59 research outputs found
A Study of the Impact of DNS Resolvers on Performance Using a Causal Approach
No full textFor a user to access any resource on the Internet, it is necessary to first locate a server hosting the requested resource. The Domain Name System service (DNS) represents the first step in this process, translating a human readable name, the resource host name, into an IP address. With the expansion of Content Distribution Networks (CDNs), the DNS service has seen its importance increase. In a CDN, objects are replicated on different servers to decrease the distance from the client to a server hosting the object that needs to be accessed. The DNS service should improve user experience by directing its demand to the optimal CDN server. While most of the Internet Service Providers (ISPs) offer a DNS service to their customers, it is now common to see clients using a public DNS service instead. This choice may have an impact on Web browsing performance. In this paper we study the impact of choosing one DNS service instead of another and we compare the performance of a large European ISP DNS service with the one of a public DNS service, Google DNS. We propose a causal approach to expose the structural dependencies of the different parameters impacted by the DNS service used and we show how to model these dependencies with a Bayesian network. This model allows us to explain and quantify the benefits obtained by clients using their ISP DNS service and to propose a solution to further improve their performanc
La Chose nue : parité, restitution, spectre
No full text“Disappearance” is at the heart of the studies and novels of Hadrien Laroche, who reexamines for us “the thing” in the work of Martin Heidegger, Jacques Derrida, and Meyer Shapiro. We are familiar with the discussion around Van Gogh’s shoes, a still life lively enough to give rise to some very keen, contradictory interpretations. In introducing the Marquis de Sade into the game, the author allows us to broach the delicate question of the human being’s treatment as a thing by both artists and philosophers.La disparition est au cœur des études et des romans de Hadrien Laroche qui revient pour nous sur « la chose » chez Heidegger, Derrida et Schapiro. Nous connaissons la discussion autour des Souliers de Van Gogh, nature morte suffisamment vivante pour susciter des interprétations contradictoires d’une grande vivacité. En introduisant Sade dans le jeu, l’auteur nous permet d’aborder la question délicate du traitement de l’humain comme chose par l’artiste et le philosophe
EaseMarks: Using Secondary Sketch Marks To Author and Communicate Motion Interpolation
No full textMotion interpolation is a process where an animator transforms jerky frame transitions into rich motions that communicate anticipation, urgency, hysteresis, and even calmness. Animators leverage mathematical functions known as easing curves to modify the rate at which in-betweens are added to keyframes. While effective, easing curves are tedious to tune since they fundamentally lack the ability to encode spatial information. Inspired by timing charts and other standards from traditional cel animation, we introduce a motion animation technique where secondary marks, which we term EaseMark (e.g., hatches, loops), are used to denote motion interpolation decisions. We synthesize an EaseMark Sketching Language and evaluate it through a crowdsourced study. This sketching language is then put in practice in a tool that allows animators to author motion interpolation by sketching or selecting different EaseMarks that affect an object\u27s visual and spatial expression over time. We discuss how secondary marks can be used to expand the expressiveness and utility of sketching languages in other complex design practices
Causal study of Network Performance
No full textInternational audienceThe use of Internet in the every day life has pushed its evolution in a very fast way. The heterogeneity of the equipments supporting its networks, as well as the different devices from which it can be accessed, have participated in increasing the complexity of understanding its global behavior and performance. In our study we propose a new method for studying the performance of TCP protocol based on causal graphs. Causal graphs offer models easy to interpret and use. They highlight the structural model of the system they represent and give us access to the causal dependences between the different parameters of the system. One of the major contribution of causal graphs is their ability to predict the effects of an intervention from observations made before this intervention
Link Prediction in the Twitter Mention Network: Impacts of Local Structure and Similarity of Interest
No full textFrom Matter to Urban Politics: Confronting the Grand Paris Urban Project to the Seine River Basin
No full textThe Parisian urban region is currently experiencing Europe’s largest urban transition centered around a 200 km mobility network (the Grand Paris Express) and intended to project the city beyond its historic boundaries and into the 21st century. This inevitable urban restructuring is reconfiguration spatial, socio-political, and cultural relations between the urban center and the periphery but is also considerably affecting the ecological functioning of the larger riverine territory of the Seine Basin from which it depends on. This thesis investigates the ecological, geological, and hydrological consequences of material extraction needed to construct the Parisian Urban Project, looking most notably at sand and aggregate quarries used in the production of concrete. While this graduation project does not look to offer an alternative to extractivism, it looks at applying a material practice of repair on damaged landscapes to mend for past destructive actions and reintegrate post-extraction sites into a larger production system. This project first constitutes a joint narrative between the urban project of the Grand Paris and the territorial project of the Seine watershed. This relational outlook is intended to form nonlinear and dynamic links between the urban and the territorial, land and water, and culture and matter to uncover the uneven and exploitative practices occurring in and around the river system. This project then follows urban matter - materials associated with the construction of the urban - through a forensic exploration, associating socio-cultural crisis with political and economic agendas and their physical manifestation beyond the conventional urban boundaries, looking at cultural and physical forces applied on geologies and the processes of de/re-territorialization of matter. Finally, this thesis formulates a territorial vision embedding a new material cycle in the Seine River Basin and proposing a design intervention towards repair in La Bassée, the last remaining upstream wetland in the watershed. This vision provides a dual social and ecological rehabilitation of post-extraction sites towards an integrated multi-species riverine landscape adapted to the instabilities of the New Climatic Regime.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanis
Ségrégation, lutte territoriale et affrontements identitaires dans un espace post-conflictuel, le cas des militants républicains dans les quartiers nationalistes de Belfast et Derry
No full textCet article traite de l’affrontement identitaire opposant les unionistes aux nationalistes pour la possession de l’espace dans les quartiers de Belfast et Derry. Élément déterminant de la politique et l’identité en Irlande du Nord, l’espace possède une importance stratégique pour garantir la survie d’une communauté dans cette ville ségrégée. En posant l’hypothèse d’une pacification de la lutte territoriale suite à la situation politique post-conflictuelle, l’auteur montre que le conflit spatial est toujours actuel et qu’il exacerbe les antagonismes politiques et identitaires à travers des logiques de provocation et de défense du quartier. En mobilisant des observations participantes et des entretiens avec des militants républicains, l’auteur retranscrit les comportements quotidiens de ces militants ainsi que leurs stratégies offensives et défensives pour maintenir la cohésion de leurs quartiers face aux unionistes.This article deals with the identity confrontation between unionists and nationalists for the possession of space in the Belfast and Derry districts. As a defining element of politics and identity in Northern Ireland, space has a strategic importance to ensure the survival of a community in this segregated city. By making the assumption of a pacification of the territorial struggle following the post-conflict political situation, the author shows that the space conflict is still current ant that it exacerbates political and identity antagonisms through the logic of provocation and defense of the district. By mobilising participating observations and interviews with Republican activists, the author rewrites the daily behaviour of these activists as well as their offensive and defensive strategies to maintain the cohesion of their districts against the unionists
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