366 research outputs found
Labilibacter aurantiacus gen. nov., sp nov., isolated from sea squirt (Styela clava) and reclassification of Saccharicrinis marinus as Labilibacter marinus comb. nov.
No full textA Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, orange-pigmented bacterium, designated HQYD1(T), was isolated from a sea squirt (Styelaclava) and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Morphologically, strain HQYD1(T) exhibited rods with gliding motility. This novel isolate grew optimally at 28 degrees C in the presence of 2-3% (w/v) NaCl. The 16S rRNA gene sequence was most similar to [Saccharicrinis] marinus Y11(T) (96.3 %), followed by Saccharicinis fermentans DSM 9555(T) (93.8 %). The dominant fatty acids of strain HQYD1(T) were identified as C-16 : 0, C-18 : 0 and iso-C-15 : 0. Major polar lipids included an unidentified lipid and a phospholipid. The major respiratory quinone was found to be MK-7, and the genomic DNA G+C content was determined to be 35.1 mol%. Based on evidence from this taxonomic study, a novel genus, Labilibacter gen. nov., is proposed in the family Marinilabiliaceae with type species Labilibacter aurantiacus sp. nov. The type strain of the type species is HQYD1(T) (=MCCC 1K02304(T)=KCTC 42583(T)). As [Saccharicrinis] marinus Y11(T) clustered phylogenetically with strain HQYD1(T), we also propose [Saccharicrinis] marinus Y11(T) be reclassified as Labilibacter marinus comb. nov. (type strain Y11(T)=CICC 10837(T)=KCTC 42400(T))
High Tolerance of Hydrogenothermus marinus to Sodium Perchlorate
No full textOn Mars, significant amounts (0.4–0.6%) of perchlorate ions were detected in dry soil by the Phoenix Wet Chemistry Laboratory and later confirmed with the Mars Science Laboratory. Therefore, the ability of Hydrogenothermus marinus, a desiccation tolerant bacterium, to survive and grow in the presence of perchlorates was determined. Results indicated that H. marinus was able to tolerate concentrations of sodium perchlorate up to 200 mM (www.frontiersin.org 1.6%) during cultivation without any changes in its growth pattern. After the addition of up to 440 mM (www.frontiersin.org 3.7%) sodium perchlorate, H. marinus showed significant changes in cell morphology; from single motile short rods to long cell chains up to 80 cells. Furthermore, it was shown that the known desiccation tolerance of H. marinus is highly influenced by a pre-treatment with different perchlorates; additive effects of desiccation and perchlorate treatments are visible in a reduced survival rate. These data demonstrate that thermophiles, especially H. marinus, have so far, unknown high tolerances against cell damaging treatments and may serve as model organisms for future space experiments
Complete genome sequence of Staphylothermus marinus Stetter and Fiala 1986 type strain F1
No full textStaphylothermus marinus Fiala and Stetter 1986 belongs to the order Desulfurococcales within the archaeal phylum Crenarchaeota. S. marinus is a hyperthermophilic, sulfur-dependent, anaerobic heterotroph. Strain F1 was isolated from geothermally heated sediments at Vulcano, Italy, but S. marinus has also been isolated from a hydrothermal vent on the East Pacific Rise. We report the complete genome of S. marinus strain F1, the type strain of the species. This is the fifth reported complete genome sequence from the order Desulfurococcales
Immunocytochemical localization of thyroglobulin in the endostyle of the anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L
No full textThyroglobulin (TG) was localized in the endostyle of the anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L. by means of the unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical method. TG was found localized on the apical surface and within the cytoplasm of type 2c and 3 cells and in some type 5 cells. By identifying the cells of the endostyle immunocytochemically it may be possible to study more readily the events of endostylar transformation during metamorphosis
History of the Old Dutch Church at Totowa, Paterson, New Jersey, 1755 to 1827: with Baptismal Register 1756-1808
No full textHistory of the church which was located at what is now Ryle Avenue, Paterson. Description of the church buildings and historical anecdotes. Biography of first pastor, Dominie David Marinus, who was the first person ordained by the Coetus, founding body of the Reformed Church in America. Members of original consistory, and lists of pew holders from 1816 and circa 1821. Transcription of original call for pastor, in Dutch, from 1756, and baptismal register, in Dutch and English, from 1756-1808.200 copies printe
Quantitative proteomics shows extensive remodeling induced by nitrogen limitation in Prochlorococcus marinus SS120
No full textProchlorococcus requires the capability to accommodate to environmental changes in order to proliferate in oligotrophic oceans, in particular regarding nitrogen availability. A precise knowledge of the composition and changes in the proteome can yield fundamental insights into such a response. Here we report a detailed proteome analysis of the important model cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus SS120 after treatment with azaserine, an inhibitor of ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase (GOGAT), to simulate extreme nitrogen starvation. In total, 1,072 proteins, corresponding to 57% of the theoretical proteome, were identified - the maximum proteome coverage obtained for any Prochlorococcus strain thus far. Spectral intensity, calibrated quantification by the Hi3 method, was obtained for 1,007 proteins. Statistically significant changes (P value of II and PipX were decreased, and the global nitrogen regulator NtcA was upregulated. Furthermore, our data for Prochlorococcus indicate that NtcA also participates in the regulation of photosynthesis. Prochlorococcus responds to the lack of nitrogen by slowing down translation, while inducing photosynthetic cyclic electron flow and biosynthesis of proteins involved in nitrogen uptake and assimilation
