36 research outputs found
An attribute-based model to retrieve storm surge disaster cases
No full textIn China, storm surge disasters cause severe damages in coastal regions. One of the most critical tasks is to predict affected regions and their relative damage levels to support decision-making. This study develops a two-stage retrieval model to search the most similar past disaster case to complete prediction. Based on spatial attributes of cases, the top-ranking past cases with a similar location to the target case are selected. Among these past cases, the most similar past case is selected by disaster attribute similarities. Three typical storm surge case studies have been used and implemented into this proposed model, and the results show that all the most affected regions can be predicted. The proposed model simplifies the prediction process and updates results quickly. This study provides valuable information for the government to make real-time response plans.Safety and Security Scienc
Common ground or battlefield? Deconstructing the politics of recognition in Turkey
No full textArticleThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Taylor & Francis (Routledge) via the DOI in this record.This article examines the impacts that the embrace of diversity talk has had on identity and ethnic politics in Turkey that has evolved toward a relative and selective recognition. Based on the analysis of the cases of the Laze and Kurdish movements, the article argues that the politics of recognition is built conjointly by an array of actors, at different levels, with different aims, and through their very practices and interactions. The article shows that although the embrace of diversity talk may mark a depolitisation of the ethno-national claims, it still gives room to forms of resistance. These dynamics have shaped a non-coherent, multi-layered, recognition that does not allow the building of a common ground in the country but rather of a battlefield around discursive and policies choices.The author would like to acknowledge the gracious input of the anonymous reviewers, and of Anouck Côrte-Real, Adrian Guelke, Gilles Dorronsoro, and Claire Visier for their comments on the first drafts of this article. The author is also thankful to the participants of the 2012 workshop The ‘Diversity Turn’: Cultural Policies, Governance, and National Minorities at Exeter Centre for Ethno-Political Studies, University of Exeter. The article has also been fed by the discussions of the team of the Research Programme TRANSFAIRE Trans-acting Matters: Areas and Eras of a (Post-)Ottoman Globalization (ref. ANR-12-GLOB-003).This article draws on research funded by the University of Exeter, the Centre for Ethno-Political Studies and the Centre for Kurdish Studies
The relation between classroom setting and ADHD behavior in children with ADHD compared to typically developing peers
No full textOBJECTIVE: More knowledge on the impact of classroom setting on behavior of children with ADHD may help us to better adjust classroom settings to the needs of this group. METHOD: We observed ADHD behaviors of 55 children with ADHD and 34 typically developing peers (6-12 years) during classroom transitions, group lessons, and individual seatwork. RESULTS: Multivariate analyses revealed that levels of motor and verbal hyperactivity increased during classroom transitions compared to group lessons and individual seatwork. Children in the ADHD group were more off-task, across settings. There were no interactions between group and setting. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ADHD were similarly affected by classroom setting compared to typically developing peers, despite being more off-task across settings. Further research into whether the observed increase in hyperactivity during classroom transitions may be problematic or possibly even beneficial for children with ADHD is recommended.sponsorship: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), grant number 729300013. (Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw)|729300013)status: Publishe
The validity of teacher rating scales for the assessment of ADHD symptoms in the classroom: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
No full textObjective: To assess attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in the classroom, most often teacher rating scales are used. However, clinical interviews and observations are recommended as gold standard assessment. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the validity of teacher rating scales.
Method: Twenty-two studies (N = 3,947 children) assessing ADHD symptoms using teacher rating scale and either semi-structured clinical interview or structured classroom observation were meta-analyzed. Results: Results showed convergent validity for rating scale scores, with the strongest correlations (r = .55–.64) for validation against interviews, and for hyperactive–impulsive behavior. Divergent validity was confirmed for teacher ratings validated against interviews, whereas validated against
observations this was confirmed for inattention only. Conclusion: Teacher rating scales appear a valid and time-efficient measure to assess classroom ADHD; although validated against semi-structured clinical interviews, there were only a few studies available. Low correlations between ratings and structured observations of inattention suggest that observations could add information above rating scales.sponsorship: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw; Grant No. 729300013). (Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw)|729300013)status: Published onlin
Monitoring biodiversity and envionmental changes of temperate rocky-shore communities
No full textwe introduce the “Algues brunes and Bigorneaux” (Brown algae and periwinkles) dataset which is dedicated to monitoring rocky-shore communities. This dataset is part of the BioLit citizen science program created in 2012 by the NGO “Planète Mer” and the French National Museum of natural history (MNHN) which aims to leverage the potential of citizen scientists in order to enhance knowledge of french marine biodiversity. This dataset specifically focuses on the intertidal brown macroalgae canopy habitat across 3 ecoregions along the french Atlantic coastline. As it include the description of both the macroalgae belt cover and the abundance of associated epifaunal species, the ABB dataset provided valuable insights into how intertidal gastropod communities was influenced by multiscale drivers (Serranito et al. 2021). Moreover, since 2023, the dataset has been expanded to include a description of the epifaunal size structure and additional habitat descriptors, designed to monitor the impacts of eutrophication and climate change on this rocky shore ecosystem
