1,720,953 research outputs found
The Political Economy of the Management and Supervision of the Public Service Pension Fund in Taiwan （1995－2009）
No full text我國公務人員退休撫卹基金，含括軍、公、政、教等不同身分別人員。自1995年7 月成立以來，不斷遭各界質疑的問題，包括：一、基金提撥費率偏低；二、基金營運績效欠佳；三、基金管理與監督隸屬同一體系；四、相關人員退休條件過於寬鬆；五、國庫撥補及保證收益制度，影響國家整體資源分配；六、政府承擔退撫基金最終支付責任，致有鉅額潛藏負債；七、退撫基金含括不同身分別人員，卻未分別提撥合理費率；八、管理委員會、監理委員會委員之代表性及專業性是否適足等問題。
本研究爰就退撫基金之形成、運作與變遷，從歷史政經脈絡、制度功能及組織結構等面向，探討其在管理運作與監督所面臨之上述問題，並參考其他國家經驗，檢視探討未來應加強之方向；經綜合提出下列建議意見：一、積極規劃調增退撫基金提撥費率，以有效解決基金財務困境；二、強化退撫基金之管理營運，以有效提昇基金運作績效；三、積極檢討退撫基金管理及監理組織結構，暨強化委員會委員之適任性，以有效增進組織運作機能；四、積極檢討國庫撥補及保證收益制度，以提昇整體資源運用效益；五、持續檢討公務人員退休條件及退撫基金費率結構，以有效解決潛藏負債問題。The Taiwan Public Service Pension Fund was defined by different levels of government staff and included all. Since the start of this program in July, 1995, it has been questioned in all its aspects, including : (1) the contribution rates of the fund were low for participants, (2) the performance of fund management and operation was inefficient and ineffective, (3) the management and supervision of the fund were parts of the same system, (4) the retirement conditions prescribed in the Government Employees Retirement Law were not explicit, (5) funding by the treasury and the profit guarantee system affecting resource allocation, (6) the final responsibility of paying the pension fund lies on the government, implying a huge amount of underfunded liability, (7) the pension fund covered different kinds of personnel such as military personnel, public servants, educators, and others, but there was no difference in rates for the different retirement conditions, and (8) the questions on the capability, qualification, and professionalism of the members of the management board and the supervisory board.
This study explores the issues of the foundation, operation, and transition of the pension fund as mentioned above, with respect to historical, political, and economical contexts, system functions, organizational structure, and recommendations from other countries. The following are items that should be improved in the future: (1) actively planning for adding different pension fund contribution rates, (2) improving the management and operation of the pension fund in order to effectively increase the performance of operating fund, (3) actively reviewing the management of the pension fund and the structure of the supervisory organization in order to make sure all the members are capable and qualified to effectively improve the operational mechanism of the organization, (4) actively reviewing the national treasury appropriation and the profit guarantee system in order to increase the overall effectiveness of resource usage, and (5) continuously reviewing public servants’ retirement conditions and pension fund rate structure in order to effectively solve the potential liability problem
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
