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Paciente de sexo masculino de 69 años de edad con úlcera de decúbito, anemia y desnutrición severa.
Get PDFThe present clinical case is established based on a 69-year-old male patient with stage I decubitus ulcer, but the presence of bedsores in his body is still evolving, he also presents anemia and severe malnutrition, he is under hospitalization due to the severity of his health condition. The patient underwent a comprehensive nutritional approach; In other words, it was evaluated by all the indicators, obtaining a weight of 42 kg in the anthropometric and a BMI of 16.03 kg / m2 with a diagnosis of severe malnutrition according to BMI in older adults; This condition of severe malnutrition was also evidenced by biochemical values showing altered hematocrit, hemoglobin and albumin with very low values compared to the reference values. When considering the clinical indicator, the patient present’s disorientation in time and space, pale face, semi-humid oral mucosa, symmetrical chest, loss of muscle mass, family member reports that the patient has a dry cough, defecates loose stools. Within the dietary assessment approach, the patient registers a deficient 24-hour reminder with an energy intake of 744 calories and a protein intake of 7.01g, totally inadequate to his needs. Through the comprehensive assessment of the patient, it was possible to determine a personalized food plan taking into account his energy needs and his health condition; the patient is prescribed a diet of 1300 kcal a day this diet is hyperprotein due to its condition of bedsores or decubitus ulcers and its severe malnutrition, this diet also has a great contribution of iron due to its condition of anemiaThe present clinical case is established based on a 69-year-old male patient with stage I decubitus ulcer, but the presence of bedsores in his body is still evolving, he also presents anemia and severe malnutrition, he is under hospitalization due to the severity of his health condition. The patient underwent a comprehensive nutritional approach; In other words, it was evaluated by all the indicators, obtaining a weight of 42 kg in the anthropometric and a BMI of 16.03 kg / m2 with a diagnosis of severe malnutrition according to BMI in older adults; This condition of severe malnutrition was also evidenced by biochemical values showing altered hematocrit, hemoglobin and albumin with very low values compared to the reference values. When considering the clinical indicator, the patient present’s disorientation in time and space, pale face, semi-humid oral mucosa, symmetrical chest, loss of muscle mass, family member reports that the patient has a dry cough, defecates loose stools. Within the dietary assessment approach, the patient registers a deficient 24-hour reminder with an energy intake of 744 calories and a protein intake of 7.01g, totally inadequate to his needs. Through the comprehensive assessment of the patient, it was possible to determine a personalized food plan taking into account his energy needs and his health condition; the patient is prescribed a diet of 1300 kcal a day this diet is hyperprotein due to its condition of bedsores or decubitus ulcers and its severe malnutrition, this diet also has a great contribution of iron due to its condition of anemiaEl presente caso clínico se establece en función de un paciente de sexo masculino de 69 años de edad con ulcera de decúbito que se encuentra en estadio I, pero sigue en evolución en presencia de escaras en su cuerpo, también presenta anemia y desnutrición severa, se encuentra bajo hospitalización por la severidad de su estado de salud. Al paciente se le realizo un abordaje nutricional integro; es decir fue evaluado por todos los indicadores obteniendo en el antropométrico un peso de 42 kg y un IMC de 16.03 kg/m2 con diagnóstico de desnutrición severa según IMC en adultos mayores; esta condición de desnutrición severa también fue evidenciada por valores bioquímicos presentando alteración hematocrito, hemoglobina y albumina con valores muy bajos respecto a los valores de referencia. Al considerar el indicador clínico el paciente presenta desorientación en tiempo y espacio, facie pálida, mucosa oral semihúmedo, tórax simétrico, pérdida de masa muscular, familiar refiere que el paciente presenta tos seca, defeca heces de consistencia blandas. Dentro del abordaje de la evaluación dietética el paciente registra recordatorio de 24 horas deficiente con un aporte de energía de 744 calorías y aporte de proteína de 7.01g, totalmente inadecuado a sus necesidades. A través de la valoración integral del paciente se pudo determinar un plan alimentario personalizado tomando en cuenta sus necesidades energéticas y su condición de salud; al paciente se le prescribe una dieta de 1300 kcal al día esta dieta es hiperproteica por su condición de escaras o ulceras por decúbito y su desnutrición severa, dicha dieta también tiene un gran aporte de hierro por su condición de anemia
Paciente femenino de 50 años de edad con sobrepeso e hipertensión.
