9 research outputs found
The structure of versutoxin (δ-atracotoxin-Hv1) provides insights into the binding of site 3 neurotoxins to the voltage-gated sodium channel
No full textThe structure of versutoxin (delta-atracotoxin-Hv1) provides insights into the binding of site 3 neurotoxins to the voltage-gated sodium channel
No full textBackground: Versutoxin (delta-ACTX-Hv1) is the major component of the venom of the Australian Blue Mountains funnel web spider, Hadronyche versuta. delta-ACTX-Hv1 produces potentially fatal neurotoxic symptoms in primates by slowing the inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels; delta-ACTX-Hv1 is therefore a useful tool for studying sodium channel function. We have determined the three-dimensional structure of delta ACTX-Hv1 as the first step towards understanding the molecular basis of its interaction with these channels. Results: The solution structure of delta-ACTX-Hv1, determined using NMR spectroscopy, comprises a core beta region containing a triple-stranded antiparallel beta sheet, a thumb-like extension protruding from the beta region and a C-terminal 3(10) helix that is appended to the beta domain by virtue of a disulphide bond. The beta region contains a cystine knot motif similar to that seen in other neurotoxic polypeptides. The structure shows homology with mu-agatoxin-l, a spider toxin that also modifies the inactivation kinetics of vertebrate voltage-gated sodium channels. More surprisingly, delta-ACTX-Hv1 shows both sequence and structural homology with gurmarin, a plant polypeptide. This similarity leads us to suggest that the sweet-taste suppression elicited by gurmarin may result from an interaction with one of the downstream ion channels involved in sweet-taste transduction. Conclusions: delta-ACTX-Hv1 shows no structural homology with either sea anemone or alpha-scorpion toxins, both of which also modify the inactivation kinetics of voltage-gated sodium channels by interacting with channel recognition site 3. However, we have shown that delta-ACTX-Hv1 contains charged residues that are topologically related to those implicated in the binding of sea anemone and alpha-scorpion toxins to mammalian voltage-gated sodium channels, suggesting similarities in their mode of interaction with these channels
The molecular genetics of bipolar affective disorder : South African populations, endophenotypes, and environmental influence
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.The identification of the genetic variants underpinning bipolar disorder (BPD) has been impeded by a complex pattern of inheritance that may include by genetic heterogeneity, genetic epistasis, gene-environment interactions, incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. In this thesis three strategies were employed to ameliorate these confounding factors. The first strategy was to focus on a theoretically genetically-homogeneous population with BPD. A unique South African sample including 190 individuals of the relativity reproductively-isolated Afrikaner population yielded promising evidence of linkage to chromosome 1 q31-32 and weaker peaks at lOq23 and 13q32, regions previously implicated in the disorder. A family-based analysis suggested that the 3' variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) variant of the dopamine transporter gene (DAT) is associated with bipolar-spectrum illness in the 132-strong sample of British ancestry. The second strategy was to carry out genetic linkage and association analyses using quantitative traits (elldophenotypes) that were closely associated with BPD. As part of this process a variety of personality traits were evaluated in the cohort, and anxiety related, novelty-seeking, hyperthymic, and cyclothymic personality traits were found to aggregate in participants with BPD and to a lesser extent repeated unipolar illness (MDE-R). These traits were therefore used as quantitative markers or endophenotypes of BPD. The quantitative linkage analysis indicated that a variant in the region of 13q32 may influence the development of novelty-seeking-related traits in the largest Afrikaner pedigree, while the personality trait, ""Stability"", was weakly linked to 4p16 in the total sample. The catechol-o-methytransferase (COM1) Va1l58Mct and the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Va1l66Met polymorphisms were associated with mood-labile-cyclothymic and hyperthymic·-novelty-seeking traits, respectively. the DA T VNTR and the Notch4 exonic repeat variants were associated with a broad range of ""pathological"" personality traits in the sa11lples of British and Afrikaner origin, respectively. The sample was also evaluated with a battery of neuropsychological tasks and the BPD 1 and MDE-R groups displayed both verbal and visual memory recall deficits while the BPD 1 sample also suffered from recognition memory deficits. The neurocognitive trait, ""Memory"" was therefore used as a second endophenotype generating potential linkage signals on IOq23 and 22q 11. The exonic 48bp VNTR polymorphism in the dopamine 4 receptor (DRD4) gene was associated with '""Memory"" performance. As a third strategy, a potentially important aetiological factor, childhood trauma, was measured, and used to test for gene-environment interactions between the various candidate genes and bipolar-illness or BPD-related endophenotypes in the cohort. BPD and M DE-R individuals displayed significantly higher levels of emotional and physical abuse, and the former variable was also associated with the development of anxiety-related and unstable personality traits. A functional variant of the COM1 gene was found to interact with abuse to predispose to anxiety-related, unstable cyclothymic and novelty-seeking related personality traits. The combination of childhood abuse and possession of low-activity MAO-A gene variants was also associated the development of more anxious and unstable personality traits. All interaction between sexual abuse and the B])NF gene modulated performance on verbal and visual memory tasks. A similar interaction between the ApoE gene and sexual abuse was observed. Although a number of theoretical obstacles remain to be resolved, the analyses of isolated populations coupled with the use of endophenotypes and the testing or gene environment interactions, holds out great promise for the eventual elucidation of the genetic basis of hi polar affective disorder
0002
No full textTHE DAILY PALO ALTO TIMES^
SCHOOL BOOKS
Our patrons are reminded that all the wholesale dealers In
school books and school supplies were burned out in San
Francisco. As yet only one firm has been re-established on
a partial scale. Despite these drawbacks, we will be able to
take care of our regular business. Stocks have been purchased in New York and Chicago. Every effort will be made
to anticipate your needs, and to supply the goods when
needed.
NEW STORE
Painters and carpenters may be in the way a little for a
while, but after you get in once you will see that the store
has been restored in better shape than it was before its destruction in April. We have been here fourteen vears, and
if you are a stranger we want to give you the benefit of our
experience In furnishing the goods you need and at the correct price. We want to know you.
H. W. SIMKINS
Bookseller and Stationer
M4MM »«
CHOCOLATE AND CARAMEL
THESE ARE DAINTIES LOVERS PRIZE;
WHO WOULD SPEED HIS WOOING WELL-
BE SHE PEASANT MAID OR BELLE-
NEEDS BU7' TO BE CANDY-WISE.
CARAMEL AND CHOCOLATE
THESE TO COURTING ADD A ZEST;
HE HAT SAFELY BRAVE HIS FATE
WHO HAS LAND-MARKED EVERT "DATE"
with box of Wilson's Best
MM>»«I»»*
WILL WED MD
SAVE LEGAC;
C frill Kl\L KM M Kit LI NO T
STAItT WK8T TO CARRY OUT
POVIHION OK WILL.
♦Beorge Gregory Denies All Know I
*■!.;■ of lite H. |-almi.- Of Young
Woman to Become llrldc.
Johnstown. Pa., Sept. 26.—Goorg
Gregory ol Cenervllle, Cal., wilt no.
lose bts legacy, although his latin ; •
will stipulate* that he marry Oath*
erln" Emmerllug of Johnstown, Pa.
before he could Inherit the fortu::
Although Gregory Sr. died but* 0
month ago. Miss Emmerllnit has already made up her mind lo act In.
mediately nnd will leave for Col.'
fornlit tonight.
Mlku> Emnierllng Is an ncrov
pllrilivd Boeleiy woman of this el'
and Ii acting" under the full cons...
of her father, John Em merlin*,, .
wenliliy brewer.
At the Emmcrltng mansion no d-
nit. statement will be given Ngv !
tin: Minx Kmmerllng's plans, and i
was from one of her college frleti
that It was learned that she woul
go to California. Other members oi
the titinlly nro preparing for a IT
and It Is possible that her youm:
sister Stella will accompany he
From another sourco It Is stat<
that Miss Emmerllug Is having I
elaltorato wedding trousseau pr*
pared.
