633 research outputs found
Dialectal position of Daan Tibetan spoken in the Naxi cultural area
No full textチベット語が分布する地域の南東端を占める中国雲南省迪慶藏族自治州のさ
らに南に位置する麗江市において，いくつかチベット族の村落が点在する。永
勝県大安納西族彝族郷はその1 つであり，今なお同地のチベット族はチベット
語を話していることが筆者の調査によって判明した。しかしながら長期にわた
るナシ語や漢語の影響を受け，現在では漢語への移行が進み，すでにその話者
数は激減している。
本稿の目的は大安郷のチベット語Daan 方言のカムチベット語における方言所
属を明らかにすることである。この議論は主に方言間の比較によって成立する。
地理的環境や民間伝承を考慮して，比較対象として最も近くに分布する迪慶州
の諸方言を射程に収める。具体的に比較する言語現象は2 点あり，1 つはチベッ
ト文語形式と口語形式との対応関係の分析で，もう1 つは語形式の分析である。
これらの作業を通して，Daan 方言の方言所属を考察する。
本稿の具体的な構成は，まずDaan 方言のチベット文語形式と口語形式との対
応関係を明らかにし，それによって得られた特徴と迪慶州のチベット語方言の
特徴を比較する。そしてDaan 方言に見られる特徴的な語形式を迪慶州のチベッ
ト語方言の例と比較し，考察を加える。考察の結果，Daan 方言はSems-kyi-nyila
方言群全般の特徴と近似し，特に破擦音/摩擦音の発展過程において同方言群の
Melung 下位方言群の特徴と一致することが判明した。There are several villages populated by Tibetans in Lijiang Municipal Region,
the southeastern neighbourhood of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,
where the Tibetan language is mainly spoken. The author has found that
the Tibetan inhabitants still use Tibetan in Daan village, Yongsheng County in
Lijiang, but this dialect is close to extinction because of the strong influence of
Naxi and Chinese.
This paper aims to clarify the dialectal position of the Daan dialect of Khams
Tibetan using a comparative method involving both comparison of using a
sound correspondences between spoken forms and Written Tibetan (WrT) in
multiple Tibetan dialects, and also word forms. In consideration of the geographical
situation and the folklore of the Daan Tibetans, the scope of the
dialectal comparison covers the dialects spoken in Diqing Prefecture, which
can be divided into three main groups: Sems-kyi-nyila, nJol and gTorwa. Of
those, the dialects of the Sems-kyi-nyila and nJol groups are compared with the
Daan dialect.
The main matter consists of three parts: sound correspondences between
WrT and the Daan dialect, comparison of the latter with multiple dialects of
Diqing, and comparison of several characteristic word forms. The paper concludes
that the Daan dialect is genetically close to the Sems-kyi-nyila dialect
group, especially to its Melung subgroup, based on the sound development of
the affricate / fricative series.Articledepartmental bulletin pape
A place for ceramics in a city of stone
No full textA design for a Centre for Ceramics with workshops and exhibition space in the historical centre of Maastricht
Doplor Sleep: Monitoring Hospital Soundscapes for Better Sleep Hygiene
No full textGood sleep is conducive to the recovery process of hospital patients - and yet, in many wards, sleep duration and quality can often be suboptimal, in part due to modifiable hospital-related sounds and noises. At the neurological ward of the Reinier de Graaf hospital in Delft, the Netherlands, we developed and evaluated a prototype information exchange system to raise awareness of specific sounds as disturbing patients' sleep. The system both classifies different relevant sound events and tracks sleep quality (using a Fitbit device). This information is then visualized for patients and staff to present the influence of the soundscape on patients' sleep hygiene in a friendly and comprehensive way. We discuss the design process, including a context study and various evaluations of the technology, interface, and created affordances. Our initial findings indicate that visualizing hospital soundscapes may, indeed, support both patients and staff in their efforts towards better sleep hygiene. Design AestheticsInternet of Thing
Things Fall Apart; The Center Cannot Hold
No full text“It was generally believed that losing one’s life to a hurricane is… something that happens in far-away places,” the Indian writer Amitav Ghosh wrote in his 2017 book ‘The Great Derangement’ (p. 26). The current climate and environmental crises are in the very first place crises of culture, crises of imagination. [...] An idea in close correspondence with what Joan Didion famously mentioned when contemplating the American countercultural phenomena of the late nineteen sixties and early seventies: “We tell ourselves stories in order to live” (The White Album, 1979). To be at home in modernity is a constant struggle between space and place. The essay considers in a narrative way the longing for places which are stable and deep-rooted, which might be point of reference, of departure, of origin, in times which have declared change to be the purpose of life. It contemplates on matter inventively moulded into the reassuring concealment of ‘a world as we know it’. But also on ‘characters of the road,’ the mad ones, “the ones who are mad to live, mad to talk, mad to be saved, desirous of everything at the same time, the ones who never yawn or say a commonplace thing, but burn, burn, burn like fabulous yellow roman candles exploding like spiders across the stars…” (Kerouac, J. On The Road, 1957). [...] The writings of the Beat Movement among others, unintentionally initiated the downfall of the American dream from moral clarity, pioneers and heroism to vague, meaningless freedom and decades of turmoil, violence, apathy, and a shaky morality. “Things fall apart, the center cannot hold” (Yeats, W.B. The Second Coming, 1920), but in order to make life possible on earth, we, as human beings, construct the world, the philosopher Hannah Arendt wrote. We, as human beings, are in need of a stage for what Arendt defines as ‘action’. A durable situation upon which we can speak, communicate, share and discuss. The shift of modernity from place to space and from durable to more and more temporal artefacts, of which architecture is a very important part while action takes place in the public sphere, renders the homeless mind of modern man. One who becomes hardly able to turn feelings of melancholia, insecurity and imperfection into creativity and reflection. But instead focusses on power, matter and scattering. Imperialistic concealments which narrow his frame of reference and increasingly shorten the range of the probable. A man-centered world that cannot cope with the questions the Anthropocene era poses. Questions of climate crises, hyper-objects and environmental instability, confronting a people who seem to have forgotten that “recognition famously is a passage from ignorance to knowledge” (Ghosh, A. The Great Derangement, 2017 p. 4). [...] A more suitable balance between the human and non-human is being advocated to widen the range of the probable and expand the understanding of modern man. By acknowledging instead of rejecting that technological and natural incomprehensibilities are not something outside of the human, but being human precisely exists out of the continuous scanning and incorporation of it, it becomes possible to confront oneself with the non-human actors and their effects on being human. By considering the human mind as ‘artefactual,’ an object made by human beings, it can be levelled with non-human actors and be recognized as a part of this. As long as architecture, a physical translation of the relationship between man and his surroundings in search of a place to call home, is understood and developed as an ‘attempt to bridge the gap’, it can be a vital practice in questioning what it means to be human, at home in longing.At Home in Longing - An architecture of the attemptArchitecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Explorela