Get PDFIn the following clinical case study, it is based on a 50-year-old female patient who presents with Hypertension and overweight, as well as hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. In the anthropometric evaluation, she presented a body mass index of 26.8 ⁄2, also a body fat percentage of 30% which according to American College of Sport Medicine is acceptable. Hypertension is a chronic, non-communicable disease and is determined by continuously elevated blood pressure. The persistent increase in high blood pressure can vary with age. If they are overweight, their blood pressure will increase further, which will harm one billion people in Latin America and Ecuador. The National Health Survey of Ecuador weighs that six out of ten Ecuadorian adults are overweight or obese. Where Galapagos shows the highest incidence of cases. In the Ecuadorian adult population obesity is higher in women 27.6% than in men 16.6%. Regarding overweight, men continue with a prevalence of 43.4% and women 37.9%. (ENSANUT, 2014). The objective of the nutritional intervention is to improve the nutritional status of the patient with hypertension and overweight through dietary treatment, which consists of a diet plan of 1800 kcal / day, hyposodium, divided into 4 meals, with which it was possible to improve the nutritional status in 3 months of treatment, where the triglyceride was reduced from 204 to 154 mg / dl and the total cholesterol from 212 to 167mg / dl. In addition, her body mass index dropped from 26.8 to 24.36 kg / m2.In the following clinical case study, it is based on a 50-year-old female patient who presents with Hypertension and overweight, as well as hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. In the anthropometric evaluation, she presented a body mass index of 26.8 ⁄2, also a body fat percentage of 30% which according to American College of Sport Medicine is acceptable. Hypertension is a chronic, non-communicable disease and is determined by continuously elevated blood pressure. The persistent increase in high blood pressure can vary with age. If they are overweight, their blood pressure will increase further, which will harm one billion people in Latin America and Ecuador. The National Health Survey of Ecuador weighs that six out of ten Ecuadorian adults are overweight or obese. Where Galapagos shows the highest incidence of cases. In the Ecuadorian adult population obesity is higher in women 27.6% than in men 16.6%. Regarding overweight, men continue with a prevalence of 43.4% and women 37.9%. (ENSANUT, 2014). The objective of the nutritional intervention is to improve the nutritional status of the patient with hypertension and overweight through dietary treatment, which consists of a diet plan of 1800 kcal / day, hyposodium, divided into 4 meals, with which it was possible to improve the nutritional status in 3 months of treatment, where the triglyceride was reduced from 204 to 154 mg / dl and the total cholesterol from 212 to 167mg / dl. In addition, her body mass index dropped from 26.8 to 24.36 kg / m2.femenino de 50 años de edad que presenta Hipertensión Arterial y sobrepeso además de hipertrigliceridemia e hipercolesterolemia, en la valoración antropométrica presenta un índice de masa corporal de 26.8 ⁄2, también un porcentaje de grasa corporal de un 30% que según American College of Sport Medicine es aceptable. La hipertensión es una enfermedad crónica no transmisible y está determinada por la presión arterial continuamente elevada. El aumento persistente de la presión arterial alta puede variar con la edad. Si tienen sobrepeso, su presión arterial aumentará aún más, lo que perjudicará a mil millones de personas en América Latina y Ecuador. La Encuesta Nacional de Salud del Ecuador pondera que seis de cada diez adultos ecuatorianos tienen sobrepeso u obesidad. En donde Galápagos evidencia la mayor incidencia de casos. En la población ecuatoriana