1,721,100 research outputs found
Levinas : au-delà du visible
No full textVolume spécial des Cahiers de philosophie de l’Université de Caen consacré à Emmanuel Levinas et contenant notamment le dossier de sa soutenance de thèse
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
L'ipséité et la personne selon Husserl
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, the author considers Husserl's contributions to the theme of selfhood by examining the way in which Husserl overcomes a purely formal philosophical approach to personal identity. The phenomenology of Husserl renders visible the transcendental genesis of an individual in his or her unique individuating temporality. But it remains to be seen how Husserl, whose philosophy overcomes both a forgetting of the flesh and a forgetting of historicity, relates the transcendental "I" to history, and to the specificity of time and place. The author examines the themes of habit and historicity spanning from Husserl's early to his later works, and ultimately highlights the importance of the notion of vocation for thinking through the autoconstitution of transcendental egohood as indissociable from concrete situations.Le terme de personne possède une longue histoire, qui n'est nullement linéaire, et qui se trouve traversée par des tensions très fortes entre prosopon et persona, ou encore entre le masque et le visage, ou enfin entre le concept juridique et le concept biblique de personne, et cette équivocité de la personne demeure dans l'usage contemporain du terme. De fait, le terme de personne n'est pas un terme technique de la philosophie et quand il entre en philosophie cela semble être faute de mieux, comme pour saint Augustin et pour Husserl. 1 En effet, on a recours au terme de personne quand on veut éviter de dire l'âme, le sujet ou l'esprit, c'est-à-dire une partie de la réalité humaine, pour signifier l'homme dans la totalité de son existence, âme et corps. Ce terme permet alors de dire ce qu'il y a de spécifique dans l'existence humaine par opposition aux simples réalités naturelles. La signification du terme de personne est donc d'abord négative : elle est ce qui n'est pas une simple chose naturelle, elle n'est pas une partie. Cependant, il ne suffit pas d'affirmer que la personne n'est pas une chose, il ne suffit pas de refuser pour elle le concept de substance, pour s'arracher à une détermination négative de la personne dans laquelle elle demeure encore dépendante de ce dont elle se détache. L'indétermination de la personne quant à son sens d'être se manifeste clairement dans l'usage très vague qui en est fait aujourd'hui, dans lequel elle est comprise ou d'une façon purement formelle et vide comme un sujet juridique, ou comme un pur noeud de relations contingentes infinies comme dans les sciences humaines. Or, entre cette approche purement formelle et cette approche purement empirique, c'est toujours l'ipséité de la personne qui se trouve manquée. Plus encore, ces deux approches sont dépersonnalisantes, car elles enferment la personne dans la séparation entre l'abstraction d'une constance formelle d'un sujet conscient de lui-même, capable de répondre de lui, et cette autre abstraction d'un individu dépourvu de toute constance propre, qui ne serait que le croisement d'une infinité de déterminations contingentes
From formal ontology to phenomenology. A Husserlian reading of the mathematization of knowledge.
No full textL’objectif de ce travail est de situer l'ontologie formelle dans la phénoménologie husserlienne. Pour ce faire, nous proposons de faire une lecture de l'ontologie formelle qui se distingue d’une approche purement théorique ou mathématique, en la replaçant dans l’histoire de la philosophie telle que conçue par Edmund Husserl. Nous débutons par une analyse sur la mathématisation de la logique, ce qui nous conduit sous la dominance des mathématiques, à la genèse de l’idée de la théorie des théories, à une théorie d’objet sans objet. Ensuite, nous élargissons notre perspective pour examiner la mathématisation des sciences, surtout la mathématisation de la physique. En analysant la crise des sciences, nous mettons en lumière le rapport entre les sciences et leur rapport obligatoire avec la philosophie selon Husserl. À travers une lecture historique allant de Platon à Galilée, centrée sur l’ontologie formelle, nous montrons les critiques essentielles adressées aux sciences modernes par Husserl, et pourquoi, malgré leur développement et leur rigueur mathématique, les sciences empiriques, en particulier la physique, ne peuvent pas fonder une théorie de tout. Enfin, notre étude examine le rapport entre l’ontologie formelle et les ontologies matérielles. Nos analyses dans cette étude justifient la nécessité de la phénoménologie comme la science rigoureuse.The aim of this work is to situate formal ontology within Husserlian phenomenology. To this end, we propose a reading of formal ontology as distinct from a purely theoretical or mathematical approach, by placing it in the history of philosophy as conceived by Edmund Husserl. We begin with an analysis of the mathematization of logic, which leads us, under the dominance of mathematics, to the genesis of the idea of the theory of theories, to a theory of object without object. Next, we broaden our perspective to examine the mathematization of the sciences, especially the mathematization of physics. By analyzing the crisis of the sciences, we highlight the relationship between the sciences and their obligatory relationship with philosophy, according to Husserl. Through a historical reading from Plato to Galileo, centered on formal ontology, we show the essential criticisms addressed to modern sciences by Husserl, and why, despite their development and mathematical rigor, empirical sciences, particularly physics, cannot found a theory of everything. Finally, our study investigates the relationship between formal ontology and material ontologies. Our analyses in this study justify the necessity of phenomenology as the rigorous science
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
La persona como creatura
Full text linkInternational audienceEmmanuel Housset's paper is an effort to revitalize the concept of 'person' for contemporary philosophy and phenomenology To this end the author looks to show how little by little the understanding of 'person' took on a different meaning to that of 'character' or "right bearing individual". It is in authors such as St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas that a different approach is found, one that puts emphasis on the relational and responsive character of a person, rather than on the autonomous and auto telic dimension. According to Housset, such a dimension appears together with the idea of the person as a creation, and in opposition to the idea of the rational individual, that is his own master. The emotional dimension and the personality that is awoken by the many figures of alterity are some of the dimensions of the person that the author analyzes, based on examining the flesh, passions, memory historicity and love.El artículo de Emmanuel Housset implica un esfuerzo de rehabilitación del concepto «persona» para la filosofía contemporánea y la fenomenología. Para ello el autor busca mostrar cómo poco a poco «persona» tomó otra significación que la de «personaje» o sujeto de derecho. Es en autores como san Agustín y santo Tomás de Aquino que se halla un acceso diferente que pone el énfasis más bien en su carácter relacional y responsivo de la persona, antes que en su dimensión autónoma y autotélica. Tal dimensión aparece, según Housset, junto con la idea de persona como creatura y en oposición a la de individuo racional dueño de sí. La dimensión afectiva, la personalidad despertada por las diversas figuras de la alteridad son algunas de las dimensiones de la persona que examina el autor a partir del examen de la carne, las pasiones, la memoria, la historicidad y el amor alteridad
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