1,720,961 research outputs found
Designing Virtual Environment Scenes: Does Polygon Count Affect Virtual Reality Immersion Level?
No full textVirtual reality (VR) has evolved rapidly over the past two decades, offering users more immersive and engaging experiences than television or a desktop computer. To achieve an immersive experience in VR, it is often necessary to balance visual realism with the performance of the VR programme. Whether the VR application is for therapy, immersive experiences, or gaming, the effectiveness of a VR project is closely related to the level of immersion it can provide. For example, a large number of polygons in a virtual environment requires more data storage space on the computer and the VR device. It can lead to poor frame rates, display delay and lag during the project runtime, which affects the immersive VR experience. Since applying high-polygon-count models in VR environments demands higher processing power and performance requirements, it is important to understand whether they can significantly improve user immersion compared to low-detail and performance-efficient low-polygon-count models.
This study designed and constructed two virtual scenes with the same theme and content, one with a high-polygon-count model and one with a low-polygon-count model, with a 30-fold difference in polygon count between the two scenes. As two test conditions, both scenes used the same materials and lighting, differing only in the 3D model detail. The resulting scenes were evaluated to determine whether the polygon count in the 3D model affected users’ immersion perceived in VR environments. Twenty-two participants tested these scenes using a Meta Quest 3 headset, with immersion evaluations through objective heart rate monitoring and subjective post-test questionnaires.
The results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in immersion between the high-polygon and low-polygon conditions, which means that immersive experiences do not depend directly on the number of polygons. The findings also support previous studies related to model realism, suggesting that only increasing the polygon count does not significantly affect the presence or immersion in the VR experience. This study provides some suggestions for VR designers balancing visual realism and project performance. Finally, this study validates that immersion cannot be explained by a single dimension and provides a reusable mixed evaluation approach for future research
Designing Experimental Tests to Evaluate the Influence of AI-Generated Content on Human Short-Term Memory
No full textThe widespread integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into daily life has raised important questions about their cognitive impact. One critical area of interest is short-term memory, which plays a vital role in learning and task performance. However, little is known about how AI-generated content, such as synthetic voices, affects memory processes compared to traditional human-generated materials.
This study investigates whether AI-generated audio influences human short-term memory performance differently than human-recorded equivalents. Using a custom-built interactive platform developed in Unity Engine, participants (n = 46) completed 14 memory-based tasks across three categories: letter recall, digit span, and multimedia comprehension. The test materials in the multimedia condition consisted of real-world video clips, combining voiceover and supportive imagery to reinforce content comprehension. Only the voiceovers varied across conditions---either AI-generated or human-recorded---while the accompanying visuals remained identical. Accuracy and reaction time were recorded and analysed.
Findings suggest that while participants exposed to human voices demonstrated significantly better performance in digit span and multimedia tasks, there was no statistically significant difference in letter recall accuracy between the two voice conditions. These results indicate that the cognitive load associated with AI-generated voices may become more pronounced in complex tasks requiring sequence retention or semantic integration.
This research contributes to the understanding of AI's cognitive effects and offers design implications for AI-based educational tools, voice interfaces, and memory training applications. It also highlights the importance of task complexity, voice naturalness, and user language proficiency in shaping memory outcomes, suggesting the need for more user-centred and cognitively-informed AI content delivery strategies
Pictorial markers with hidden codes and their potential applications
No full textMost of the today’s Augmented Reality (AR) applications would use either black and white data markers or pictorial (template) markers to allocate, identify, and render the virtual information on the real scene. The data markers, in general, do not deliver meaningful visual information to users; whereas, the template markers suffer from the system processing complexity. However, they both survive until today as each of these markers has many uniquely worthy points which could resolve other’s drawbacks.
In this thesis, we propose several different novel concept designs of AR marker which combine the technical advantages of both data markers and template markers. These markers are capable of embedding either a one-dimensional bar-code or a two-dimensional quick response (QR) code in a coloured figure to enhance AR experiences. They are not only aiming to improve the system performance but also present the useful and meaningful realistic-looking graphical content to the users. Another advantage of our proposed markers is that they could provide self-error detection and correction which could help to recover the lost information. In short, these following markers will be introduced within this thesis:
• Pictorial Marker with Hidden Bar-code (PMBC) is capable of hiding a single one-dimensional bar-code in a graphical content using autostereogram theory.
• Curtain Styled Pictorial Marker (CSPM) is capable of embedding the two dimensional QR code in a coloured figure and also provides a correct orientation of virtual objects.
• Envelope Styled Pictorial Marker (ESPM) is an improved method of CSPM which could provide wider graphical content visualisation and more accurate self-error detection and correction.
We conducted the several different experimental exercises have been conducted to qualify our proposed methods on technical performances. We have also presented few proposed marker physical prototypes and produced several working demos. Moreover, our proposed markers have an equivalent system processing performance to it of data markers whereas the visual information remains unchanged
Pictorial markers with hidden codes and their potential applications
No full textMost of the today’s Augmented Reality (AR) applications would use either black and white data markers or pictorial (template) markers to allocate, identify, and render the virtual information on the real scene. The data markers, in general, do not deliver meaningful visual information to users; whereas, the template markers suffer from the system processing complexity. However, they both survive until today as each of these markers has many uniquely worthy points which could resolve other’s drawbacks.
In this thesis, we propose several different novel concept designs of AR marker which combine the technical advantages of both data markers and template markers. These markers are capable of embedding either a one-dimensional bar-code or a two-dimensional quick response (QR) code in a coloured figure to enhance AR experiences. They are not only aiming to improve the system performance but also present the useful and meaningful realistic-looking graphical content to the users. Another advantage of our proposed markers is that they could provide self-error detection and correction which could help to recover the lost information. In short, these following markers will be introduced within this thesis:
• Pictorial Marker with Hidden Bar-code (PMBC) is capable of hiding a single one-dimensional bar-code in a graphical content using autostereogram theory.
• Curtain Styled Pictorial Marker (CSPM) is capable of embedding the two dimensional QR code in a coloured figure and also provides a correct orientation of virtual objects.
• Envelope Styled Pictorial Marker (ESPM) is an improved method of CSPM which could provide wider graphical content visualisation and more accurate self-error detection and correction.
We conducted the several different experimental exercises have been conducted to qualify our proposed methods on technical performances. We have also presented few proposed marker physical prototypes and produced several working demos. Moreover, our proposed markers have an equivalent system processing performance to it of data markers whereas the visual information remains unchanged
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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