adulta la obesidad es más alta en mujeres 27,6% que en hombres 16,6%. En cuanto se refiere al sobrepeso, los hombres continúan con una prevalencia de 43,4% y las mujeres 37,9%. (ENSANUT, 2014). El objetivo de la intervención nutricional es mejorar el estado nutricional de la paciente con hipertensión y sobrepeso mediante el tratamiento dietético, el cual consiste un plan de alimentación de 1800 kcal/día, hiposódica, fraccionado en 4 comidas, con lo que se logró mejorar el estado nutricional en 3 meses de tratamiento, en donde el triglicérido se redujo de 204 a 154 mg/dl y el colesterol total de 212 a 167mg/dl. Además, su índice de masa corporal descendió de 26,8 a 24,36 kg/m2
Paciente masculino de 55 años de edad con diabetes mellitus tipo ii
Get PDFThe present clinical case is based on a 55-year-old male patient with a history of being overweight, within the family pathological history he says that his mother suffered from diabetes, goes to a doctor's office, because the last few months have felt bad, he has presented blurred vision, headache, indicates that he frequently gets up to urinate at night, is very thirsty, and has noticed that he is losing weight, is afraid of his family history already mentioned. The comprehensive nutritional assessment is performed and determined by Imc overweight with increased cardiovascular risk, biochemical data reveals hyperglycemia, high total cholesterol and low HDL, collecting all the necessary data the patient is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. An individualized nutritional plan is carried out, taking into account its nutritional diagnosis and its pathological state, a therapeutic diet plan that covers your daily caloric needs, which will be divided into 5 meals a day, with its two snacks and 3 main meals with the in order to maintain optimal metabolic control and avoid hyperglycemia in the patient. A follow-up and monitoring plan is executed in one month, in which very favorable data on the patient's health was obtained, a minimal but continuous weight loss was observed, his fasting glucose decreased but is not yet within the referential ranges, its HDL increase and its LDL decreased, the proposed diet fully meets each proposed objective to improve the patient's health.El presente caso clínico se basa en un paciente masculino de 55 años de edad con antecedentes de sobrepeso, dentro de los antecedentes patológicos familiares refiere que su madre sufría de diabetes, acude a consulta médica, debido que los últimos meses se ha sentido mal, ha presentado visión borrosa, cefalea, indica que frecuentemente se levanta a orinar por las noches, presenta mucha sed, y ha notado que está disminuyendo de peso, presenta temor de su antecedente familiar ya antes mencionado . Se realiza la valoración integral nutricional y se determina mediante Imc sobrepeso con riesgo cardiovascular incrementado, los datos bioquímicos nos revelan hiperglucemia, colesterol total elevado y HDL bajo, recolectando todos los datos necesarios el paciente es diagnosticado con diabetes tipo 2. Se realiza un plan nutricional individualizado , teniendo en cuenta su diagnóstico nutricional y su estado patológico, una plan dieto terapéutico que cubra con sus necesidades calóricas diarias, la cual será fraccionada en 5 comidas al día, con sus dos colaciones y 3 comidas principales con el fin de mantener un óptimo control metabólico y evitar las hiperglucemia en el paciente. Se ejecuta un plan de seguimiento y monitoreo en un mes, en cual se obtuvo datos muy favorables en la salud del paciente, se observó una pérdida de peso mínima pero continua con sobrepeso, su glucosa en ayuna disminuyó pero aún no se encuentra dentro de los rangos referenciales, su HDL aumento y su LDL disminuyo, la dieta planteada cumple a cabalidad con cada objetivo propuesto para mejorar la salud del paciente
Paciente femenino de 18 años de edad con fractura de peroné y anemia ferropénica.
