3,277 research outputs found
Elemental characteristics of surface suspended particulates off the Changjiang estuary during the 1998 flood
No full textA criterion for identifying Asian dust events based on Al concentration data collected from northern Taiwan between 2002 and early 2007
No full text
Natural Variation of the Circadian Clock in Neurospora
No full textMost living organisms on earth experience daily and expected changes from the rotation of the earth. For an organism, the ability to predict and prepare for incoming stresses or resources is a very important skill for survival. This cellular process of measuring daily time of the day is collectively called the circadian clock. Because of its fundamental role in survival in nature, there is a great interest in studying the natural variation of the circadian clock. However, characterizing the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying natural variation of circadian clocks remains a challenging task. In this chapter, we will summarize the progress in studying natural variation of the circadian clock in the successful eukaryotic model Neurospora, which led to discovering many design principles of the molecular mechanisms of the eukaryotic circadian clock. Despite the success of the system in revealing the molecular mechanisms of the circadian clock, Neurospora has not been utilized to extensively study natural variation. We will review the challenges that hindered the natural variation studies in Neurospora, and how they were overcome. We will also review the advantages of Neurospora for natural variation studies. Since Neurospora is the model fungal species for circadian study, it represents over 5 million species of fungi on earth. These fungi play important roles in ecosystems on earth, and as such Neurospora could serve as an important model for understanding the ecological role of natural variation in fungal circadian clocks.Advances in Genetics, Vol. 99
Corrigendum to “A generic multi-level framework for microscopic traffic simulation with automated vehicles in mixed traffic” [Transport. Res. Part C: Emerg. Technol. 110 (2020) 291–311] (Transportation Research Part C (2020) 110 (291–311), (S0968090X19304322), (10.1016/j.trc.2019.11.019))
No full textThe authors regret that a contributing author was missing from the list of authors. The complete list of authors should be: “S.C. Calvert, B. van Arem, & J. W. C. van Lint”. All are with Delft University of Technology, Department of Transport & Planning, The Netherlands updated as above. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.Transport and Plannin
(13(3):38-43)化學元素對作物病原菌之影響第二報 Hg, Ni, Sn, Pb, Fe, Al 等元素對稻熱病及稻紋枯病菌發育之影響
No full textThe effects of some inorganic saltes on the growth of rice blast and sheath spot fungi were investigated. Among the salts tested, HgCl2 shows the strongest fung-icidic effect. Nickel salts also has inhibitory effects on both fungi, but the effect decreases rapidly as the concentration is decreased.
Ferrous- and lead-salts at 10-3 mol concentration inhibit slightly the growth of rice blast fungus, while Al- and Sn—salts show little effect. Aluminum- and lead- salts seem to affect the density of mycelium of sheath spot fungus, but Fe-and Sn-salts show no effect.
In both [previous and [present experiments, chlorides are most effective for inhibiting the growth of both fungi.
Fungicidal effects of the salts so far tested on rice blast fungus decreases in the following order:
Cd>Hg>Co>Cu>Ni>Zn>Fe>Pb>Al>Sn>Mn
The order for sheath spot fungus is as Follows:
Cd>Hg>Co>Ni>Cu>Zn>Al>Pb>Fe>Sn>Mn
為明瞭各種化學元素對作物病原菌發育之影響如何，而舉辦本試驗。所得結果，希望可供為農藥資源開發及植病防治上之參考資料。
在本試驗之第一報，曾使用 Cd, Co, Cu, Zn，及Mn等五種重金屬元素為材料並已報告(1)，故本試驗仍依照第一報之設計及方法，繼續檢討 Hg, Ni, Sn, Pb, Fe，及AI等元素對稻熱病菌及稻紋枯病菌發育之影響。玆將所得之結果摘錄如下：
(l） 本試驗使用之六種元素中，氯化汞對稻熱病菌及稻紋枯病菌發育之抑制力最強。
(2) Ni化合物在10-3 Mol 濃度時，能抑制稻熱病菌及稻紋枯病菌之發育。
(3) Pb及Fe兩元素在10-3 Mol濃度時稻熱病菌菌絲之發育稍有影響，但AI及Sn在10-3濃度時仍無任何影響。
(4) AI及Pb在10-3 Mol濃度時對稻紋枯病菌菌絲發育密度有抑制現象。但Fe與Sn對菌絲密度之影響並不顯著。
(5）本試驗採用之三種鹽類中，以氯化物之抑制力最大。此與第一報之結果相同。
(6）本試驗使用之六種元素，對稻熱病菌之發育抑制力之順序是 Hg > Ni > Fe > Pb > AI > Sn，而對稻紋桔病菌之順序則是 Hg > Ni > AI > Pb > Fe > Sn ，兩者因病原菌之不同略有差異
(7(2):1-5)EFFECT OF FERTILIZERS ON THE OCCURRENCE OF BLAST DISEASE AND ITS CONTROL (1) Experiment Results on Rice Nursery
No full text為明瞭稻作施用三要素方法對于稻苗稻熱病發生以及其藥劑防治效果而舉行此試驗：
茲將其主要結果列舉如後：
(一) 當秧田施肥時，維持三要素之適當比率者，則可減輕稻苗稻熱病之發生，同時亦可增加稻熱病藥劑防治之效果。
(二) 對于稻熱病之發生，氮之影響最為顯著，即示正比例之傾向，而燐之影響不顯著，鉀則稍有抑制稱熱病發生之效果。
(三) 無論何種施肥情形下，稻熱病藥劑作為預防者，都較作為治療之效果為佳。
This expriment was carried out to obtain the relation between the application of fertilizers and the occurrence of rice blast or the effects of fungicidal control.
