1,720,985 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Emotional Meaning Making with Data
Get PDFHow many steps did you take today? Counting steps may seem like a clear-cut number, but this number is embroiled in bigger goals around health, broadly conceived, how we feel about our bodies, behavior, and lifestyle. We engage these issues on a personal level while also influenced by social relationships and societal narratives. Technologies such as step-counters influence what “counts”, or what seems important, valid, or worthwhile. In addition to step counts, other physiological sensors are increasingly embedded in wearables, walls, and furniture, producing data—implicitly deciding what “counts”—about people’s bodies, behaviors, and even claiming to measure thoughts and feelings.My work in this space starts from the simple yet often-overlooked observation that these are embodied social and emotional issues. Considerations of whether people feel OK about their bodies, behavior, lifestyle, and/or health are emotional, social, and embodied, and it would be too limited to only use analytical techniques with data for these considerations. Self-tracking is often touted as leveraging the seeming objectivity and neutrality of data for self-improvement and productivity, but it is important to also consider processes of embodied social and emotional meaning-making tied up in these practices.Furthermore, data-driven categorizations about human bodies and behavior are caught up in problematic biopolitics of dehumanization. Categorization creates ‘others’, margins outside the main categories. Categories are not neutral. They can embed implications around who is normal or abnormal, productive or unproductive, sane or crazy, safe or criminal. At its worst this can contribute to broader historical projects of otherization that treat some people as less than fully human, such as racism, sexism, ableism, or colonialism. My dissertation does not engage a particular axis of marginalization, although I draw from scholars who apply critical race, feminist, disability, and colonial studies to technology and data science. My designs explore tactics for reconceptualizing sensors and data in ways that try to avoid otherization, with some surprisingly positive and negative results.Emotional biosensing is how I refer to a myriad of emergent sensing technologies that measure human bodies and behavior. Emotional biosensing can include counting steps, video, heart rate, skin conductance, brainwaves, breathing, etc., but it does not stop there. Companies such as Affectiva, Spire, Feel, MoodMetrics, and Oura use such data to make claims about how people are feeling. Sometimes the goal is to help people manage their own stress or promote wellbeing. Other times the goal is to report drivers’ road rage to automotive manufacturers, ‘detect’ hostile intent threats at airports, or algorithmically determine job applicants’ suitability for a role. Prevalent approaches in the recent years 2014-2018 have been far too limited, with an emphasis on isolated individuals, discrete emotional states, and never-ending self-improvement. Newer research in the field of Human-Computer Interaction is starting to broaden this space, and my dissertation is part of that change.We need more emotional ways of making meaning with the amassing biosensory data about our behavior, bodies, thoughts, feelings, etc. I explore questions such as,What if designs gave people the agency and authority to make their own meaning based on emotional biosensing?How might data displays support emotional, social, and embodied ways of knowing with emotional biosensing?My work sits at the intersection of human-computer interaction, new media interactive art, and tangible data displays. By leveraging different material qualities and sociocultural associations of dynamic data displays, I design artifacts that invite social, embodied, emotional forms of meaning making with biosensory data. These designs offer critical alternatives to the limited prevalent approaches with emotional biosensing. With my designs, people feel the data on their skin, see it imbue the hues of their clothing, hear data as sound, feel data as vibration. Rather than claiming to ‘detect’ and ‘improve’ how people feel, I set up situations where people form open-ended, social, emotional interpretations about their own and others’ data. The earlier work of my dissertation studies how pairs of friends interpreted color-changing garments they were wearing that responded to their skin conductance. The later work of the dissertation studies how pairs of strangers interpreted the live unfiltered sounds of their hearts emanating from the bench on which they were sitting.My work contributes design tactics for alternative forms of meaning-making with biosensory data. Going beyond a sketch or gallery installation, these speculative designs are explored with real people experiencing fully functional prototypes. Their emotional experiences with and around the technology are not staged. Rather than trying to only imagine what these futures might be like, or what problems might arise, people experiencing my designs have emotional reactions that are often surprising. These experientially grounded speculative designs probe just around the corner to near-future possibilities with biosensing technology. They probe biopolitical issues of seemingly authoritative ways of knowing and suggest radically different visions for living with data
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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