Get PDFThe realization of this clinical case is of an 18-year-old female patient, a student from the city of Pichincha in the province of Manabí who entered the IESS Quevedo General Hospital after suffering a traffic accident where she was traveling as a co-pilot, entering by the emergency area where a fibula fracture and iron deficiency anemia were determined as a consequence of excessive blood loss. Objective: To improve the nutritional status of a female patient with a fibula fracture and iron deficiency anemia. Methodology: The development of this clinical case had a descriptive approach, since anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary data were collected. Results: With the evaluation of the nutritional status, it was determined that the patient had a normal nutritional status, but her biochemical tests and clinical evaluation determined that the patient had iron deficiency anemia. Conclusion: It was possible to improve the nutritional status of the patient with the inclusion of more iron intake in the diet, promoting in her the change to a healthy diet that includes all the macro and micronutrients that allow her to have an optimal state of health.The realization of this clinical case is of an 18-year-old female patient, a student from the city of Pichincha in the province of Manabí who entered the IESS Quevedo General Hospital after suffering a traffic accident where she was traveling as a co-pilot, entering by the emergency area where a fibula fracture and iron deficiency anemia were determined as a consequence of excessive blood loss. Objective: To improve the nutritional status of a female patient with a fibula fracture and iron deficiency anemia. Methodology: The development of this clinical case had a descriptive approach, since anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary data were collected. Results: With the evaluation of the nutritional status, it was determined that the patient had a normal nutritional status, but her biochemical tests and clinical evaluation determined that the patient had iron deficiency anemia. Conclusion: It was possible to improve the nutritional status of the patient with the inclusion of more iron intake in the diet, promoting in her the change to a healthy diet that includes all the macro and micronutrients that allow her to have an optimal state of health.La realización del presente caso clínico es de una paciente de sexo femenino de 18 años de edad, estudiante de la ciudad de Pichincha en la provincia de Manabí que ingresó al Hospital General IESS Quevedo tras sufrir un accidente de tránsito en donde viajaba como copiloto, ingresando por el área de emergencias donde se determinó una fractura de peroné y anemia ferropénica como consecuencia de la pérdida excesiva de sangre. Objetivo: Mejorar el estado nutricional de paciente de sexo femenino la cual presenta una fractura de peroné y anemia ferropénica. Metodología: El desarrollo de este caso clínico contó con un enfoque descriptivo, ya que se recogieron datos antropométricos, bioquímicos, clínicos y dietéticos. Resultados: Con la evaluación del estado nutricional se determinó que la paciente contaba con un estado nutricional normal, pero sus exámenes bioquímicos y la valoración clínica determinaron que la paciente cursaba una anemia ferropénica. Conclusión: Se logró mejorar el estado nutricional de la paciente con la inclusión de más consumo de hierro en la dieta, fomentar en ella el cambio a una alimentación saludable en donde se incluya todos los macro y micronutrientes que le permita tener un estado de salud óptimo
Proceso de atención nutricional en paciente femenino de 55 años de edad con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
No full textChronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by presenting pictures of difficulty breathing and a long time. It is a disease that is on the rise since every day the number of people who smoke increases, this being the most influential factor in this disease. This is a disease that develops over the years, generally in smokers, although there have been cases of people who have not smoked and have suffered from this disease. This case study is based on a 55-year-old female patient who suffers from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, who presents a clinical picture of medium effort dyspnea + cough + asthenia, which is why she attends a health home. During the nutritional assessment it was found that his BMI is within normal parameters. The objective of this clinical case is to carry out a nutritional care process in a 55-year-old female patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which is carried out based on a 1645 Kcal diet.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by presenting pictures of difficulty breathing and a long time. It is a disease that is on the rise since every day the number of people who smoke increases, this being the most influential factor in this disease. This is a disease that develops over the years, generally in smokers, although there have been cases of people who have not smoked and have suffered from this disease. This case study is based on a 55-year-old female patient who suffers from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, who presents a clinical picture of medium effort dyspnea + cough + asthenia, which is why she attends a health home. During the nutritional assessment it was found that his BMI is within normal parameters. The objective of this clinical case is to carry out a nutritional care process in a 55-year-old female patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which is carried out based on a 1645 Kcal diet.La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica se caracteriza por presentar cuadros de dificultad para respirar y tos prolongada. Es una enfermedad que va en ascenso ya que cada día la cantidad de personas que fuman aumenta, siendo este el factor mas influyente en esta enfermedad. Esta es una enfermedad que se desarrolla a lo largo de los años generalmente en personas fumadoras, aunque se han presentado casos de personas que no han fumado y han padecido de esta enfermedad. Este estudio de caso esta basado en una paciente de sexo femenino de 55 años de edad que padece enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, que presenta cuadro clínico de disnea de mediano esfuerzo + tos + astenia razón por la cual asiste a casa de salud. El objetivo de este caso clínico es realizar un proceso de atención nutricional en paciente femenino de 55 años de edad con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, el cual se realizará en base a una dieta de 1645 Kcal
Proceso de atención nutricional en paciente masculino de 42 años con cirrosis hepática.