Oakland. Cal-. Sspt. 26.—Wh*
stilted today If he was aware thi
thv bride picked for him by h
father was nn'.hor way to the con:
George Gregory donlsd evsrythl;
connected with the strange pro*. I
atom of his father's wilt, and arc
went so far as lo suggest that 1>
would attempt to have the docunte;
set aside.
RUSSIANS DYING PIU>M PBKsH.
Revolutionary Crimes Work Ifu1.
Among Ulgh Officials.
Paris, Sept. it.—Professor All -
ander Ular, who Is regarded In P«r..
aa tbe mouthpiece of Count Wit .
says that many of the blaher Ruk^'- : ,
functionaries are dying from fright
or are oa the point of leaving l*">
country. In these eases bombs an
knives are no longer necessary.
Professor War says thal_ Genera!
Skellon. Governor General of Polar '.
with the drums of both his ears d
stroyed by the explosion of a bor.
Is ln a state of tmb**clle collapse, an.'
probably will be succeeded by Rent',
al Kennenkainpf.
Admiral Oubassoff, author of ti
horrors st Moscow, whose log ■
blown off, nan received a present '
1,000.000 roubles Iroi
the Crar In comitensatlon, but I
repressive zeal Is at on end am! i
bas decided to spend the rest of !:'•
life in foreign watering plares.
Ex-Minister of the Interior Dmto-
vo took refuge In Paris, but. 'at u
practically expelled by M. Clemen-
cCnti for trying to'oYganlxe a Rusk!) i
police system there. His whereabouts are absolutely unknown.
AWOMAR IS TORTURED
ROBBERS _APPLY HATCHES TO
lii:it FKKT TO FORCE HER TO
TKLL WHERE MONEY IS.
BADLY BEATEN FOR SIX CENT
Man Hrulally Beats Ills Wife f
Spending six cent*.
New York, Sept. 26.—Because h
wife spent six cents without his p
mission Wllllnm l^onnrd. of 91 J-
any street, Psterson, N. J., attnc;:
the woman. It Is alleged, and litter savagely with an ax handle. I
Is ln 8t. .in -'ill's Hospital, and
said to.be In a precarious conditio
Leonard Is under arrest.
Only a few minutes before the :
aautl l-conard and two ot hla coil
ren wore playing ball In the yard >
their home. I^eomtnl went Into *
house and missed six cents be '■•
left on a table. His wife expln:-
thal she had sent one of the ahlldi
to buy tome household article. Le
ard became furious, and nc-lgbi
claim to have,beard him say: "■•
produce that money or I'll kill )
before tbe day Is orer."
Liberty. Ind., Sept. 26.—a pm*
composed of SherllT Charles Waldos
Marshal William Line, Deputy Ma
shal Snyder und others Is scouri .
the country about Liberty for ti
robbers who took 1*00 from tl
home of Mrs. Ora Miller last event*
after torturing her by burning It.
feet and setting Are to ber clothi*
ln an effort to make her disclose :.
hiding place of the money.
Mrs. Miller Is In such a seri<
condition as a result of her a.v
experience thai she could not t
but little about bar aaaallants ti
day.
Mr. Miller had loft the house t
a few minutes when the two m<
walked Into the house. Mrs. Ml!
Bays she wits dragged to the floor :
her head, a revolver was thrust
hi r face, ihe robbers demanding thai
she tell where her husband had bid*
den bis money, and warning h«r not
to scream, She protested that her
husliand had left no money In ili-
house. When they saw that she wotiln
not tell, ihe two msn bound anu
fi&gKnd her.
While one held htr the other then
applied matches lo her toot. Though
the puln wits intense she refused lo
divulge anything. One of the m n
continued to torture her. ■ !.- .
her, twisting her wrists, burning h ■.
feel nnd limbs and setting fire to l u
gown. The other ransacked I it
house for the money. At last M *..
Miller lost consciousness.
When she came to the robbers hav.
gone.
Weber Is to Be Hanged.
Sacramento, Sept. 26.—1'nb
Governor Pardee Intervenes, Adol
Weber will be hanged al Poll
prison tomorrow for the murder i
his father, mother, brother and -
ter. He was tried on only one QtuUT
Governor Pardee was asked to:
If he would Indicate what action
will take on Ihe petition for a co-
mutation of sentence and he rooll*
tbat be would not dlscusa the es
It Is not believed the Governor w!
take any action whatever, thus ••
milling tho law to take lu course.
Want Free Pilot line for River..
Portland. Ore., Sept. 26.—Prot
pilotage across tbe Columbia rivii
bar, the ellmlnullon of pilotage for
coastwise vessels carrying a cuatoi u
license, and free docks at Porllan.t,
where nil craft may moor v*. .; ■•
charge and load cargoes, are feature*
of the program for ths next session
of the Legislature.
Tbe granting of thuse conceSHlo.i:
lo msrlnc* commerce of the fori I
guaranteed by the flourd of Trade.
Postal Savings Banks.
Chicago. Sopt. 26—The City Conn*
ell last night passed a r«**olutlon coir-
mending and Indorsing the mo v-
ment to establish United States postal savlngB banks. The resoluil.ii
cites the wrecking of the MUwmImu
Avenue State Bank as one ot the n.
sons why such n law should be eon
ed, and urges the representatives >.:'.
Chicago In Congress to assist In tb*
work of establishing these banks by
their Influence and votes.
Three Hundred Ai-rasted.
Atlanta, Oa., Sept. 26.—In ordc
to resume law and order ths t. I .
tary have begun to disarm the ne
gross. This policy will be pursued
until every aegro In Atlanta Is ■'..,
armed. There are 1,000 Infantry m-
on duty hers. Thrss hundred bis-.
has* already been arrasud.
TELEGRAPHIC BREVITIES.
The magnificent new buildings ot
the Harvard Medical School wer*-
dedicated yesterday.
Washams A Curtis' salmon canneries at Blnln. Wash., were con
pletely destroyed by firs yesterdo.
morning. 1-oas. $40,000.
Dr. Joseph Snlvnnc last night. :■
Ottawa. Kit-., shot his wife am
mother-in-law. Mrs. David Mitch.::
Both women are In a serious eotuU*
Uon.
Charlemagne Tower. AmerlciM.
Ambassador to German. Vks a pi ■
senger on the steamer Kron Prim
Wllhelm. which arrived ysstertiu--
from Bremen.
A boat containing 200 persons ego*
slied In midstream while CRwd t
tho Rlrsr Indus. Th** pasaeng"'
wore swept down the stream tod
only thirty were saved.
Several hundred men and womei
passengers In the Pennsylvania its
tlon In New Vork. saw a loeomotlv.
run over and mangle Charles Tea
bout, a colored porter, who tried i
cross the track, yesterday, ln front
of the moving engine.
Tbe Mexican Chamber of Dopurli"
has appropriated 1760,000 for the
purpose of Improving the tin** of ta*
Vera Crus Railway, a OOVWBUCOI
property. The Government has nl-'
appropriated 1260.000 to compVie
the breakwater at the port of Mao-
tanlllo. on the.Pacific coast.
Miss Fairy Plumb, a Goshen aattaag.
formerly of South Bend. Ind., Is |>m-
parlrig lo enter suit against the West'
era Union Telegraph Company tn
damages. The company failed tf
deliver a message sent by her to *
theatrical manager, thereby causit*
h**r to lose an engagsmsnt with
theatrical company.
Marcus Powelson, of Nutley, N J.
bas beea arrested for keeping hi*
horse and three dogs tied up without
giving them food or drink. When -e-
tsased ths borss dropped dead fron>
the effsets of starvation. The deg*
were In such a pltable condition ths:
ihoy b«d to be shot-
MANY TO LOSE
FREE PASSES
THE EXECt TIVE COMNITTBI. AP*
PtHNTBO BV RAILBOAIH*) MHh
HIT THEIR REPORT.
