1,721,196 research outputs found
Library Technology – Between Local Tools and Global Solutions
No full textAbstract Digital information infrastructures such as Google or Wikipedia are often compared to libraries. As traditional libraries, they support the circulation of knowledge resources. However, they are neither operated by nor designed for library institutions. In order to describe the contribution of libraries to the digital infrastructures of the 21st century more precisely, the term Library Technology is applied in this text. Library Technology will be demarcated from terms such as Digital Libraries, a frequently used concept in Computer Science and colloquial language. The focus lies on present and future developments of infrastructures in science, such as the European Science Cloud (EOSC). It is suggested that the original contribution of libraries to current and future data infrastructure is present but not explicitly visible or referenced in communications. This rather hidden, implicit role is interpreted to be detrimental to the library identity in the 21st century. It is recommended to reference the role of the library more explicitly
Open Access international - lokale Systeme, kooperative Netzwerke und visionäre Infrastrukturen
No full text
Explaining brains by simulation
No full textThe task of explaining brains is hampered by the dynamics and complexity of brains. Complexity results from the extraordinary processing power of brains that is reached by distributing the continuously incoming stream of sensory signals over myriads of nerve cells that all compute “bits and pieces” in parallel. Moreover, explanatory approaches to these computations are to be found on multiple levels of organizations, e.g. electric, molecular, synaptic, networks etc. Thus, the comprehension problem caused by complexity is to keep track where the relevant processes happen. Dynamics occur as the incoming sensory signals are not only processed straight “downstream” towards behavioral response, but are rather recurrently fed into the stream to be compared and computed with sensory signals that come in later. This mix forms an “ongoing brain activity” that cannot be understood as a simple stimulus-response behavior. Thus, the comprehension problem caused by dynamics is to keep track when the relevant processes happen. Explainers of brain phenomena (and their recipients) are permanently challenged to push the limits of their mental capacities in order to handle the dynamics and complexity they find in brains. Simulation is a key to dynamics and complexity. Scientists use it as a standard method to explain even highly dynamic and complex brain phenomena. But the question is: How exactly does simulation help to unlock hardly explainable brain phenomena from dynamics and complexity? For answering this question I propose to focus on mental simulation as a mechanism that generates explanations. A detailed account of mental simulation can reveal the specific problems caused by dynamics and complexity. Solutions to these problems are simultaneously the specific roles of simulation in explaining brains
Forschungsdaten und Bibliotheken – Gedankenexperimente zur Covidpandemie und Einschätzungen
No full textÄndern sich wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken schnell genug?
Full text linkAcademic libraries are under a severe pressure of transforming towards a novel form of information organization. Book circulation, learning space and licensing digital content continue to be core services. But the sciences and the humanities are increasingly requesting support for their novel publishing activities. Open Access in science or digital editions in the humanities, and data-intensive operations in research, e.g. data management plans, research software support or data curation and preservation services become mission critical. Thus, in order to stay the central partner for academic information within the institution, libraries need to change. But how fast could libraries possibly change, if the existing services were also to be continued, particularly considering that budget increases are rare? Experiences at the State and University Library Göttingen (SUB) shall elucidate opportunities and challenges.Akademische Bibliotheken stehen unter dem starken Druck, sich zu einer neuen Form der Informationsorganisation zu entwickeln. Die Verbreitung von Büchern, der Lernraum und die Lizenzierung digitaler Inhalte sind weiterhin Kerndienstleistungen. Aber die Naturwissenschaften und die Geisteswissenschaften fordern zunehmend Unterstützung für neue Publikationsformate und Kommunikationsformen. Open Access in den Naturwissenschaften oder digitalen Editionen in den Geisteswissenschaften sowie datenintensive Aktivitäten in der Forschung, z.B. Datenmanagementpläne, Unterstützung von Forschungssoftware oder Datenkuration und -archivierung werden geschäftskritisch. Um also der zentrale Partner für akademische Informationen innerhalb der Institution zu bleiben, müssen sich die Bibliotheken verändern. Aber wie schnell könnten sich die Bibliotheken verändern, wenn die bestehenden Dienstleistungen auch weitergeführt werden sollten, zumal eine Erhöhung des Budgets selten ist? Erfahrungen an der Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen (SUB) zeigen Chancen und Herausforderungen auf
Open Access international - local systems, cooperative network and visionary infrastructure
No full textWithin the framework of sustainable operational planning, a large portion of open access activities depends upon decentralized open digital storage sites in libraries and other types of institutional infrastructures. While the content is maintained locally, scientists should, of course, be provided with a global, comprehensive content access. Search engines such as MISTER, BASE or Google Scholar represent at present the first steps in this direction. However, in order to make the most of the potential benefits of a clecentral, cooperative content management, and to establish a homogenous infrastructure, local data storage will need to meet high quality standards. Hence, especially in Europe one finds local systems working cooperatively in regional, national and international networks, as for example DINI in Germany or the European-wide DRIVER. A homogenous data infrastructure which offers open access is the prerequisite for developing surplus functions for scientists via Internet, such as annotations, peer review or revision and publication
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