Characterization of a thermophilic 4-O-β-d-mannosyl-d-glucose phosphorylase fromRhodothermus marinus
No full text4-O-β-d-Mannosyl-d-glucose phosphorylase (MGP), found in anaerobes, converts 4-O-β-d-mannosyl-d-glucose (Man-Glc) to α-d-mannosyl phosphate and d-glucose. It participates in mannan metabolism with cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE), which converts β-1,4-mannobiose to Man-Glc. A putative MGP gene is present in the genome of the thermophilic aerobe Rhodothermus marinus (Rm) upstream of the gene encoding CE. Konjac glucomannan enhanced production by R. marinus of MGP, CE, and extracellular mannan endo-1,4-β-mannosidase. Recombinant RmMGP catalyzed the phosphorolysis of Man-Glc through a sequential bi–bi mechanism involving ternary complex formation. Its molecular masses were 45 and 222 kDa under denaturing and nondenaturing conditions, respectively. Its pH and temperature optima were 6.5 and 75 °C, and it was stable between pH 5.5–8.3 and below 80 °C. In the reverse reaction, RmMGP had higher acceptor preferences for 6-deoxy-d-glucose and d-xylose than R. albus NE1 MGP. In contrast to R. albus NE1 MGP, RmMGP utilized methyl β-d-glucoside and 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol as acceptor substrates
Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical localization of thyroglobulin in the thyroid gland of the anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L., during its upstream migration
No full textAntibodies made against thyroglobulin (TG) were used in an immunocytochemical study for the light and electron microscopic localization of TG in the thyroid gland of the anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, during its upstream migration. TG was found in the follicular lumen and in some colloid droplets within the follicular cells. Except for an immunoreactive product observed in a small portion of the interstitial connective tissue, the location of TG in the lamprey was similar to that in the thyroid of the rat
Serum thyroxine concentrations in larval and metamorphosing anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L
No full textThyroxine (T4) concentrations in samples of fresh sera taken from fed and unfed larval (ammocoetes) and metamorphosing anadromous sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) were measured by means of radioimmunoassay. T4 levels in unfed ammocoetes after a 1-month period were not significantly different from those of the fed ammocoetes. Nutritional state of ammocoetes therefore does not seem to affect their serum T4 levels. Serum T4 concentrations decreased abruptly at the onset of metamorphosis and declined to levels observed in spawing adults (Leloup and Hardy, '76; Packard et al., '76) by the middle (stage 3) of metamorphosis. No significant change in serum T4 levels occurred between stage 3 to the end of metamorphosis. The possible significance of decline in serum T4 levels to the metamorphic event in lamprey is discussed
The complete genome sequence of <it>Staphylothermus marinus </it>reveals differences in sulfur metabolism among heterotrophic Crenarchaeota
No full textAbstract Background Staphylothermus marinus is an anaerobic, sulfur-reducing peptide fermenter of the archaeal phylum Crenarchaeota. It is the third heterotrophic, obligate sulfur reducing crenarchaeote to be sequenced and provides an opportunity for comparative analysis of the three genomes. Results The 1.57 Mbp genome of the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeote Staphylothermus marinus has been completely sequenced. The main energy generating pathways likely involve 2-oxoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductases and ADP-forming acetyl-CoA synthases. S. marinus possesses several enzymes not present in other crenarchaeotes including a sodium ion-translocating decarboxylase likely to be involved in amino acid degradation. S. marinus lacks sulfur-reducing enzymes present in the other two sulfur-reducing crenarchaeotes that have been sequenced – Thermofilum pendens and Hyperthermus butylicus. Instead it has three operons similar to the mbh and mbx operons of Pyrococcus furiosus, which may play a role in sulfur reduction and/or hydrogen production. The two marine organisms, S. marinus and H. butylicus, possess more sodium-dependent transporters than T. pendens and use symporters for potassium uptake while T. pendens uses an ATP-dependent potassium transporter. T. pendens has adapted to a nutrient-rich environment while H. butylicus is adapted to a nutrient-poor environment, and S. marinus lies between these two extremes. Conclusion The three heterotrophic sulfur-reducing crenarchaeotes have adapted to their habitats, terrestrial vs. marine, via their transporter content, and they have also adapted to environments with differing levels of nutrients. Despite the fact that they all use sulfur as an electron acceptor, they are likely to have different pathways for sulfur reduction.</p
- …