New Rate law Will Prevent Rail*
viajs Proa Kit end Ing Privileges
lo cl.i-.-i-- Now I ii.nr.il.
Chicago, Sept. 26.—J. C, Stubbs.
chairman of the executive' officer:
Sommltteo, appointed about twd
inouttis ago by all tho railroads west
oi Chicago io study tho doubtful
points In the new rate law and H
aecure the advice of counsel regard-
lag 'In- matter, has completed th'
preparation- of the committee report
on pitstst-nger matters and It will bt>
formally submitted at a meeting oi
the Transcontinental Passenger Association today.
Tin' report says:
Free transportation cannot be given to land or Immigration agent*
unless ihey are employes In suet*
sense that the carriers legally coui>*
give them tran*i|*Mrlatloni
There Is no uuthorlty In law toi
making lower rate* to land mamatt
And settlers than for other travel*-™.
This Interpretation smims to abolish
the honn>-Hi**'fcers' excursion which
all lines have been running for years
Tho law roiiimlttee advises tha'
transportation cannot be Issued Ir
payment for advertising. It la gener
ally accepted, however, tbat carrier:
muy carry mi oi.-n account with pub*
Ushers and that publishers may cam
an open aocouni with carriers tor advertising, nud these accounts can bt
balanced pozceptlblj. Tbe balance
whatever It Is, must be paid In ca.«b
The transaction must be devoid 0.
previous agreement that the aervlc*.
done by cither party for the othr-i
Is to be paid for In any other way
than by canli.
- Special reduced rates may be mad*
for Federal and State troops and officers and employes of the United
States Geological Survey and reels
niation service In tbe future aa la th*:
past. The words of the law excepting "Inmates of hospitals and chartt-
able and eh-mosynary Institution,
and 11-■ - - ■>",:■ engagsd In charitable
and mlsslonsry work" from the fret-
pass prohibition are held to apply tc
doctors, nurses and other employes
Nuns, sisters of charity, missionaries, national or State officers of re
llgfotiH organizations, teachers ati'J
pupils In Indian schools, officers M
the Salvation Army and Volunteer
of America. It is held, may be given
free transportation.
Special rates for theatrical companies, ii;.-- o:ili clubs, etc., are held
to bu discriminatory. Tbey should
be taken under the party rats rules.'
the report says.
Special rates for army and navy
officers and their families, which al
ways have been made lu the pan'.,
are held unlawful for the same reason.
Regsrdlng the Interchange o.
transportation by common carrier*
tor the use of officers and employes
and thslr families, the committee decides such interchange may be madt*
with sleeping car, express and steam*
ahlp companies, but not with telegraph and telephone companies. H
Is bold that free transportation ma>
not be Issued to members of railroad
unions who are not In the employ ot
the company.
Want lo Entl Vict* in Vallejo.
Washington. Sept. 26.—During hli
brief stay at tbe Nary Department
yesterday. Secretary Bonaparte had'
a conference with F. H. Brown oi
Vallejo. regarding the efforts to
eradlcstfi from that city, which Is the
seat of the Mare Island Navy Yard,
the gambling dens, brothels and low
saloons. Mr. Brown presented to
Secretary Bonaparte affidavits and
other evidences tending to show tbat
employes of the Navy Yard of the
United Stales sailors and marine,
were being made victims of tbese
dens of vice and he aaked tbat thr
Secretary use the Influence of the
Government to assist the people oi
Vallejo fn remedying the evil. Th*»
Secretary expressed Interest In ths
presentation made by Mr. Brows and
promised to give It his personal st-
ten tlon.
Typhoid Thrroteas Han On-mia.
San Queolln, Sept. 26.—Dr. N. K
Poster, secretary of the Stats Board
of Health, has made tbe startling report tbat be has ordered tbe author!
ties of this place to place the town on
a sanitary basts at one* or h* would
order San Quentln placed under a
quarantine It appears that typholr
fever Is quit* prevalent here a*
present, and scoordlng to Dr. Post**)
unless drastic mvaaursa are taken a.
s typhoid may spread to th* Stats
Prison, which Is close to th* town
ViewScan_0007
No full textPAGE EIGHT
DAILY 1-Al.L AI.TO 'alMES SATURDAY. NOV. y. 191.1.
Homes in Palo Alto
SACRIFICED
At From One-Half to Two-
Thirds Theii Value.
A Bargain
In corner lot lOOx 125 right down
town at about 2,500, easy terms.
D. J. Williams
REAL ESTATE INSURANCE
City and Country Property Country Lands
Phone Palo Alto 54. *>3 Univeraity Avenue. P. O Box 37.
PALO ALTO.
.....aaaaa
aaa.».........».».»..*a»...»».............aaaaaaa...a
Jewel Theatre
THE HOUSE OF QI'ALITT
Miss pruni 1 ■> Howard, Musical Director.
PROGRAM
thk ROARDMAN rtisTKiw—[iiMiiita mua uvun of tha rnriiir
ctMM—i-»|M-rt I'liarncler rlinti_r nrlM*.
THK HOWARD-—Hknturial nrtJMa.
HI.WCHK AUIHIKY—Tb«* fanirlle Illu-iraU-d Moogater.
PHOTOPLAYS
THK UltKCKKHs—I j-mrrfnl *_-« drmmn.
THK Kl«HTI\1ct'in. «wt*-*t vocwIUt.
»»♦♦♦♦♦»»♦♦♦♦♦♦••*»•♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»•♦»
Palo Alto Upholstering
Company
Richard Brasor, Manager.
043 Emerson Street
To the People of Palo Alto:
If you an* told that I cannot re
work for 92 rach remember thi*:
making mallrnui** for _n year', nt i
a I to *".. Kin] Jn Unci tun. the sn. t
from -jr. u> T.l rent* each per maCta
I bare inuilc uliir** I lutvc «t_ri*-il In
!■ one ill' -.■!>■.ii.-. 1 customer ami In*
of imabUMa 1 Mill _in ni) place
money |.siiil.
HIGHEST GRADE UPHOLSTERING OBTAINABLE \\
ANYWHERE.
♦♦»»»as>»»tss»»s»»»»eetss»s»>st»»»»»»f>»»tt>t^>>t<
! Two New Stanford
Trustees Named
(Contli.ued from pntt 1.1
rector of fifteen large concerns In
Load00.
An civlileiice of the esteem In
which Hoover In held abroad was
tin- recent Invitation extended to
him to Join the Association of the
Ctrl! Knalneers of France.
Hoover Is now In California rep-
reeenilnK Ihe English group which
has taken pari In ihe financing of
. the General Petroleum Company
and supplied a portion of the funds
for (he purrhasc of the I'nion OH
Company br the Genera! Petroleum
Company.
Hoover Is ibe author of a well
known textbook on the prlnclplea of
mining, a nd his most recent production, a biography of George A_rl.
cola, together with a translation
from the I.j.Mti of iln- grent fifteenth
century engineering classic by that
author, has attracted considerable
attention in literary and, scientific
circle*.
Hoover married Mis* l.nu Henry
of the rtass of 1S9R. They bave
two sons, both of whom have been
around the world several times.
U , M. Newlwll.
Mr. Newhall OOmea from a dle-
tingulslied and wealthy pioneer family of California. He Is a graduate
of Yale Cnlverslty and also of the
Columbia l-*w School. He doea not
practice his profession, as his large
business Interests demand his time.
1l<* Ins" Die management of the great
Newhiili rnncheH and It is Hi ought
that his training in this line will be
of value In the direction of the large
land holding" of the university*. For
a number of years he has been
trustee of the San Francisco Slate
.S'ormal School.
—And when you come i
Warmth With.
out Weight—
'Sound sleep in
A OftelUefoQulch Bohetne.