A Collective Experimental Approach to Sustainable Practices at the Research and Teaching Centre for Environmental Geosciences (CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France)
No full textInternational audienceCEREGE is a renowned French Research and Teaching Centre for Environmental Geosciences, employing approximately 220 staff members. In 2019, the carbon footprint of CEREGE’s research-related activities was estimated at around 7 tons of CO2 equivalent per person. This footprint primarily stems from three sources: 1) purchases that are e.g. necessary for various analytical methods, 2) commuting between home and CEREGE’s remote location, and 3) international travel for sampling campaigns and conferences.Since 2019, a group of about a dozen volunteers has been actively implementing awareness-raising initiatives aimed at reducing the environmental impact of CEREGE's research activities. These initiatives include promoting sustainable transportation options, waste sorting, responsible energy consumption, and the effective use of digital technology.In 2023, these small-scale incentive actions evolved into a more collective approach. One notable initiative was the organization of a serious game session, titled “Ma Terre en 180” (Gratiot et al., 2023; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pstr.0000049), which aimed to halve the carbon footprint of a fictitious research team. Approximately 100 CEREGE staff members participated in this serious game.The question then arises: how can we effectively achieve this Environmental Transition while maintaining or even enhancing the quality of professional activities and work-life conditions? To address this, the management team of CEREGE, which has been in operation since January 2024, has integrated eco-responsibility as a key policy guideline and established a new eco-responsibility committee within CEREGE’s organizational structure.To formally validate staff approval of the environmental transition project and initiate a collective approach toward more sustainable research practices, a manifesto for CEREGE’s eco-responsibility was adopted through a vote at the beginning of 2024. Since then, the committee has been conducting a participatory process, applying facilitation principles and collective intelligence tools to ensure that all voices are heard and that decisions are widely accepted by the staff.Moreover, small groups are conducting various experiments to test the effectiveness and feasibility of proposed changes in practices. Examples of these experiments include: 1) adjusting laboratory procedures to reduce consumables and waste, and 2) implementing a carbon quota system for travel and purchases within one of the research teams. At the end of 2024, an eco-responsibility charter was approved by CEREGE staff, achieving high participation (79%) and acceptance rates (77%-97%) for each of the ten commitment articles.In this contribution, we will present this collective experimental approach, explore advantages and challenges, and discuss the initial results regarding its effectiveness in reducing the environmental impacts of CEREGE’s activities.
A Collective Experimental Approach to Sustainable Practices at the Research and Teaching Centre for Environmental Geosciences (CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France)
No full textInternational audienceCEREGE is a renowned French Research and Teaching Centre for Environmental Geosciences, employing approximately 220 staff members. In 2019, the carbon footprint of CEREGE’s research-related activities was estimated at around 7 tons of CO2 equivalent per person. This footprint primarily stems from three sources: 1) purchases that are e.g. necessary for various analytical methods, 2) commuting between home and CEREGE’s remote location, and 3) international travel for sampling campaigns and conferences.Since 2019, a group of about a dozen volunteers has been actively implementing awareness-raising initiatives aimed at reducing the environmental impact of CEREGE's research activities. These initiatives include promoting sustainable transportation options, waste sorting, responsible energy consumption, and the effective use of digital technology.In 2023, these small-scale incentive actions evolved into a more collective approach. One notable initiative was the organization of a serious game session, titled “Ma Terre en 180” (Gratiot et al., 2023; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pstr.0000049), which aimed to halve the carbon footprint of a fictitious research team. Approximately 100 CEREGE staff members participated in this serious game.The question then arises: how can we effectively achieve this Environmental Transition while maintaining or even enhancing the quality of professional activities and work-life conditions? To address this, the management team of CEREGE, which has been in operation since January 2024, has integrated eco-responsibility as a key policy guideline and established a new eco-responsibility committee within CEREGE’s organizational structure.To formally validate staff approval of the environmental transition project and initiate a collective approach toward more sustainable research practices, a manifesto for CEREGE’s eco-responsibility was adopted through a vote at the beginning of 2024. Since then, the committee has been conducting a participatory process, applying facilitation principles and collective intelligence tools to ensure that all voices are heard and that decisions are widely accepted by the staff.Moreover, small groups are conducting various experiments to test the effectiveness and feasibility of proposed changes in practices. Examples of these experiments include: 1) adjusting laboratory procedures to reduce consumables and waste, and 2) implementing a carbon quota system for travel and purchases within one of the research teams. At the end of 2024, an eco-responsibility charter was approved by CEREGE staff, achieving high participation (79%) and acceptance rates (77%-97%) for each of the ten commitment articles.In this contribution, we will present this collective experimental approach, explore advantages and challenges, and discuss the initial results regarding its effectiveness in reducing the environmental impacts of CEREGE’s activities.
