224 research outputs found
Spatial pattern of chloroplast DNA variation of Cyclobalanopsis glauca in Taiwan and east Asia.
No full textEvidence for the existence of some dissociation in an otherwise strong linkage disequilibrium between mitochondrial and chloroplastic genomes in Cyclobalanopsis glauca.
No full textProduction of bioethanol from sago hampas via Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF)
Full text linkHuang CH, Adeni DSA, Johnny Q, Vincent M. 2018. Production of bioethanol from sago hampas via Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF). Nusantara Bioscience 10: 240-245. Sago hampas is an inexpensive, renewable and abundant agro-industrial residue that can be exploited to produce bioethanol. In this study, ethanol production was performed via simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) on fresh sago hampas at 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5% (w/v) feedstock loadings with the aid of amylolytic enzymes, cellulolytic enzymes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, under anaerobic condition for five days with a constant agitation of 150 rpm and ambient temperature. Results obtained indicated that SSF with 5.0% (w/v) sago hampas loading produced the
highest ethanol yield at 17.79 g/L (79.65% Theoretical Ethanol Yield, TEY), while SSF using 2.5% and 7.5% (w/v) sago hampas produced ethanol at only 8.38 g/L (75.00% TEY) and 23.28 g/L (69.48% TEY), respectively. Total biomass reduction was recorded between 66.3% to 71.3% by the end of the SSF period. This study demonstrated that fresh sago hampas is a promising feedstock for
bioethanol production as yields are generally high for all the substrate loadings tested. Moreover, bioethanol production using fresh sago hampas may assist in reducing pollution caused by sago waste accumulation
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity-related symptoms among children with enterovirus 71 infection of the central nervous system
No full textSimultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of non-starch polysaccharides and starch from fresh tuber of Canna edulis ker at a high solid content for ethanol production
No full textCanna edulis ker is a potential feedstock for ethanol production because of its low nutrition requirements and the high starch content of its tubers. The processing of C. edulis is limited by the high viscosity of the biomass. In this study, cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) containing acid xylanase and beta-glucanase were successful in reducing the viscosity (from 167.30 Pa s to 8.66 Pa s) at 50 degrees C for 120 min. The effect of CWDEs on simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was investigated. Addition of CWDEs before SSF, resulted in an increase in total sugar and fermentable sugar. Meanwhile, the viscosity decreased sharply from approximately 200.00 Pa s to 2.98 Pa s, thereby improving the fermentation parameters and the mass fraction of the theoretical ethanol yield was 94.5%. Only special demand of nutritional ingredients was nitrogen, urea at 750 mg kg (1) was found to be suitable for this purpose. In the verification experiments, the mass fraction of the theoretical ethanol yield in a 5 L fermentor was 98.3%. In conclusion, the pretreatment with CWDEs has significant effect on high level ethanol production using roots and tubers on an industrial scale from the biomass utilization efficiency and economic standpoint. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Differentiating and Investigating Acute and Chronic Typologies of Suicidal Patients Using Quantitative and Qualitative Suicide Status Form (SSF) Responses
No full textDegree awarded: Ph.D. Psychology. The Catholic University of AmericaThis dissertation can be viewed by CUA users only.The Suicide Status Form (SSF) was developed by Jobes and colleagues (1997) to provide a standardized, clinically useful multipurpose assessment, treatment, and tracking clinical tool for suicidal patients. Research conducted using the SSF to date has pursued a larger effort within suicidology to study and potentially identify specific typologies of suicidal patents (e.g., chronic vs. acute), who may have uniquely different clinical presentations and responses to treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of the two quantitatively derived factor loadings of the "Core SSF Assessment" recently identified by Conrad et al (2009) that differentiated chronic (Factor 1) and acute (Factor 2) styles of responding to the SSF. Following this work, the current study attempted to explore the phenomenological differences between these two different suicidal presentations using qualitative data from three sections from the SSF: (a) the Core SSF Assessment, (b) the qualitative "Reasons for Living vs. Reasons for Dying Assessment," and (c) the qualitative "One Thing" Assessment. In this study, two experts in clinical suicidology classified 97 suicidal inpatients as chronically or acutely suicidal based on demographic, diagnostic, and suicidal attempt history data. This expert sort yielded n=39 individuals classified as chronically suicidal, with n=58 classified as acutely suicidal. Based on this sort, logistic regression analyses were performed using the quantitative rating responses from the Core SSF Assessment to determine if the previously identified two factors from Conrad et al (2009) study were indeed significant predictors of expert rated chronic vs. acute suicidality, respectively. High SSF rating scores on the empirically derived Factor 1 loading were found to significantly predict the expert sorted chronic cases; however SSF rating scores pertaining to the Factor 2 loading did not predict expert sorted acute cases. Additional chi-square statistics demonstrated that interpersonal concerns appeared to be particularly meaningful for both chronically and acutely suicidal individuals, and were observed to contribute to both suicidal states and life-sustaining beliefs. These seemingly contradictory findings raise a paradox for the suicidal individual, where the very relationships that can give an individual reason to live, can also seem to motivate a person towards suicide.Submitted by Shanyun Zhang ([email protected]) on 2013-05-09T17:02:05Z
