1,720,988 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Optimizing breast cancer therapy: Escalate, when necessary, de-escalate, when possible
No full textIn this thesis, different strategies to optimize therapy for patients with breast cancer are evaluated, either by escalating therapy when necessary or by de-escalating therapy when possible. De-escalating therapy may be possible for patients with a low risk of recurrence and patients with an exceptionally good response to therapy. This reduces morbidity and hence improves quality of life. Therapy should be escalated when necessary to improve efficacy in selected patients with either a high risk of recurrence, insufficient response to therapy or patients with metastatic breast cancer, who are likely to achieve long-term remission, such as patients with oligometastatic breast cancer or patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Some of our most valuable observations include: - In small node-negative tumors chemotherapy was associated with better survival but the effect was most evident in patients with tumors >1 cm and might not outweigh harms in patients with smaller tumors. The latter group are therefore candidates to de-escalate therapy. - Oligometastatic breast cancer has a favorable prognosis compared to metastatic breast cancer in general and three or less metastases seems the ideal cut-off to define oligometastatic breast cancer. This allows better selection of patients to escalate therapy. - In patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, achieving radiological complete remission was the strongest predictor for survival and trastuzumab may be discontinued (de-escalated) in selected patients after achieving radiological complete remission. - Insight into the biology of oligometastatic breast cancer and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer by a detailed characterization of the tumor immune-microenvironment that can further guide optimization of therapy
Optimizing breast cancer therapy: Escalate, when necessary, de-escalate, when possible
No full textIn this thesis, different strategies to optimize therapy for patients with breast cancer are evaluated, either by escalating therapy when necessary or by de-escalating therapy when possible. De-escalating therapy may be possible for patients with a low risk of recurrence and patients with an exceptionally good response to therapy. This reduces morbidity and hence improves quality of life. Therapy should be escalated when necessary to improve efficacy in selected patients with either a high risk of recurrence, insufficient response to therapy or patients with metastatic breast cancer, who are likely to achieve long-term remission, such as patients with oligometastatic breast cancer or patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Some of our most valuable observations include: - In small node-negative tumors chemotherapy was associated with better survival but the effect was most evident in patients with tumors >1 cm and might not outweigh harms in patients with smaller tumors. The latter group are therefore candidates to de-escalate therapy. - Oligometastatic breast cancer has a favorable prognosis compared to metastatic breast cancer in general and three or less metastases seems the ideal cut-off to define oligometastatic breast cancer. This allows better selection of patients to escalate therapy. - In patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, achieving radiological complete remission was the strongest predictor for survival and trastuzumab may be discontinued (de-escalated) in selected patients after achieving radiological complete remission. - Insight into the biology of oligometastatic breast cancer and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer by a detailed characterization of the tumor immune-microenvironment that can further guide optimization of therapy
Improving immunotherapy for breast cancer patients
No full textIn this thesis, we aimed to explore short-term immune induction treatments to prime breast tumors for immunotherapy response and to investigate immune responses in breast cancer for improved patient selection. In the TONIC-trial, a two-week induction treatment with low-dose chemotherapy or irradiation, most notably doxorubicin or cisplatin, followed by immunotherapy was able to induce clinical and immunological responses in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (no expression of the hormone receptor; TNBC). Comprehensive examination of tumor biopsies and blood samples from these patients revealed that eosinophils, a type of immune cell typically involved in allergic reactions, were strongly increased in the blood and tumors of TNBC patients responding to immunotherapy. Using mouse models, we demonstrate that eosinophils are an essential link between other immune cells to induce immunotherapy responses. In the GELATO-trial, we investigated the clinical efficacy of twelve weeks of low-dose carboplatin in combination with immunotherapy in patients with metastatic lobular breast cancer and found this regimen to be mainly effective in patients with triple-negative lobular breast cancer. Furthermore, we demonstrate that breast tumors with low or moderate expression of the hormone receptor have comparable immunological characteristics as TNBC, thereby potentially identifying a subgroup that might benefit from immunotherapy. In summary, in this thesis we have identified new avenues that can be used to further investigate rationale immunotherapy combinations in breast cancer and to explore potential biomarkers for immunotherapy response
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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