Some essential results are summarized as follows:
(1) The different level of three essential elements of fertilizers in suitable ratio could reduce the disease incidance and increase the fungicidal effects when they were applied to the rice nursery.
(2) The occurrence of blast disease were most pronounced with a increase in nitrogen level. Phosphorus did not show prominent influence upon the disease development, whereas potassium tended slightly to increase the seedlings resistant to blast infection. (3) Under any different level of elements applied, the dusting with Ceresan-ljme for the protection is better than eradication purpose
(Bulletin No.12) An Investigation On The Customary Rates Of Fertilizers And Manures On The Various Crops In Taiwan
No full textInvited comments on “Bioequivalence trials, intersection-union tests and equivalence confidences sets by R.L. Berger and J.C. Hsu"
No full text(10(4):47-52)EFFECT OF CHEMICAL ELEMNTS ON THE GROWTH OF CROP PATHOGENS 1. Effect of Cd、Co、Cu、Zn and Mn on the fungi of rice blast and shesth spot diseases
No full text著者等為明瞭各種化學元素，對植物病原菌發育之影響而舉辦本試驗，並希望本資料能供抗病原理研究之參考；另一方面祈能成為新殺菌藥劑發現上之基木資料。又本試臉採用Cd、Co、Cu、Zn、Mn 等五種金屬之硫酸鹽、硝酸鹽、氯化物等三種鹽類共十五種化合物。並以稻熱病菌及稻紋枯病菌為試驗對象，將其主要結果事項列舉如下：
(1）本試驗採用之五種元素中以Cd對稻熱病菌及稻紋枯病菌之發育抑制力最為顯著。
(2）Co及 Zn兩元素在10-3Mol 時，亦有抑制稻熱病菌及稱紋枯病菌之發育。
(3）在本試驗之三種銅鹽類中，除CuCl2有抑制稻熱病菌及稻紋枯病菌之發育外，其他鹽類均無顯著之抑制作用。
(4）據本試驗之觀察 Mn 稍有促進發育之傾向。
(5）三種鹽類之中以氯化物之毒性為最強。
(6）對稻熱病菌發育抑制力之順位是 Cd > Co > Cu > Zn > Mn 而對稻紋枯病菌卻是 Cd > Co > Zn > Cu > Mn 之順位。
In order to clarify the influence of chemical elements (Cd、Co、Cu、Zn and Mn) upon the growth of Pirioularia orvzae Cay. and Corticium Sasakii (Shirai) Matsumoto et Yamamoto, this experiment was made. The results will be summarized as follows:
1. It was found that Cd is one of the most toxic element to the growth of both fungi deseribed above.
2. When treated with concentration 10-3Mol., Co and Zn were toxic to the growth of fungi, but no effect was found when treated with less than 10-3Mo1.
3. It was found the copper chloride showed significant effect on the growth of fungi but not for other copper compounds under the concentration of this experiment.
4. Mn was found to promote the growth of fungi under condition of the present experiment.
5. Chloride salt was found to be the most toxic to the fungi within three kinds of salt used.
6. The order of inhibition of chemical elements on the growth of Pirioularia oryzae was found to be Cd>Co>Cu>Zn>Mn, and that of Cortium Sasakii was Cd> Co>Zn>Cu>Mn
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