Get PDFLiver cirrhosis is the result of chronic liver disease characterized by liver fibrosis and regenerative nodules with fluctuations in protein and lipid metabolism. For this reason, the increase in nutritional needs forces the human body to supply the needs, which leads to the deterioration of nutritional status. Pathology has a high mortality rate worldwide, especially among Men due to chronic consumption of alcohol and other diseases. The present case analysis is based on a 42-year-old male patient with liver cirrhosis, Currently the therapeutic purpose of the pathology is to improve the nutritional status of the patient, correctly provide the necessary nutrients and reduce basic complications. The patient was evaluated by anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary methods and showed correct muscle structure and minimizing the underlying complications. Therefore, it is essential to provide a comprehensive procedure based on adequate calorie and protein intakeLiver cirrhosis is the result of chronic liver disease characterized by liver fibrosis and regenerative nodules with fluctuations in protein and lipid metabolism. For this reason, the increase in nutritional needs forces the human body to supply the needs, which leads to the deterioration of nutritional status. Pathology has a high mortality rate worldwide, especially among Men due to chronic consumption of alcohol and other diseases. The present case analysis is based on a 42-year-old male patient with liver cirrhosis, Currently the therapeutic purpose of the pathology is to improve the nutritional status of the patient, correctly provide the necessary nutrients and reduce basic complications. The patient was evaluated by anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary methods and showed correct muscle structure and minimizing the underlying complications. Therefore, it is essential to provide a comprehensive procedure based on adequate calorie and protein intakeLa cirrosis hepática es el resultado de una enfermedad hepática crónica caracterizada por fibrosis hepática y nódulos regenerativos con fluctuaciones en el metabolismo de proteínas y lipidos. Por este motivo, el aumento de las necesidades nutricionales obliga al organismo humano a suplir las necesidades lo que lleva al deterioro del estado nutricional. La patología tiene una alta tasa mortalidad a nivel mundial especialmente entre los varones debido al consumo crónico de alcohol y otras enfermedades. El presente análisis de caso se basa en un paciente de sexo masculino de 42 años de edad con cirrosis hepática, actualmente la finalidad terapéutica de la patología es mejorar el estado nutricional del paciente, aportar correctamente los nutrientes necesarios y reducir las complicaciones de base. El paciente fue evaluado por métodos antropométricos, bioquímicos, clínicos y dietéticos y mostró correcta estructura muscular y minimizando las complicaciones subyacentes. Por lo tanto, es esencial proporcionar un procedimiento integral basado en la ingesta adecuada de calorías y proteína
Paciente de sexo femenino de 29 años de edad con desnutrición proteico – calórica severa y tuberculosis pulmonar no confirmada.
