6,653 research outputs found
Modelling and Projecting Mortality Rates Using Adaptive P-splines
No full textIn this thesis we propose models for estimating and projecting mortality rates using adaptive splines. Mortality modelling has various applications from social planning to insurance. However, raw mortality data often exhibits irregular patterns due to randomness. The data at the oldest ages are also very scarce and unreliable as there are only very little survivors at these ages, adding difficulty to estimation. Graduation refers to the act of smoothing crude mortality rates, during which extrapolation to older ages where data is non-existent is usually also performed. We first propose a flexible and robust model for mortality graduation of static life tables using adaptive splines. Male and female mortality rates are graduated jointly, as opposed to previous English Life Tables (ELTs) where they were smoothed independently. Therefore our model borrows information across sexes, which is especially helpful at the oldest ages. Oftenwhen male and female mortality rates are estimated independently, implausible age patterns may occur, such as intersecting male and female mortality schedules. This has been addressed using rather ad hoc procedures in previous ELTs, for example, by calculating the weighted average of the estimated mortality rates starting at the age where they intersect or by discarding data at the oldest ages. By utilising the locality of B-spline basis, constraints can be imposed effectively such that female mortality rates are always lower than or equal to male mortality rates at all ages, even at extrapolation ages, hence does not involve subjective adjustments.We then extend the model to forecast mortality rates. Building upon models by Dodd et al. (2020) and Hilton et al. (2019), we jointly model and project male and female mortality rates of England Wales and Scotland. The joint sex model produces more reasonable long term male and female mortality projections that are non intersecting. Information is borrowed at the highest ages where exposures are small. By doing so the extrapolation to higher ages beyond data range gives more plausible estimates, especially for the mortality improvement rates for females at the oldest ages where a worsening mortality is otherwise projected. We also jointly model mortality rates of the same sex across the two countries, as they are expected to have similar mortality structures for the same sex. England Wales populations have a wider age range with availabledata, therefore the joint country model provides a way for the smaller Scottish populations toborrow information and learn from the bigger English Welsh populations. The joint countrymodel is able to produce non-divergent long term projections between the countries for bothmales and females.Finally, a joint model for all of the four populations is proposed. The model combines featuresof the joint sex and joint country models, and borrows strength across sexes and countries.<br/
Purchasing behavior of personal computers in Hong Kong.
No full textby Kwan Hon-kong William [and] Tang Wai-fan Ofilia.Bibliography: leaf 101Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 198
Joint modelling of male and female mortality rates using adaptive P-splines
No full textRaw mortality data often exhibit irregular patterns due to randomness. Graduation refers to the act of smoothing crude mortality rates. In this paper, we propose a flexible and robust methodology for graduating mortality rates using adaptive P-splines. Since the observed data at high ages are often sparse and unreliable, we use an exponentially increasing penalty. We use mortality data of England and Wales and model male and female mortality rates jointly by means of penalties, achieving borrowing of information between the two sexes.</p
Tang Code, Tang Rite, and Other Manuscripts of Tang Dynasty
No full textIn the present paper, the author gives the preliminary reports on three newly found Tang 唐 official documents, pointing out their important value, and offering the all texts for further studies.1. In Tunhuang and Turfan Documents concerning Social and Economic History I. Legal Texts (Tokyo 1978-1980), Professors T. Yamamoto, O. Ikeda, and M. Okano published the joined texts of O. 5098 and O. 8099 from Otani collection. They identified the fragments with the Section on Violence and Robbery of the Tang Code (唐律), and pointed out the article comes from the Yonghui 永徽 or Chuigong 垂拱 Code according to the Zetian 則天 characters used in the Buddhist text on the verso. The author joins another fragment based on an old photograph of the Turfan document preserved in the Lüshun Museum (旅順博物館). The new text contains one different article from the printed text after the Song 宋 dynasty.2. Among the Dunhuang 敦煌 manuscripts in the National Library of China in Beijing, there is a good copy of the Tang Rite (唐礼) in high Tang characters (No. zhou 周 70A). It contains the text corresponding to the Da Tang Kaiyuan li 大唐開元礼, vol. 37: “Huangdi shixiang yu Taimiao 皇帝時享於太廟”. It is the first time to find the book in Dunhuang or Turfan manuscripts.3. In his Dunhuang Turfan Tangdai fazhi wenshu kaoshi 敦煌吐魯番唐代法制文書考釈, Liu Junwen thought the document of zhou 51 should be the Regulations of the Regional Military Organization. But the form of the original document could not conform to the Tang Regulations, so the author refutes his view and thinks that it is an official document relating to the beacon of the military fortress in the area of Dunhuang or Turfan.journal articl
Tang O 1950-1954
No full textA report on the village of Tang O, detailing its location, the current projects there, and the resources available
Veterans Court Panel
No full textPanel Moderator: Katy Tang, Supervisor, City of San Francisco
Panelists:
Hon. Cynthia M. Lee (JD \u2774, SJD \u2701), San Francisco Superior Court Elizabeth Brett, Veterans Administration, San Francisco Medical Center Kevin Dunleavy, Chief Asst. D.A., Alameda County Gary Solis, Lt. Col., U.S. Marie Corps
Reinventing the Pre-Tang Tradition: Compiling and Publishing Pre-Tang Poetry Anthologies in Sixteenth-Century China
No full textAbstract
This article examines how the making of pre-Tang poetry anthologies in sixteenth-century Ming China led to a reinvention of the pre-Tang poetic tradition. From the Zhengde period 正德 (1506–21) well into the Wanli reign 萬曆 (1573–1620), the compilation and publication of new pre-Tang poetry anthologies saw a dramatic increase, making the anthologizing practices in the 1500s crucial to understanding the pre-Tang tradition. Through a study of paratextual elements (book titles, tables of contents, prefaces, postscripts, etc.) in twenty-two pre-Tang poetry anthologies compiled in the 1500s, this article identifies three types of anthologizing practices. By employing quantitative and network analysis, the author hopes to historicize these practices, investigate the motivations for the anthologies, and explore their citation networks. These anthologizing practices, I conclude, gradually transformed the classification principles of previous anthologies, expanded the scope of canonized anthologies, and established a distinct pre-Tang tradition by the end of the sixteenth century.</jats:p
#595 Communist China Today.
No full textParticipants include: Dr. Peter S.H. Tang, Author of Communist China Today, Lecturer in International Relations, Georgetown University Dr. Paul M.A. Linebarger, School of Advanced International Studies, John Hopkins University Hon. Stanley K. Hornbeck, Diplomat and Autho
Effects of anterolateral minimally invasive surgery in total hip arthroplasty on hip muscle
No full textFig. 1 in Polyneurines A H, iboga alkaloids from Tabernaemontana polyneura
No full textFig. 1. Structures of compounds 1–11, 14, and 20–21.Published as part of Tang, Sin-Yee, Tan, Chun-Hoe, Sim, Kae-Shin, Yong, Kien-Thai, Lim, Kuan-Hon, Low, Yun-Yee & Lim, Siew-Huah, 2023, Polyneurines A H, iboga alkaloids from Tabernaemontana polyneura, pp. 113587 in Phytochemistry (113587) 208 on page 2, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113587, http://zenodo.org/record/816067
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