Subversive machines: Designing architectural freedom through open systems
No full textThis project forms an exploration of the way in which architecture, as a discipline, might come to a distinctly architectural application of computational design techinques. In particular, it questions the external nature of these techniques to the field, and how the discipline might come to formulate its own critical technicity. This is premised on a systems-view of technical development, which highlights the importance of time and situatedness for any consideration of change, genesis or becoming. In order to then construct an architectural technicity that can grapple with the external character of technical development, I argue using the philosophy of technology of Gilbert Simondon and Stafford Beer’s management cybernetics that what is needed for this is a radical opening-up of the architectural process in the form of a democratization, to augment architecture’s capacity for producing alternate futurity. The design project continues from this with the formulation of a notion of an open architectural system. This is premised on the idea by that taking the passage of time into consideration in architectural interventions the social nature of the processes through which these interventions arise are made explicit: it is therefore an attempt at elaborating a design-, building- and organizational process that continuously engages with the system-environment that constitutes the proposed design location – a concrete plant on the outskirts of Amsterdam. The design is intended as a system that plugs into the existing system on site, gradually supplanting the concrete plant and using it to fashion a material landscape that functions as the substrate for an open residential cooperative. This material landscape is designed as a system that functions to support all processes and flows necessary for the maximization of freedom in architectural expression for the occupants of the site, with the intention of subverting market logic and financialization in Amsterdam’s housing system.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Explorela
Embrace diversity: (un)divided Hebron: coexistence through architecture of water
No full textWater scarcity and unequal distribution of water to different social groups is a problem around the world - mostly in arid and dry climatological conditions. In Israel and the Palestinian Territories water is used as a territorial tool in what I call 'spaces of conflict and opposition'. What could the role of e.g. an architect be in spaces of conflict and opposition through the spatial embodiment of water? This master thesis elaborates on the relevancy of the relation between water and architecture; the architectural embodiment of water systems in coherence with the creation of spaces for mixed flows of people from different social groups.The building design - the Temple of Water - tries to find an architectural expression in the provision of sufficient water to the city of Hebron, while being a place for all different people to enter, meet, gather, and understand the importance of water as the source for life. The Temple of Water aims for the generation of curiosity and unpredictability in order to be a continuous source of fascination and mysteriousness. Water is the key element and is embodied in different ways, as it also expresses itself through different media e.g. sound and air humidity.The Temple of water dresses the problems of territorial water management while providing the city of Hebron of water and being the platform for social cohesion and de-segragation through architecture of water
Design for Disassembly - a way to minimize building waste: A design for a transformation of an office building into dwellings taking into account circularity, demonstrating how circularity offers freedom for (non-traditional) households
No full textThis graduation is part of a double degree for the master Architecture and the master Construction, Management and Engineering. Research has been conducted into the field of circularity and specifically on design for disassembly as a way to minimize building waste and on improving implementation of circularity by studying the building process and the actors that are involved or should be involved. By relying on case study research including interviews, conclusions were made that circularity is befitted by separability of layers, homogeneity of materials, standardization of dimensions, and fit to different life times. In general, circularity should be aimed at reducing, reusing and recycling building components and materials at both the start and end of a building’s life time. Regarding the improvement of circularity in practice, the following was concluded. Implementation of circularity is benefitted by early on involvement of the following circular-related actors: transformation agent, circularity expert, reclamation expert, dismantler, and legal officer. In order to increase their influence on decision-making these actors should become part of the project team, or at least be taken seriously and offered room to influence decision-making. Especially, if traditional actors lack knowledge and resources for implementing circularity. Moreover, contribution of their resources regarding circularity is facilitated, if these actors are involved early on. Thus, involvement of circular-related actors and traditional actors with circular-related resources early on and subsequent ability to influence and contribute to decision-making, facilitates implementation of circularity in the building process. This is especially of concern nowadays, since circularity has not yet become part of common knowledge of (all) involved actors. Based on findings from these theses a design has been made which concerns a transformation of an existing office building in Buitenveldert, Amsterdam into dwellings. The design demonstrates how circularity principles – such as demountable connections, standardization, prefab, separability of layers, etc. – could provide freedom to generate multiple types of apartments in which residents has the freedom to adjust or personalize the apartment by introducing freedom to change certain layers of the building
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