Get PDFThe current clinical case whose performance involves a theoretical and practical orientation, consists of the evaluation of a 29-year-old female patient who presents symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis and therefore, is found with severe protein-caloric malnutrition and iron deficiency anemia. The pertinent examinations and nutritional assessment were carried out using the four methods: anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary, in order to confirm malnutrition and anemia. However, pulmonary tuberculosis was not confirmed by the attending physician despite having several symptoms of the disease, no smear microscopy or tuberculin test was performed. Once the patient's data have been obtained, the appropriate and timely nutritional treatment is carried out to prevent malnutrition from continuing to affect her body. Nutritional treatment consists of the administration of an enteral formula called Complebyn, which was well tolerated by the patient and changes were made in the minute to help increase her appetite. The respective follow-up was carried out for three months to corroborate that the nutritional and dietary therapeutic prescription produced the desired effects. Little by little, her weight, her hemoglobin, serum iron, and albumin levels increased, the patient's clinical signs improved, and her dietary intake was favorable compared to the start of treatment.The current clinical case whose performance involves a theoretical and practical orientation, consists of the evaluation of a 29-year-old female patient who presents symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis and therefore, is found with severe protein-caloric malnutrition and iron deficiency anemia. The pertinent examinations and nutritional assessment were carried out using the four methods: anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary, in order to confirm malnutrition and anemia. However, pulmonary tuberculosis was not confirmed by the attending physician despite having several symptoms of the disease, no smear microscopy or tuberculin test was performed. Once the patient's data have been obtained, the appropriate and timely nutritional treatment is carried out to prevent malnutrition from continuing to affect her body. Nutritional treatment consists of the administration of an enteral formula called Complebyn, which was well tolerated by the patient and changes were made in the minute to help increase her appetite. The respective follow-up was carried out for three months to corroborate that the nutritional and dietary therapeutic prescription produced the desired effects. Little by little, her weight, her hemoglobin, serum iron, and albumin levels increased, the patient's clinical signs improved, and her dietary intake was favorable compared to the start of treatment.El presente caso clínico cuya realización conlleva una orientación teórica y práctica, consiste en la evaluación de una paciente de sexo femenino de 29 años de edad que presenta síntomas de tuberculosis pulmonar y por ello, se encuentra con una desnutrición proteico - calórica severa y anemia ferropénica. Se le realizaron los exámenes pertinentes y la valoración nutricional mediante los cuatro métodos: antropométricos, bioquímicos, clínicos y dietéticos, para de esta manera confirmar la desnutrición y la anemia. Sin embargo, la tuberculosis pulmonar no fue confirmada por el médico tratante a pesar de tener varios síntomas de la enfermedad, no se le realizó baciloscopía ni la prueba de la tuberculina. Una vez obtenidos los datos de la paciente, se le realiza el tratamiento nutricional adecuado y oportuno para evitar que la desnutrición continúe afectando a su organismo. El tratamiento nutricional consiste en la administración de una fórmula enteral llamada Complebyn la misma que fue bien tolerada por la paciente y se le realizaron cambios en la minuta para contribuir a que su apetito aumente. Se realizó el respectivo seguimiento durante tres meses para corroborar que la prescripción nutrioterapéutica y dietoterapéutica surgieron los efectos deseados. Poco a poco, el peso, sus niveles de hemoglobina, hierro sérico y albúmina aumentaron, los signos clínicos de la paciente mejoraron y la ingesta dietética fue favorable respecto al inicio del tratamiento
Relación de la lonchera nutritiva y el rendimiento académico en niños preescolares de 4 a 5 años de la Escuela de Educación básica Aurora Estrada y Ayala.