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Previous issue date: 2010-01-0
Hydrodynamic Study of a Suction Stabilized Float (SSF)
Full text linkabstract: In this work, the hydrodynamics of Suction Stabilization is studied. Suction stabilization was found to stabilize floating platforms/floats in a much better way as compared to the conventional methods. This was achieved by an effective increment in the metacentric height due to the Inverse Slack Tank (IST) effect. The study involves the analysis of the existing designs and optimizing its performance. This research investigates the stability of such floats and the hydrodynamic forces acting on the same for offshore applications, such as wind turbines. A simple mathematical model for the condition of parametric resonance is developed and the results are verified, both analytically and experimentally.Dissertation/ThesisReal time working of SSF in heavy wind and rain conditionsAnimation explaining working of SSFExperiment with patio umbrella mounted on SSFMasters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 201
Biodegradation of Haloacetic Acids in Water Treatment Processes
No full textFormation and degradation of haloacetic acids (HAAs) in Tai Lake Water Treatment Plant (WTP) in Kin-Men County, Taiwan, were evaluated in this study. The results showed that formation of HAAs after chlorination is a fast process. Due to the presence of fairly high organic precursors in the raw water, a large amount of HAAs (up to 80 g/L in summer) was formed after addition of the pre-chlorine, and only a small portion of the HAAs was removed during the coagulation , flotation, and rapid filtration units . However, more than 80% of HAAs were removed in slow sand filtration (SSF ) unit. Laboratory batch filtration tests showed that the HAAs can not be effectively removed by conventional coagulation and filtration treatments. However, the HAAs in water was effectively removed by biodegradation in batch biodegradation tests using filter sands taken from the top of the SSF unit in Tai Lake WTP. For comparison with the results obtained in batch experiments, simulated SSF systems were also installed in laboratory to evaluate the effects of biodegradation for HAAs removal in filter columns. Results of parallel laboratory SSF column tests showed that HAAs was quickly degraded when the simulated SSFs have been operated for a suitable time to allow the microbial growth on the sand surface. In both batch and simulated SSF biodegradation treatments, the biodegradation rates for HAAs decreased as the number of halogen atoms increased. The results in this study demonstrated that biological degradation is the major mechanism responsible for HAAs removal in the SSF units
Valorization of Citrus Reticulata Peels for Flavonoids and Antioxidant Enhancement by Solid-State Fermentation Using <i>Aspergillus niger</i> CGMCC 3.6189
No full textThe bioactive components and bioactivities of citrus peel can be enhanced with microbial fermentation. Accordingly, this study investigated the ability of Aspergillus niger CGMCC3.6189 to accumulate flavonoids in Citrus reticulata peel powder (CRPP) by solid-state fermentation (SSF). Under the optimal SSF conditions including 80% moisture, 30 °C, pH 4.0, 4 × 107 spores/g d.w. CRPP, and 192 h, the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activities of fermented CRPP significantly increased by 70.0, 26.8, 64.9, and 71.6%, respectively. HPLC analysis showed that after fermentation, the contents of hesperidin, nobiletin, and tangeretin were significantly increased from 19.36, 6.31, and 2.91 mg/g to 28.23, 7.78, and 3.49 mg/g, respectively, while the contents of ferulic acid and narirutin were decreased under the optimal fermentation conditions. Fermentation time is one of the most important factors that affect the accumulation of flavonoids and antioxidant activity; however, extended fermentation time increased the darkness of CRPP color. Therefore, our study provides a feasible and effective SSF method to increase the bioactive components and the antioxidant activity of CRPP that may be used in food, nutraceutical, and medicinal industries
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of potato starch wastewater to lactic acid by Rhizopus oryzae and Rhizopus arrhizus
No full textCopyright © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.The biochemical kinetic of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) for lactic acid production by fungal species of Rhizopus arrhizus 36017 and Rhizopus oryzae 2062 was studied with respect to growth pH, temperature and substrate. Both R. arrhizus 36017 and R. oryzae 2062 had a capacity to carry out a single stage SSF process for lactic acid production from potato starch wastewater. The kinetic characteristics, termed as starch hydrolysis, accumulation of reducing sugars, lactic acid production and fungal biomass formation, were affected with variations in pH, temperature, and starch source and concentration. A growth condition with starch concentration approximately 20 g/l at pH 6.0 and 30 °C was favourable for both starch saccharification and lactic acid fermentation, resulting in lactic acid yield of 0.85–0.92 g/g associated with 1.5–3.5 g/l fungal biomass produced in 36–48 h fermentation. R. arrhizus 36017 had a higher capacity to produce lactic acid, while R. oryzae 2062 produced more fungal biomass under similar conditions.Li Ping Huang, Bo Jin, Paul Lant and Jiti Zhouhttp://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600804/description#descriptio
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