1,720,953 research outputs found
論行政法人的建制-以民主正當性理論與責任政治原則為中心
No full text以效能、彈性、專業與去政治化為建制理念的行政法人制度，在我國乃是一項全新的制度。雖然，行政法人建制的背景符合我國的需求，特別是為了因應全球化的競爭壓力，期以公私混合的彈性組織，結合民間力量、發揮效率，並且迅速回應國際競爭壓力。但是，行政法人建制卻引起各界諸多質疑。同時，此等質疑的焦點乃是集中在對於行政法人的民主正當性與責任監督不足之關切。從而，在經過進一步探討這些質疑背後原由，本文歸納出這些質疑往往陷入傳統憲政主義的窠臼。亦即，狹隘地以代議民主為中心的傳統民主原則，以及以國會監督為本位的責任政治原則來檢視行政法人建制。
然而，本文發現，傳統的代議民主與責任政治原則已經逐漸地產生變動。首先，民主正當性理論的變遷乃是從獨尊國會民主正當性的傳送帶理論，到主張行政權自有正當性而毋庸依賴國會傳送的專業理論、參與理論、尊嚴理論、新民主理念、憲政民主正當性理論，以及全球化觀點的民主正當性理論。其次，以國會監督本位的責任政治原則，其內涵亦逐漸發生變遷。亦即，從傳統偏向紅燈理論、權力限制論、層級節制與責任監督等對於行政權採取限制權力的面向，逐漸轉向綠燈理論、議題整合論、績效課責、管理效率等強調提升行政權的效率與效能，甚至，責任政治原則與新民主原則結合。亦即，主張決策過程應更為透明公開、有更多參與暨論辯。因此，要求行政法人必須有國會立法傳送民主正當性，以及須由國會直接監督行政法人已非必然。
所以，在新的民主與責任理論的基礎上。本文希望透過行政法人建制的再形塑，其包括藉由行政法人的透明公開制度、行政法人的參與制度、行政法人的論辯制度、國會仍維持一定的直接與間接監督機制來監督行政法人，以及事後的績效課責的制度與救濟機制。一方面，化解對於行政法人之民主正當性疑義與責任監督不足的質疑，另一方面，能夠提升行政法人的效率和效能。
再者，在本文所論述的新理論與新制度的基礎上，本文乃分別自行政法人的設立規定、行政法人的人事任命制度、行政法人的決策程序、行政法人監督制度等四個面向，檢討目前我國行政法人法草案的制度設計，並且提出應進一步補強與再形塑我國行政法人建制的制度設計，以作為未來的立法建議。最後，本文認為這些制度設計，應該有積極的機關內部文化和主動積極的公民意識作為制度配套，以使行政法人建制運作良善。With the goal of effect, flexibility, profession and depoliticization, administrative corporation is established as an all-new system in our country. Although, the administrative corporation is set up to meet the need of Taiwan's governmental reform, especially for responding the competition pressure of the globalization, which is expected to combine with the civil power, to promote efficiency, and to respond to the international competition pressure quickly through the flexible public and private hybrid organization. However, the administrative corporation has caused the public many queries. Meanwhile, these queries focus on concerns about the democratic legitimacy and accountabilities of the administrative corporation. Thus, through a further study for the reasons of these queries, this text induces that the key reasoning of these concerns is usually to get bogged down in the traditional constitutional government doctrines. That is, narrowly by representative democracy-centered traditional democracy principle, and by the principle of political accountability based on the legislature-supervised to examine the system of administrative corporation.
However, this text detect that, the principle of traditional representative democracy and the principle of political accountability have already produced the fluctuation gradually. Firstly, the theory of democratic legitimacy has changed, which is from focused on the legislature transmits legitimacy to the executive (i.e. transmission belt theory) to focused on claiming that the executive is able to be legitimized from profession, participation, dignitary procedure, new democratic participation, dualist democracy, and the global perspective democratic legitimacy. Secondly, the content of the political accountability principle based on the legislature-supervised also changes gradually. That is, from the dimension that inclines towards restriction on the administrative power to the dimension that inclines towards emphasis on promoting the efficiency and the effect of the administrative power. Even, the political accountability principle combines with the new democracy principle. That is, assert to make the process of policy much more transparent and open, and make much more participation and deliberation in the procedure of policy-making. Therefore, it is unnecessary to insist that by簡 目
1.緒論 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ １
1.1.研究目的與範圍 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ １
1.2.研究限制‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥３
1.3.論文架構與本文論點 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ３
2.行政法人建制的形塑 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ９
2.1.行政法人建制的背景 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ９
2.2.我國行政法人建制的背景‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥１５
2.3.行政法人化政策之提出‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥１７
2.4.行政法人的定義與建制理念‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥２２
2.5.行政法人的法源依據與個案推動現況‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥２６
2.6.行政法人的制度設計‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥２８
2.7.小結‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥３３
3.行政法人建制的質疑‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥３５
3.1.設立行政法人的民主正當性‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥３６
3.2.行政法人行使公權力的民主正當性‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥４０
3.3.行政法人制定規章的民主正當性‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥４１
3.4.行政法人國會監督不足的質疑‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥４４
3.5.質疑歸結：陷入傳統憲政主義的窠臼‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥４６
4.變遷中的民主正當性理論與責任政治原則 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥４８
4.1.變遷中的民主正當性理論‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥４８
4.2.變遷中的責任政治原則‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥５６
4.3.小結‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥６１
5.行政法人建制的再形塑‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥６４
5.1.行政法人的透明公開‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥６４
5.2.行政法人的參與‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥７１
5.3.行政法人的論辯‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥７５
5.4.行政法人向國會負責之機制‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥７６
5.5.替代國會監督的制度‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥７８
5.6.小結‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥８２
6.行政法人法草案的檢討與補強‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥８４
6.1.行政法人設立規定之檢討‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥８４
6.2.行政法人的人事任命制度之檢討‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥８７
6.3.行政法人的決策程序檢討‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥９２
6.4.行政法人監督制度檢討‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥９７
6.5.小結‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥１０４
6.6.制度配套‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥１０５
7.結論與立法建議‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥１０８
7.1.結論‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥１０８
7.2.行政法人法草案的立法建議‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥１０９
參考文獻‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥１１５
附錄‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥１２
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