Get PDFThe research presented was carried out at the Aurora Estrada y Ayala Basic Education School whose general objective was to determine the relationship between the nutritious lunchbox and academic performance in preschool children aged 4 to 5 years in the city of Babahoyo in the first school term of 2023 using the total population of 75 students, considering certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. The design of the study was descriptive and cross-sectional, using techniques such as observation, survey, and anthropometric evaluation of the students. The results of the research were as follows: Many of the students carried in their lunch box processed foods over natural and/or home-prepared foods and most of them had a grade of A = Achieves learning, a minority EP = In the process of achieving learning, finally, only one student with a physio pathological condition had I = Initiatic. After the descriptive analysis of the data, the research hypothesis was tested, which was positive because a correlation with Pearson's coefficient of 0.96 was obtained, accepting that there is an influence between academic performance and the school lunchbox in terms of its nutritional content. However, there is a need to carry out teaching and learning processes for parents, teachers, and the rest of the educational community to improve the aspects found.The research presented was carried out at the Aurora Estrada y Ayala Basic Education School whose general objective was to determine the relationship between the nutritious lunchbox and academic performance in preschool children aged 4 to 5 years in the city of Babahoyo in the first school term of 2023 using the total population of 75 students, considering certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. The design of the study was descriptive and cross-sectional, using techniques such as observation, survey, and anthropometric evaluation of the students. The results of the research were as follows: Many of the students carried in their lunch box processed foods over natural and/or home-prepared foods and most of them had a grade of A = Achieves learning, a minority EP = In the process of achieving learning, finally, only one student with a physio pathological condition had I = Initiatic. After the descriptive analysis of the data, the research hypothesis was tested, which was positive because a correlation with Pearson's coefficient of 0.96 was obtained, accepting that there is an influence between academic performance and the school lunchbox in terms of its nutritional content. However, there is a need to carry out teaching and learning processes for parents, teachers, and the rest of the educational community to improve the aspects found.La investigación presentada fue realizada en la Escuela de Educación Básica Aurora Estrada y Ayala cuyo objetivo general fue determinar la relación de la lonchera nutritiva y el rendimiento académico en niños preescolares de 4 a 5 años en la ciudad de Babahoyo en el primer periodo lectivo del 2023 utilizando el total de la población que fueron 75 estudiantes tomando en cuenta ciertos criterios de inclusión y exclusión. El diseño del estudio fue de tipo descriptivo de corte transversal en donde se utilizaron técnicas como la observación, encuesta y la evaluación antropométrica de los estudiantes. Los resultados de la investigación fueron los siguientes: La mayoría de los estudiantes llevaban en su lonchera alimentos procesados por encima de los naturales y/o preparados en casa y en su mayoría tenían una calificación de A = Alcanza los aprendizajes, una minoría EP = En proceso de alcanzar el aprendizaje, por último, solo un estudiante con una condición fisiopatológica tenía I = Iniciático. Posterior al análisis descriptivo de los datos, se realizó la comprobación de la hipótesis de investigación, la misma que fue positiva debido a que se obtuvo una correlación con el coeficiente de Pearson de 0.96 aceptando que hay una influencia entre el rendimiento académico y la lonchera escolar en cuanto a su contenido nutricional. Sin embargo, se necesita llevar a cabo procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje hacia padres, docentes y la demás comunidad educativa para que mejoren los aspectos encontrados
Paciente de sexo masculino con 40 años de edad que presenta síndrome metabólico
Get PDFThe following clinical case study is based on a 40-year-old male patient, who suffers from metabolic syndrome, has a family pathological history, Diabetes Mellitus. As a result of the physical examination I have high blood pressure, the anthropometric assessment reveals the body mass index of 33.2 kg / tm2. According to the cut-off points of the World Health Organization, presentation of a nutritional status of obesity grade I. The comprehensive nutritional diagnosis will be carried. out by means of the anthropometric parameters, the obvious biochemical values, a high lipid profile; a high fasting blood sugar; and as regards dietary evaluation or food history, an excessive intake of macronutrients is evident. Our goal is to improve the nutritional status of the patient through a correct nutritional intervention, with