A Collective Experimental Approach to Sustainable Practices at the Research and Teaching Centre for Environmental Geosciences (CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France)
No full textInternational audienceCEREGE is a renowned French Research and Teaching Centre for Environmental Geosciences, employing approximately 220 staff members. In 2019, the carbon footprint of CEREGE’s research-related activities was estimated at around 7 tons of CO2 equivalent per person. This footprint primarily stems from three sources: 1) purchases that are e.g. necessary for various analytical methods, 2) commuting between home and CEREGE’s remote location, and 3) international travel for sampling campaigns and conferences.Since 2019, a group of about a dozen volunteers has been actively implementing awareness-raising initiatives aimed at reducing the environmental impact of CEREGE's research activities. These initiatives include promoting sustainable transportation options, waste sorting, responsible energy consumption, and the effective use of digital technology.In 2023, these small-scale incentive actions evolved into a more collective approach. One notable initiative was the organization of a serious game session, titled “Ma Terre en 180” (Gratiot et al., 2023; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pstr.0000049), which aimed to halve the carbon footprint of a fictitious research team. Approximately 100 CEREGE staff members participated in this serious game.The question then arises: how can we effectively achieve this Environmental Transition while maintaining or even enhancing the quality of professional activities and work-life conditions? To address this, the management team of CEREGE, which has been in operation since January 2024, has integrated eco-responsibility as a key policy guideline and established a new eco-responsibility committee within CEREGE’s organizational structure.To formally validate staff approval of the environmental transition project and initiate a collective approach toward more sustainable research practices, a manifesto for CEREGE’s eco-responsibility was adopted through a vote at the beginning of 2024. Since then, the committee has been conducting a participatory process, applying facilitation principles and collective intelligence tools to ensure that all voices are heard and that decisions are widely accepted by the staff.Moreover, small groups are conducting various experiments to test the effectiveness and feasibility of proposed changes in practices. Examples of these experiments include: 1) adjusting laboratory procedures to reduce consumables and waste, and 2) implementing a carbon quota system for travel and purchases within one of the research teams. At the end of 2024, an eco-responsibility charter was approved by CEREGE staff, achieving high participation (79%) and acceptance rates (77%-97%) for each of the ten commitment articles.In this contribution, we will present this collective experimental approach, explore advantages and challenges, and discuss the initial results regarding its effectiveness in reducing the environmental impacts of CEREGE’s activities.
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Understanding disaster risk: hazard related issues - hydrological risk: flood
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Co-construire la science avec la société : suivi des effets à long terme du changement global sur les estrans rocheux intertidaux avec les sciences participatives
No full textInternational audienceMarine biodiversity is facing unprecedented global changes due to the phenomenon known as “Blue Acceleration,” and addressing this issue is a critical responsibility for human societies. Intertidal areas, particularly rocky shores, are especially vulnerable, as they are located at the interface between land and sea where they experience multiple anthropogenic pressures in addition to extreme variations in natural conditions. These areas are easily accessible, very frequented and deeply rooted in local culture. As such, they present a very promising opportunity to simultaneously investigate the impact of environmental change on intertidal biodiversity and engage human societies in these questions with citizen science programs.We present here the co-construction process of developing an existing citizen science program called BioLit to study the response of gastropod communities on French rocky shores to two drivers of global change (pollution and climate change) with the ESPOIRS project. This project follows a transdisciplinary ecology-sociology approach, involving citizen scientists throughout the whole scientific process with the aim of co-constructing citizen science-based bio-indicators. We implemented this process with two contrasted groups of volunteer citizens which were involved in designing and conceptualizing indicators, formulating their needs and use for such indicators, and tailoring changes in the citizen science protocol and in the sampling schemes to ensure adequate spatio-temporal monitoring effort. These choices vary between drivers of global change, as the investigation of pollution (specifically, eutrophication) requires mainly spatial planning, whereas climate change requires temporal planning. Our work presents a model of open, inclusive and non-top-down science, following a process of joint exploration, with organized meetings bringing together a diverse range of stakeholders. These carry different types of knowledge and value systems, but also different types of normativity depending on their practice, which require reconciliation through collective arbitration. Finally, we offer a reflection on the potential of this approach, rooted in real-world contexts, to promote the sustainability of marine indicators by involving citizens at every stage and simultaneously addressing challenges from data collection to indicator use. We advocate for integrative science that builds on the close interconnection between the ocean and human societies to produce knowledge on marine biodiversity, monitor its changes and enhance ecosystem protection