Iiy United Pmm
laOitclon. Nov. no — Apparently in-
aplretl by the report that Gaby
Deelrs Is receiving *:..(JOO a week
during her preeenl Atnerlean 'our. n
pretty danseuK.. hi Merlin wrote to
ax-K1ng 'Manuel iH'Kuitii; hint to
protnlae that if she eame to London
he would ■compromise" her by hla
attention!*. Al least, flint It- the h(o-
ry they nre telling hi Ibe cloba f
Pall Mull nnd Pi. ca.lllly.
"I am and want to remain a good
girl."' she Is said lo h.ire wrlttcu:
"hui with an adveflleemenl each as
y!ni could give nn* I could gel rich."
HeiiiK defleleni lo a aenae of humor, bin ex-iiinji'nty in leporied lo
hnin 1 n <*\cc*villngly nunoyeil by
the incident.
Aeronaut Visits Mayfleld.
Clinrl.'* Bitot, cashier of Hie May.
field Hank and Trust Company hud
Hie honor Thanksgiving day of entertaining at his home to dinner the
noted neronaut Janien MnDln. one
of Hie greatest aeronauts ln the
world. Mr. Eliet is Inlereeted in
ihe hittire plana of Captain Mdrtln,
M lii'-v linve it bearing on the probable location of an aeronautic school
in tliin locality. Captain Martin In
a member of the I'nlted States aeronautic r.MMTve and ranking captain
Thanksgiving.
Nobory ever had a loftier conception of Deity than our Puritan
Fathers.
Hut they were penterated with
gratitude and ansiou* to remember
Deity fitly.
Tbat was the rub—fitly
The Greek* and Romans offered
gold nnd silver, but our Puritan
Fntliers. with tbelr eonaecrated Insight, raueelved that Deity did not
relish having the circulating medium reduced In ihat way at the risk
of bringing on a stringency.
The Jewlah custom of offering
burned ment * ts even more objectionable f tou/se. Deity did not
wish the hnnd of Ibe beef iru*t to
I..* played Into.
Finally, i>-ity being n Prohibitionist, libations of wine were out of
the elocution
So our Piirlian Fathers hit tiponj
the expedient of giving thanks.!
Thanks were nol a competitive com-,
modlty, ami could be given in any!
quantity wllhoul dlxturhlng trade
I.lfc*
-title.
of Wi
11.'
Mrs. M. Det«*Is and her son Martin
are visiting friends In Napa.
Vacuum Carpet
Cleaning
Pbone Palo Alto 70
rontemplatea flying across il
lautir in the near Future. He or-
gnnlsi'd Ibe Harvard Aeronautic Society anil nmnuged It for n time* dur-
loff Which he made a number of
xm-ceasful lllghta. He has made
fights In France and England, and
for two yearn wa* Instructor at Gra-
I lis.in While'* celebrated school In
London.
CapUta Martin wns pleaeed with
his visit In Mayfleld. nnd considers
Stanford University as n sultnble location for an aeronautic school. The'
proapeeta for the development of
this movement will det>end largely!
on the interest shown by the people
;of this locality.
FORGER IS ARRESTED
AND MAKES ESCAPE
A young man who Is n stranger
In this In. .'i'U v passed a couple >'t
forgj-d checks for small Amount in
Mat field yesterday. Suspicion wat
arouHcil nnd when H war. found 'I"*'
Ihe 'lifik- were worthless Hie forger, who gnve the name of Wilson ,
was ' arrested by Constahle Hind- [
■haw. but later succeeded In making!
hfs escape At the time of thci
latest re|Miri he had not yet been ■"*"-'
captured
Mi
sicnl Program
Melhodtat
< hurch, Stinda
rem her 1st:
Morning-
Voluntary--
•O I'om*. Let
Worshtp"
Mend
Male quart
i ' Nearer. My
to Thee"
I requested! . . . .
FIREWOOD
FOR SALE CHEAP
8 PER CORD
lot CI1HT.E. I'll ONE OO
Can give yon oak, gnnt, ecc 4-foot
wood, stovewood. heater blocks.
chunk*. 1 fOof, 10 Inrhe- or 2 feet
long-
Will ar)) j..11 wood cheap, a* I
weed the money and need It now.
Hi-
Suffrmrette Throw* Her SIhn*.
r.1 I'i,
Aberdeen. Scotland. Nov. 20.—
Mlstnklng the Rev. Forbe* Jackson
for l.loyd Mleorge, the noted statee-
a suffragette disfigured the
face of tbe reverend gentlvman with
a hoitewhlp. Sbe wa* arrested, together with four other suffragette*,
and when taken Into court on Grace
Lorke took off her *hoe and threw
It nt (he magistrate. She wa* Jailed
on ;i charge of contempt.
God.
Offertory "Andante" Hervti
Duet—"Rock of Ages" trepeated 1 plbpl
Mr. Werry und Mr. Jeffer*.
Postlude- "Rereislonal" . . Thorn
Evening—
Voluntary "1 Heard ihe Voice of
Harpers" Gai
Male Qtmnet "Drltiing. Drifting" Mel.! .Hi.,!.:■!! J I
Offertory "Nixturne" .... Chopl
1'cis-hiilc "l,it iIn* Heavens Rejoice" tleti
^DEPENDENT EXPRESS & TRANSFER CO.
A. H. MrOsw. Mssigrr, S30 Oowpae Btreot.
TRUNKS nami: CTTT URITS SO CKim. _T01L_GB.
Phone SI OK—Smith'* Cydery. RnsMeaee pbo_e B48L
I»ct«-ctlvr on eh.* Sl«ml
Py United -..
Indianapolis. Nov. 3i -> Haymond
ilurns. son of Detective Hums, continued bin story of Hoefalna' doubte-
cronalng today. He teaflfled that In
February, Ifll, he ankod I lock in
what hod btcono of Caplan ami
Schmidt, and Hockln replied that
Tveltmoe wa* taking care of them,
that Tveltmoe waa furnishing t'ie
money and a Chicago labor leader
wga paying them Hockln also aald
that Tveltmoe and John MrNnmar*
had a conference In St. Loul* In
1910 and arranged for three eiplo-
slons in Los Angela*.
—-don't faiJ to sec our display of
thc new Maish comfort designs.
Every pattern is distinctly new—created exclusively
for Maish comforts. There are all the new shades plain
and bordered. You will find in this display just what
you have been looking for to harmonize with the color
scheme of your bedroom.
This winter free yourself from heavy covers—sleep
under the Maish. It keeps you warm on the coldest
cold fresh air nights—yet IS BO
wonderfully light
««. more lives flnd fluffy
than science-- ^ it DCVef
fatigues
Sir Joseph Us you— ^ ^*___ _,.-_ A —,
ter, tainoiis I.on- meigin
yon dot
(ion surgeon-
Maish Comfort %
make such »lcC[.
posMJble.
The Ugh ter
Yonr Bed Covering the Better
In the Maish
Comforts you
get warmth
without weight.
Nothing cm*
iuustft >".i a* do
heavy bed
clothes. To get
rest that creates
energy, tbat
gives strength.
»leep under the
Maish Comfort.
Maish Comforts
are handled by us only. We are the sole agents for Palo Alto. Wc arc well
slocked with a large variety ol* styles and new colors to select from. Extra
sizes for double beds. Maish Comforts arc all labeled with the Maish trademark. I.ook for it and if you don't see tbe yellow and black label with thc
name Maish, don't take it. Maish Comforts al .1.75. 4.50. 7.00. 3.00.
2.50 to .00, 8.00.
10.00. 15.00 each.
What Every Family Needs
these cold frosty nights is one or more pairs of Good Wool Blankets and a
Maish Comfort. We arc handling an elegant line of fine all-wool Illankcts at
popular prices in pure white, fancy checks. Plaids and Stripes in delicate shades
of Tan. lilucs. Pinks and Reds. These colors are in soft tones and will take the
place of a white blanket. Also dark nnd light Grey Blankets for real service—
sleeping outside and camping.