a 1,500 kcal / day, low fat, and high fiber diet plan, controlling sodium and potassium. Fractioned into 5 meals a day according to your caloric requirements, in order to reduce cardiovascular risks, and thus provide improvement in the patient's quality of life and eating habits avoiding complications in the future.El siguiente estudio de caso clínico se basa en un paciente masculino de 40 años de edad, que padece de síndrome metabólico, tiene como antecedente patológico familiar, Diabetes Mellitus. Como resultado de la exploración física presento presión arterial elevada, en la valoración antropométrica revela el índice de masa corporal de 33.2 kg/tm2. De acuerdo a los puntos de cortes de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, presenta un estado nutricional de obesidad grado I. Se procede a realizar el diagnostico nutricional integral mediante los parámetros antropométricos, los valores bioquímicos manifiestan un perfil lipídico elevado; una glicemia en ayuna elevada; y en cuanto a la evaluación dietética o Anamnesis alimentaria se evidencia una ingesta excesiva de macronutrientes. Nuestro objetivo es mejorar el estado nutricional del paciente por medio de una correcta intervención nutricional, con un plan de alimentación de 1,500 kcal/día, baja grasas, y alta en fibra, controlando el sodio y el potasio. Fraccionada en 5 comidas al día de acuerdo a sus requerimientos calóricos, con el fin de disminuir riesgos cardiovasculares, y de esta manera brindar mejoría en la calidad de vida y hábitos alimenticios del paciente evitando complicaciones a futuro
Consumo alimenticio en niños de 4 años de edad y su relación con el estado nutricional en la Unidad Educativa Manuel Córdova Galarza, Ventanas, junio – septiembre, 2022.
No full textAn adequate diet brings benefits to the development of children, helps maintain a balanced nutritional status, especially in the infant stage. In this sense, this study aims to evaluate food consumption in 4-year-old children and its relationship with nutritional status, in the Manuel Córdova Galarza educational unit, Ventanas, June - September, 2022. The applied methodology was inductive-deductive, with a descriptive and observational nature, his sample comprised a group of 30 4-year-old children belonging to the educational center; As a technique, an observation sheet was used where data on anthropometric measurements and the frequency of foods consumed were collected. The results reflected that the children present normal measurements for the most part, however, several of them are overweight and in relation to their nutritional status, they mostly consume processed foods and fats. It was concluded that children do not have an adequate diet that provides benefits for their development, which led to the development of a proposal focused on training on adequate eating habits.An adequate diet brings benefits to the development of children, helps maintain a balanced nutritional status, especially in the infant stage. In this sense, this study aims to evaluate food consumption in 4-year-old children and its relationship with nutritional status, in the Manuel Córdova Galarza educational unit, Ventanas, June - September, 2022. The applied methodology was inductive-deductive, with a descriptive and observational nature, his sample comprised a group of 30 4-year-old children belonging to the educational center; As a technique, an observation sheet was used where data on anthropometric measurements and the frequency of foods consumed were collected. The results reflected that the children present normal measurements for the most part, however, several of them are overweight and in relation to their nutritional status, they mostly consume processed foods and fats. It was concluded that children do not have an adequate diet that provides benefits for their development, which led to the development of a proposal focused on training on adequate eating habits.Una adecuada alimentación aporta beneficios al desarrollo de los niños, ayuda a mantener un estado nutricional balanceado sobre todo en la etapa infantil. En ese sentido este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el consumo alimenticio en niños de 4 años edad y su relación con el estado nutricional, en la unidad educativa Manuel Córdova Galarza, Ventanas, junio – septiembre, 2022. La metodología aplicada fue inductivo-deductivo, con carácter descriptivo y observacional, su muestra comprendió de un grupo de 30 niños de 4 años pertenecientes al centro educativo; como técnica se utilizó una ficha de observación donde se recopilaban datos de las medidas antropométricas y de la frecuencia de alimentos que consumen. Los resultados reflejaron que los niños presentan medidas normales en su mayoría, sin embargo, varios de ellos muestran sobrepeso y en relación al estado nutricional, en su mayoría consumen alimentos procesados y grasas. Se concluyó que los niños no cuentan con un adecuado régimen alimenticio que les provea beneficios para su desarrollo, lo que conllevó a la elaboración de una propuesta enfocada en la capacitación sobre hábitos alimenticios adecuados
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