Prices 4.50. 5.00. 7.00. S7.50. 8.50. 18.00 pair.
Other grades Sheeting Blankets ,u 75c. 85c. 1.25. SI.50. S1.75 to
2.50 each.
Children's Coveralls
for Boys and Girls. The only garment for children to romp and play and have
their freedom in. Colors and wear are guaranteed. Vou will get your money's
worth onl ol them and then some. Sec the Coverall Kids at play on their Teetering Hoard in our University avenue window for a few days longer.
Sole Agents
FOR
Ideal Ladies'
Tailored
Suits and Goats v
Come in nnd talk to us about \
Suit or Coat cm ami ma<l« i.i your
own individual measure at very little more than shop suit--. Come in
and look at portfolio ot fashions
and our large book of sample-—
more than 76 styles, and 300 new
fabrics to select from. Von can't
make a mistake. Fit and entire
satisfaction is our guarantee.
Jffiendenhall Gl
PALO ALT
Physical controls on salmon spawning habitat quality and embryo fitness: an integrated analysis
No full textThe research focusses on the river Lugg – a cross-border catchment and major tributary of the river Wye, the most important Atlantic salmon river in England and Wales. The problem of declining Atlantic salmon populations in the catchment is addressed through investigating recruitment from egg fertilization to the emergent life stage and beyond using multiple field-based and laboratory techniques. The approach adopted is multidisciplinary and addresses the need for holistic approaches to habitat degradation which is increasingly recognised as systemic in nature; often with multiple stressors acting interactively. The initial premise of deleterious fine sediment infiltration into spawning gravels was addressed by a sediment fingerprinting study to ascertain the provenance of infiltrated redd sediment from a range of land-use types. In addition, nine artificial redd sites were constructed and assessed for fine sediment infiltration, intragravel dissolved oxygen levels, intragravel flow velocity and other hyporheic pore water characteristics, in relation to survival to emergence over two field seasons.A study examining the quality of emergent fry was also carried out using fitness tests and individual stress levels. Additionally, a study on long-residence groundwater infiltration into the incubation environment was carried out. The main fine sediment contributor was derived from agricultural sources, particularly during wetter periods. The average contribution of fine sediment from agricultural sources was 60%. Survival ranged from 12% to 70% during the 2008 flood season and from 76% - 93% during the 2009 dry season. Fine sediment mass as a stand-alone index was only weakly correlated with survival but is thought to influence other factors; medium strength correlations of survival with dissolved oxygen, intragravel flow velocity and oxygen supply in particular were observed. Evidence of groundwater-surface water interactions were detected at two of three sites investigated and is proposed as an additional controlling mechanism for embryonic survival in the catchment. Sublethal fitness tests demonstrated variations between cohorts in the 2009 period despite a relatively small range of oxygen concentrations. The results highlight both temporal and spatial variations in spawning habitat quality, which influence not only survival to hatch but also posthatch fitness
Adult and community education in the wear valley district of county Durham
No full textThroughout the 1980's traditional liberal adult education * in Britain has been in crisis. Changes in the ways it is funded and organised, coupled with the breakdown of the liberal progressive ideologies which have informed its theory and practice since the turn of the century, cast doubt upon the extent to which adult education still exists as an identifiable part of the British educational system and idea. The public image of adult education is ambiguous and informed by very little public debate about the role or purpose of adult education in modern societies. its practitioner image is still, predominantly, one of public service. in this thesis i describe what happened when I set out to examine the extent to which there was still a viable adult education service (particularly for unemployed people) in a small area of the north east of England characterised by long term social and economic decline. There is very little sociology of adult education. There is no theoretical knowledge base upon which to ground this study and no methodological framework within which to situate it. The research has been, primarily, a search for methods of research which would allow that adult education is both a social construction and a cultural phenomenon. I have drawn heavily upon the methods of both cultural studies and cultural anthropology while eschewing their more descriptive moments, believing, in the end, that sociology has a definite de-mystifying purpose: that it is, or should be, 'the critic of the absurd and not its high priest'
4
No full textAll the Railroads Lead to Camp Curry, Yosemite
Vou can buy rail, stage and camp accommodations wherever Santa Fe or Southern Pacific tickets are sold
Garden Hose - ~ ~ Yours is Leaky
MINE FOR SALE IS RIGHT IN MAKE ----- MINE FOR SALE IS RIGHT IN PRICE
UTTLIJ SHORT ONES.
, but
; Frslay to Mr
I dau*.hter *
i-d Mr*. 11. W. mmatk.
• outrart.-raiid Mr*. J. W. Well, will
- ..s.-atto,, ftrt-ati.il it. Ihv lU-t.
'. >-t.m>w i- May Uayi and M lay
ls>
l for tbo c .Hector
of the lute
Pinlay in Bl
aeaattW
Mr- BttB l-uea* *p*Bl a port*.* of
ltd* werk at IVUlua-a, Um- piest of
Tab. Alb> will ba well rn on-tented at
BVooraoHtoM -Baying al ltnlw."*H'ity
Mom lay.
BOagBMOl 1-- name: UK < lAM K! I BOB
the WatU*a lair *t Ihe itiprntc of
FUatem* have l-eii-ao »v*k >*i tlie
r-^iijicti naialeim- al t'tilten*il) av.-uui
.nat Milllelleld road.
Tl** sia-nHim Itotise n I'hannliij:
etni-t, l.-lnt Imill I*,
h ready Ln- pla.tcrer*
THe **a*n J.ae I'itaiiit-r id t'ouitnsn-e
\ao v.1,.1 lo atlrtid the Kuartb <d July
p-b-ltration *l lain All*.'.
Oploiu Tlw-rnaa llsuk-msn sill n■■
lion soon Inuii Hm I'liilliplu,-* with
whom be will lour Hie BtObM,
Jeba, Mi-Naiinbl. mauauvr of ll«* Boo
Ftaaabao Call will -i--.k at Um Mirth
h Kir at A—-ml l> ball. W.-ln —1*>.
Matil-mt fliariaacj.bstltnB pieacnp-
Ji.«i dn.iiBri.ts, I'liiteri-ily avenue, BB
Mo* I'lr*-Ir. I»ivib» ihlititi*! slit a la-re.
At MoiiuUiii!Vii*w mi Sunday, Omit
VIa.tr.me Socle) elul. of lbs Forest*]* of
* merit*, of lte.lwi.tl. -trill l.-.i.t,. piaiie
.Mr-. M. J,,l.ti-..i.'*lilll-...i. Karl (ell
Thurehty »i*l bn-ke hi* arm. Tl»-
astn* lame* a, i,- l-t*kin only lw*» **-nth*
■0*0.-
l'reh****.r Slnnakcr's hand-mie new
residence i- m-ariuir completion, ll h
the pride f Hie n -i*lih-irh..>l in whii-li
*tlu*l.*I.
Mr- farh-l-iii atfl *>>n. 1'. I. laitet-.u.
left Tl.ur-.lay fnr Helena. Montana,
sltere ll.-) aill *|*a*l a puititsi ,d thr
sunt liter.
Allorney* N. B. Malcolm ami John
A. .1.'lint".it were at l*.in I'laiim--.. oil
Thursday lookinit alter insttci* ol a
Jf-oefMflial lialiir.-.
Afi*.t O'K-refe ol tlie ltrdsrr.*| t'ity
r.it..- t.j-- M-- a*s in I'.:.' l.i'
lew lean* **ti M"ii.Iar tuukinjt after
The t'ilMen
[tayiuic every ci-nl of
Iruro tlie time id starting until th* time
>f returning to I'alo Alto.
JY.-i (-.hi ,-lip ■ -iitj..;,* t..|j-riur heart's
■ntent. l*ook lor lite frec-lrip-tn-lhe-
H*,.rlrf'*-K*lr 1-nup.m «-l*,-*liere In tl.i-
i-*.ie«t TlieCiti-trii.
taelter* rerelv.nl hy friemt* here lull irate tliat Mr*. A. T. Wallace ttachnl
Taoirieni alter a t.,-:.-h *•* irip fnan
A. At -sttil*-. on Ka.ter. Mn>.
Wallace **« tier tint and i*-i l-ult fight.
I»r. A. II. Mai be* ha* jml BatO|di '<*!
leauikoli.tiitilii! in a tat,..- 1. :-
tm-ky blue ui*t. nt hi* h-
P*. rertisi ne I m* i mss.
A par*.) *a* eiilertainetl Uti eveni
at the home of Wm Stevens, at I
Oaks. A niula-r of Palo Aim ytmng
|r«|de were prsarnl.
The t'slif'trnia t* -lhv -d l'la-t"«r*ph
Bith la-a-bpuirtLfsn. in I'alo All" ami with
a capital .1.. k ,4 |.''..«n. fT-Vl mt WmUk
b pultH-fila.l, Its. I. rn ities.rp 'isli'l.
Itt. Tliiuiia. latliolle chunh |r*vi' s
Ann parly IVnlnesday evening Hist wai
emry kiik-.lt |«tn*ni<n*t. Tlie pn**i*t*h
iii-ti, le given to thechurch iHillditig
Klletl lllfl. •.**!.41
Wll I
l-ii.-ti^liiii.i.* will receive attention
ie t'jii.p.i.. a truck bomm i* !■»■
a-i-ni nn Selvatierra street ami i
aratus sill U- iurtallnl in lite It
rill I
ud sonic
ill.
Ats «|..ia! merlin; of the I
Tr*.]*- neat Tuc-.l*y event tif
•H-ale ami I' M Wi-tsli-r uill.-v
In
ii.i.iit.i
for
tract.
A eoftltrmatlon via** id inn.
tfiven the rite* at All Saints i
Friday aIlrrtM*>*i. with tlie lit.
William K. Nhleda, ltiali*.
t aliiorni* In clai-ye of the •
Work uu Die lanictile library la pro-
*'.. twin* in * ttstUfactiisy mauni-r II.
II. Ilatlwasy, having l*-*-n v'r*ii'-*l a
i .i-im—em by tlie UuiltKn*-Trade* t o«n-
eil (4 t-ati Jot-, aill pi...-I allh the
paintinB in a .liort lime.
I'oiilraet.tr H. X. Hi-ltliiBcr i-s|*tI.
(-.leave for the i-ust atsoit June 1, for
a vlall of two or three iminlbs st -.
laails, t'liit-Nipt, Waahii.^ton and nther
.tt... id Impsrtanre. It aill be bl* llrst
teal u.iitini In flflern year*.
Th* retam ,4 Mr*. Jane I. Stanf-ml
ir-.iu the trip to India ;- I--.I*.-I l>.i nut
week. tt Is ,. |-.-;*l tliat sit* will
remain here only » short time hef..rr
■turtliiKun a Joiini.-v to Kumi*- uhen
die ttlli st-ml Hn- reuislmler ol Hit
I*ul>lislier fttaninir.
ltsrsJ.airt.il. mad* hi*
visit* to I'al.* All.
,.[ il,.
Tips
1'n.fet.
r. itie
v.,11 I
alii-rtheelistte i.l the I'liivereity f.
nimtnei v**-»tipu. for I'nritt, t.^-tk*-*
slmly
the HibllittCsiiH-
IVler
. sourte ..
N'stlonah-
J. B. Ualey bis just" ndd I,
Milieu tlie llti.tr ,t,it»;- uo
lA-enoe. Il it a fine pn*]serty ami it
enden.1.«.| ll.at Mr. Mnllen art il at
B irarysilt
Miw Stella Ikilan, of Wasliimilon
t>WB, .itti',1-,1 I' i.-..t.t-.' for i vi.ii at tb,
ieiu* nf Mr. and Mr*. C. I- Webb
ft he may decide b> remain permMisuiIt
ttt-rafifernia.
AHotney M.wrnr Thomas was at Sap*
fcis week. Itavin); l.-eu call,.I there ,-.
Mtifsy hy a teh-pram aummiiciiiB Ihe
fcUl illur** nl his father, *.»»* death
ecv-ui-red later on lh*l day.
C. C. i'erry of tiwiilleLl, Itidlana,
•at hare fue a- eisit Tuesday uf litis
Bttab. He., a pnt-uiumi Unndry-aan
fei'bis town and ealipi on tbmm In thai
Un** of work while visitinp here.
I'.-i-"ii i„liii,,- t., *,,-, :t,. TheCIllrrn
eseli week are re.ioMie.1 lo report thr
Im-i :it ihia .Him. :„ onlcr thai ibe.rn-rl
ef the eity cirvulauir or the csrri*-!*— it
b bo their crmr—uiay he recti&e,!.
Mrs. -' C. Hashes enterUlnnf st ■
fire-buntred" card party Satunlay. Wotri'
slia-mr..::. A number of ttl<
l'li-j-..| al tlu- mat
t*as la "looilitjt up
that Hue Im-ally.
M.ti;-..| i ...l(e of thr if-:.".- (inter
id l'niie.| Wuekmen will bIvt a .i.i',l
tall i-atunlay .-t, nm.-. May 11. si A. ".
IV W. hall lu Hist mimm, Tliere aill
lie ir.-d uiosir ami a p*t-I time it attired
all who may attend. Tirket* .'-i eeiils
h.r KeiiHetueii.
The destli of Mis* l-flcia A. Mini't.
Hie l**-yrat-**l dansbtsr ol Mr. sod
Mr*. I"-..i- Mim-I, *..-. I'nivrndty ave-
ane, owurrnl at 1 o'ebafe Kralay a iter -
mum. Thr funeral aill he hebl at III
aVbok Mnmlay ami interment v tti U
in Cypress lam n.
Tlie sail news of the death of Mm.
Hruest llarlmlts at Fertile, Minm-voia,
h*s been recrUnt here. It I* .- u.-,. m
frnoi Kertlle, that she nmlt... 1.11
■liitt-k it-tniuiiip|it>ti while attemlinB I-r
Int-lonH Umsi^li his lost illm-. Tlie}
tortuerly livnl Itere.
A lartfe numU-r of men are at work
it the lU-iirpe Imrtt hulhlini* InuitiliK
n Kmrmin street and Ilumllloti
venue. The activity IbaiaabuOH
might t.-a.l stranitrr* to think ItimiUn-t's
llir*-e-rni_-ein-ut h»l .f-Tii.- tn town ami
as* pretarinc f-r «u evhil.tit.-ti.
Tliree aasiin-ii fn*m Xt-w V.*rk have
tteeti llere the [Mat ne,k or Iwo I...kiiih'
forasiia for a mlli-pe for yimnit hidli-s,
ttmt-irllt-hn llu' i*|iiiil In t'tviy'Wtny id'
SIGet in on
I,. IIIIK-I
the Ground
Floor-See?
It is up to the wide
awake people of Palo
Alto to attend the big
AUCTi;0N SALEof
lots and villa sites at
the SEALE TRACT on
next Saturday and to
avail themselves of the
opportunity afforded
to buy some of those
splendid pieces of land
to be knocked down
to the highest bidder.
Saturday,
May .Seventh
There will be a swarm
of city buyers on the
grounds but the advantage will lie with
the people who" know
the property and who
get in ON THE
GROUND FLOOR.
Big excursion from
San Francisco and San
Jose-Bus rides and a
lunch for the visitors.
Sale begins at I o'clock
on the grounds. Big
live oak trees on almost every (ot.
4 the *-*nt
atrial lastlne*
II
Ibe 1'ah- All
the famous V
ou the |t.'iiiii**d* have bno M
Tlie MIM are Mr*. J. II. Hi I■■■
t*. E. !*qoirea and Mis* K. ataam
I*.**ii*e i.f Hie t'luitiTi's tin .
(tvtt.i at the oilier ..f tbe b I
j-aiiy, there Is more or 1,-k. ■ ., .
thc hii; swllehlttanl with the ■■■ sull Hull
iiiccoald yeslentny hear no I,- than
flfly voice* by Ukinjr.ti.ttn th-- - -
and IbiebinB for arecnrxl. t ■
11 U reii,..li,*l wttUtna .■ - - -
linn*.
- Jtshn I,.union Mi-an-. i a ill .
field mad, eiilt-rtainnl inl..rn.ally
Thursday Bflonwaa, Hi-r picsl* were
MrMlame* .-*lef-*n-H.u .4 Menlo. Tb-mi|t-
uailal)tar*.t-mtclirrali.|Tiirpev;
Hovfe, Henry. H*nW. ami
Tboiupaoa. Ldacb au eerrrd at two.
Rom* were tbe princiial decntati'*** In
hrparloes.
Otter PamV Alt., pajtew start tliinp.
hat Suit- .mt'. It i-rutaiui ft* the little
'iii/sti t.< rinri uml iiiaiiitaiu ■ tailing i
" willlH'pnoIoctivcufresult*.!
STANFORD PROGRAM.
Official Announcement of Hvcnlt
For Commencement Week
at University.
.itut.-ii.eiit week al Stanford ftiiver-
Thnrwlay, May 1-th. SeabM oj**ra
iM-tulde liall. Ittlt,
Friday. Mar l*tlh, llrevptio* t..**,i.i.-i
la-, hv Pr. and Mn>. Joidaii, 2uobaa
Ma'
H.
Fat
. "■:!.. r*t.-s-.tij:t:. jtt- st I
l,d Manhml Jr.Mei
Wnlft**.lat, Mst 1-..1.. t'oiut... ...-.-
ii.eiit. .\—i,.l.1v Huh. UA; a.l'li. -• I-.*
Dr.O. L. Elliott.
ACTIVE AT THE GYA.
Pulo Alio Institution a Sort ol
"Preparatory" for
Stanford Uymf.
(In Moiitlny. Mat-
ire ».t 1
1*1 pel
I"-
Hi* I..
muke Hie Put.. All" t.j n titi-im
parnl'.it illtlitUlioll fir llir V
fViunssiuin*, BO that .ttvlent.
tlie loiter iusv \w prej-sn-1 f**r i
till
.-n.Itipai.-l
.11 I-- l-.l.
t-l
A100RE BADLY HURT
Southern Pacific I*;l-.;;;;t-.-.vm:ti.
Crushed Uclwccn Pilot and
Turn Tabic.
Notice!
While r*l
hut pulls
light, Itair
on the pilot of theeiittiue
Iheatn- tniiu Mouihiy
-iiiiin ~i:.l .ll.sslv was
nl aunim-t Hi- tin.Kn.
■■ in the I . ill yanls.
■ at*i*lv,l him to a [ 'at*-
i-ukl n-tl .
.tly
It li** come to our attention that car-
l*-tii.-r-. rtc, are refatinjc in certain
ii.-Uiti-i*. to I uti. 11,- mst. ri*U i*ireltase(l
fn.iu our -lot.-. Rinl delivered to Immea
jn I'alo Alto.- Jn east* ol this kind II
pi i re lister* will I eh-plume us or. Coin e
tu our ston- and report Hit* facts, we will
fiirtii-.li Hie ii, ,. -■ ,> i i.i-|,i;:,'t or ulber
ti.ss lisi.is- lo i<t-rf.-llii the n-i'itrid wrtirk
ami inuiantre satitfsrti'ju at jml lia.ll
ilBBta
J. P. Va
nx CO
OH was Udly
«B, Uoudjr *o»
l Yoiinji iiiaiir-Is It not worth your
ttliile m ll«ure un that (rev trip to the
| World't luir? How many vote* do yuu
! think you aill 1st able to poll? Read
; llie plan ebenhen- in i l.i- la-ac.
r:
SHOOT AND EAT
Palo Alto RHIc Club Hnlcrtaln*
Visitor* I-rum San Jose
—Scores.
-an lose t
','!> Ul III.
"1
Good Soaps
For LITTLE MONEY
are few and far between.
Soaps cheap In price arm
generally cheap In quala
Itv.
See our window tor
some that are (JHI'.'AI*
but coon.
Ea$te Orutj Go.
yi;llow front
Phone. Malm J
i Phone. Md
t
the little
Mctijii-l, a
eaptuiiit.l I.v
,.. WoudptekM
■SEA MANS
Hie I'alo Alt..
Within i
ittrk.in.-u «
visit tux 'id,
r at a
A niter
i p.
Mi
THE SPANISH NOVIO.
A Oatta*! M Ki. It.rrl, \l rrt. |S*
Mi.l,',,-ii II* Vt.flatlt.
A aSp.-iiiish iiiiii.ii-n wbo la In tha
least attractive la always attended by
a younc nan. II* Is called ber novlo,
' And It Is bla privil.-s,' to accompany
" her oo ber walks, though of course al-
11 ways with etlbr-r her mother or a rsakl
ii lo play propriety. Ills courtship *rl-
ii"t:, ends In-his becomlnit encai;-*! to
. the ynnng lady, but while It lasts aba
| has to be obeillout and loyal to him.
WBr Baria. Coatatltied SalrlB*. j it ltL. fonuili ttnwter ala affections I
Burton, tba vivacious author of "Tlie ,0 mother fair tlain.el. the Bllfbtad ons i i
Anatomy of Me lane holy.*' who had tho has uo redress, for bo Is quite at Ilher-
reputatlon ef belns able to raise Uufh-. tjr to do eo, their friendship never be-', I
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and mopish.- was tu reality constltu. rticaKemeoL Slarrlsre* ore settle*! by 11
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that be was at u.t ao overcome by his roncerunl. and until such an arrange.
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the day and
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Iiavin>; l-eeii npjto.iiti'.l ffllicilor l*nr
tbt< "Chriltlan Help Band** of San
Kntiici**-.., t nm rt-reivim: any ra*t-nfl
rluthiu* li.tl aoukl W of U*e to t.-.t
poor men, aomrn or children,- and aill
receive •*»*** al my .--anatarinm Fund
Store, 321 riiU-*i-*ily Al«wotvlf]i
will notify me 1 uiH rail at the
and eft thrrli.-T. I'. A'allar.
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ed to etc* ber farewell concert because
eh* had a eotd.**
"Tc*." answered the msnscer.
"How did she contract Ur
"Well. It wnan't an ordinary cold.
la what Is U-cliulcally known as a
oHlce chllL**--Exchange.
I una after another. Thla custom baa;
: certainly more advautaceti for the men i
than It ba* for Ibe maidens, but yet i
few ftpanlsb Blrt* would cur.- to be|i
without a aorlo. bowevee fickle
micbtbe.
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hlm.-St. Louis Itdjiubllc.
ntaarat-aal.
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too." retaarked tba cheerful nan. '
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a j "Thar* oil you know about IL"—I*hlla-
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World's Fair at St. Louin.
tnfant ucst|«per will send
mm or j-**nng womaB to -Jve r«i»!
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the puct-jpe,,,^ tri,m .tar, u, ^Z
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fSfaa Jura-carriaBKtt drive aUiut tun n. I u^yd a^o 9Muii:
Tbe man who ran be notbins but
serious or nothlnB but merry .. but
lialf a man — UunL
TWitiT to know sil.mr St. Inula
•I rat— pi*t a» n..n as Ittwibta
vi*ir tiamr witlt It. I**ni,-t«rr. I* tier re not a*ne yxir-z
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MULLEN & HARMS
Blacksmiths
-HNE-MORtfiSHOEINC
A SPECIALTY
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CARRIACE.REPOSITOIvy
Rat* t* I'almsiinla.
A scJcntlst exploiinit I'.nnpuil.'t says:
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ia provorhlal. You cannot walk Ibroufib
It, aod It takca a sturdy mule to- carry
you ibnticb. More often' than not It
ta caused by tbe burrowloe ot a tallica*
rat known aa tbe turn tucu. Acre*
upon acrrs, nmountlnB to square miles
even, of olhcrwlse sound nnd wholo-
some Btouud nre undermlniM by tbh
iiiih-ratlBnble little pest. Ue bold* the
couotfy na notblnK *lse holds It unUlt
tbeadrent of shrep or cattle (which be [.fcBW tnmftam t-,-.«- RCCT
bates) Induce* bim to shift the scssie' IOr **nC Ve™ «*■«-'■
of his rdfibtlT Ial»fa.--Boa*ao Tran-j HAIRCUT In PALO ALTO
script
EIGHT SHAVES FOR
jOCf te alt I Charge
I'mler The fitln
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Efectividad in vivo de una nanoemulsión de paramomicina y ftalocianina de aluminio clorada para el tratamiento de leishmaniasis cutánea
No full text129 pLa leishmaniasis es una enfermedad metaxénica cuyo vector (Lutzomyia), transmite la enfermedad al penetrar la piel del huésped mamífero e introducir los protozoos de leishmania, quienes dependiendo de la especie dan paso a un tipo de manisfestación clínica específica, con diversos grados de severidad. Aunque existen distintos tratamientos para esta infección (Pentostam®, Glucantime®, pentamidine, anfotericina B y miltefosina), aún nos enfrentamos a múltiples retos: vía de administración, efectos tóxicos hepáticos y renales, fracaso al tratamiento, resistencia farmacológica, estado inmunológico del paciente, condiciones socioeconómicas, cronicidad de las lesiones y especie del parásito.
De acuerdo con lo anterior, este estudio tuvo como objetivo, caracterizar el efecto antiparasitario in vivo de un nanoconjugado de Ftalocianina de Aluminio Clorada y paramomicina (NE+FtAlCl/PM15%) activado mediante Terapia Fotodinámica (TFD), en el modelo murino de Leishmaniasis cutánea. Para esto, se realizó la estandarización del modelo de leishmaniasis cutánea en ratones BALB/c evaluado dos inoculados en dos sitios anatómicos de infección (almohadilla plantar y base de la cola). Posteriormente, se evaluó la efectividad de NE-FtAlCl/PM en dos modelos experimentales. Terapia fotodinámica fue aplicada en los grupos tratados con el fotosensibilizador usando luz LED. La efectividad clínica y parasitológica, así como toxicidad aguda relacionada con parámetros hematológicos y bioquímicos, fue evaluada. El tratamiento mostró ser inefectivo para curar lesiones cutáneas por L. (V.) braziliensis en ratones BALB/c. Sin embargo, los resultados mostraron ser similares a los obtenidos con el grupo control tratado con Glucantime (20mg/Kg/día). Adicionalmente, en el modelo con lesión cutánea ulcerada, se observó disminución del tamaño de la úlcera en los ratones tratados con NE-FtAlCl/PM+TFD. No se observaron efectos tóxicos sistémicos del tratamiento.
Este estudio es el primero en evaluar la combinación de dos fármacos bioactivos contra Leishmania spp en un mismo nanovehículo. Sin embargo, los fármacos no mostraron curar las lesiones cutáneas causadas por el parásito. La optimización del esquema de tratamiento con NE-FtAlCl/PM+TFD es recomendable.Leishmaniasis is a metaxenic disease whose vector (Lutzomyia) transmits the disease by penetrating the skin of the mammalian host and introducing the protozoa of leishmania, who depending on the species give way to a specific type of clinical manifestation, with varying degrees of severity. Although there are differents treatments (Pentostam®, Glucantime®, pentamidine, amphotericin B and miltefosine), multiple challenges are still unresolved: route of administration, liver and kidney toxic effects, treatment failure, drug resistance, immunological conditions of patient, socioeconomic surroundings, chronicity of the lesions and parasite species.
For this, the standardization of the cutaneous leishmaniasis model in BALB/c mice was evaluated using two inoculated in two anatomical sites of infection (plantar pad and tail base). Subsequently, the effectiveness of NE-FtAlCl / PM in two experimental models was evaluated. Photodynamic therapy was applied in the groups treated with the photosensitizer using LED light. Clinical and parasitological effectiveness, as well as acute toxicity related to hematological and biochemical parameters, was tested. The treatment was ineffective in curing skin lesions by L. (V.) braziliensis in BALB/c mice. However, the results were similar to those obtained with the control group treated with Glucantime (20mg/Kg/day). Additionally, in the model with ulcerated skin lesion, a decrease in ulcer size was observed in mice treated with NE-FtAlCl/PM + TFD. No systemic toxic effects of the treatment were observed.
This study is the first to evaluate the combination of two bioactive drugs against Leishmania spp in the same nanocarrier. However, the drugs were not shown to cure the skin lesions caused by the parasite. The optimization of the treatment scheme with NE-FtAlCl / PM + TFD is recommendedINTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 LEISHMANIASIS: Generalidades y epidemiología .......................................................... 3
1.1.1. Leishmania spp: ciclo de vida .......................................................................................... 5
1.1.2. Transmisión ...................................................................................................................... 9
1.1.3. Reservorios ..................................................................................................................... 11
1.1.4. Patogénesis ..................................................................................................................... 12
1.1.5. Manifestaciones clínicas................................................................................................. 15
1.1.6. Tratamientos Convencionales ........................................................................................ 21
1.1.7. Tratamientos no Convencionales ................................................................................... 32
1.1.8. Nanobiotecnología aplicada en farmacología ............................................................... 40
2. OBJETIVOS ................................................................................................................................ 43
2.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL .................................................................................................... 43
2.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS ........................................................................................... 43
3. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS .................................................................................................... 44
3.1 MATERIALES ................................................................................................................. 44
3.1.1. Animales ......................................................................................................................... 44
3.1.2. Cepa de Leishmania ....................................................................................................... 44
3.1.3. Fotosensibilizador y medicamentos ................................................................................ 44
3.1.4. Preparación sistema de nanoemulsión ........................................................................... 45
3.1.5. Sistema de irradiación .................................................................................................... 45
3.2 MÉTODOS ....................................................................................................................... 46
3.2.1. Estandarización del modelo de infección ....................................................................... 46
3.2.2. Modelo animal de Leishmaniasis cutánea ...................................................................... 47
3.2.3. Consideraciones éticas ................................................................................................... 52
3.2.4. Análisis de datos ............................................................................................................. 53
4. RESULTADOS ........................................................................................................................... 54
4.1. Estandarización del modelo de infección ......................................................................... 54
4.1.1. Leishmaniasis cutánea experimental en almohadilla de pata trasera derecha .............. 54
4.1.2. Leishmaniasis cutánea experimental en base de la cola ................................................ 62
4.1.3. Evaluación de parámetros de toxicidad ......................................................................... 64
4.2. Modelo experimental de Leishmaniasis cutánea para la evaluación de la efectividad de la TFD y paramomicina ..................................................................................................................... 70
4.2.1. Modelo de LC murina en almohadilla plantar derecha: evaluación de la eficacia clínica70
4.2.2. Modelo de LC murina en almohadilla plantar derecha: evaluación de la eficacia parasitológica ........................................................................................................................... 73
4.2.3. Modelo de LC murina en almohadilla plantar derecha: evaluación de la toxicidad ..... 76
4.2.4. Modelo de LC murina en almohadilla plantar derecha: Biodistribución FtAlCl y PM . 81
4.2.5. Modelo de LC murina en base de la cola: evaluación de la eficacia clínica ................. 81
5. DISCUSIÓN ................................................................................................................................ 89
6. CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................................................................ 99
7. RECOMENDACIONES ................................................................................................................. 100
8. REFERENCIAS .............................................................................................................................. 101Ej. 1MaestríaMagister en Investigación en enfermedades Infecciosa
