1,721,002 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Characterization of alpha-synuclein transport in the digestive system
No full textSve više dokaza upućuje na probavni sustav kao važan etiopatogenetski čimbenik u Parkinsonovoj bolesti (PB). Simptomi vezani uz probavni sustav prevalentni su i javljaju se u prodromalnom stadiju bolesti, a patološki agregati alfa sinukleina (ɑS) u enteričkom živčanom sustavu (EŽS) opisani su prije nakupljanja u mozgu. Bakterijski i prehrambeni sinukleini mogli bi biti važan pokretač agregacije ɑS-a u EŽS-u, međutim, u ovom trenutku apsorpcija i translokacija luminalnog ɑS-a još uvijek nije istražena. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je postaviti i validirati ex vivo model translokacije luminalnog ɑS-a kroz probavnu sluznicu miša i štakora te ispitati mehanizme translokacije. Istraživanja provedena u okviru ovog diplomskog rada pokazala su da ex vivo inkubacija fluorescentno obilježenog αS-a s probavnom sluznicom može poslužiti kao vrijedan model za proučavanje patofizioloških mehanizama povezanih sa sinukleinopatijama. Nakon luminalnog izlaganja, egzogeni αS u najvećoj mjeri nalazi se u epitelnim stanicama (uključujući i epitelne stanice odljuštene u lumen). Nakon toga, luminalni αS nakuplja se stanicama koje izražavaju biljege enteroendokrinih stanica i živčanih stanica, a najvažniji originalni doprinos ovog diplomskog rada je nakupljanje αS-a u enteroglijalnim stanicama što do ovog trenutka nije opisano u literaturi. Radni model postavljen na temelju provedenog istraživanja pretpostavlja translokaciju luminalnog αS kroz stanice probavnog epitela nakon čega dolazi do nakupljanja u nastavcima živčanih i enteroglijalnih stanica koje bi mogle biti ključni posrednici u prijenosu do spletova EŽS-a. Razumijevanje prijenosa αS-a u probavnom sustavu moglo bi doprinijeti razvoju novih ciljanih terapija koje bi mogle spriječiti nastanak i usporiti napredovanje PB-a.There is increasing evidence pointing to the digestive system as a key etiopathogenetic factor in Parkinson's disease (PD). Gastrointestinal symptoms are prevalent and occur during the prodromal stage of the disease, and pathological aggregates of alpha-synuclein (ɑS) in the enteric nervous system (ENS) have been observed before their accumulation in the brain. Bacterial and dietary synucleins could be important triggers for ɑS aggregation in the ENS; however, the absorption and translocation of luminal ɑS have not yet been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this thesis was to establish and validate an ex vivo model of luminal ɑS translocation through the digestive mucosa of mice and rats, and to examine the mechanisms of this translocation. The studies conducted as part of this thesis demonstrated that ex vivo incubation of fluorescently labeled αS with the digestive mucosa can serve as a valuable model for studying pathophysiological mechanisms related to synucleinopathies. Following luminal exposure, exogenous αS was predominantly found in epithelial cells (including epithelial cells shed into the lumen). Subsequently, luminal αS accumulates in cells expressing markers of enteroendocrine and neuronal cells. The most significant original contribution of this thesis is the accumulation of αS in enteroglial cells, a finding that has not been previously described in the literature. The working model proposed based on this research suggests the translocation of luminal αS through digestive epithelial cells, followed by accumulation in the extensions of neuronal and enteroglial cells, which could be key mediators in the transfer to ENS networks. Understanding the translocation of αS in the digestive system could contribute to the development of novel targeted therapies that may prevent the onset and slow the progression of PD
Opportunities and risks of ChatGPT in medicine, science, and academic publishing: a modern Promethean dilemma
Get PDFVariations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Characterization of alpha-synuclein transport in the digestive system
No full textSve više dokaza upućuje na probavni sustav kao važan etiopatogenetski čimbenik u Parkinsonovoj bolesti (PB). Simptomi vezani uz probavni sustav prevalentni su i javljaju se u prodromalnom stadiju bolesti, a patološki agregati alfa sinukleina (ɑS) u enteričkom živčanom sustavu (EŽS) opisani su prije nakupljanja u mozgu. Bakterijski i prehrambeni sinukleini mogli bi biti važan pokretač agregacije ɑS-a u EŽS-u, međutim, u ovom trenutku apsorpcija i translokacija luminalnog ɑS-a još uvijek nije istražena. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je postaviti i validirati ex vivo model translokacije luminalnog ɑS-a kroz probavnu sluznicu miša i štakora te ispitati mehanizme translokacije. Istraživanja provedena u okviru ovog diplomskog rada pokazala su da ex vivo inkubacija fluorescentno obilježenog αS-a s probavnom sluznicom može poslužiti kao vrijedan model za proučavanje patofizioloških mehanizama povezanih sa sinukleinopatijama. Nakon luminalnog izlaganja, egzogeni αS u najvećoj mjeri nalazi se u epitelnim stanicama (uključujući i epitelne stanice odljuštene u lumen). Nakon toga, luminalni αS nakuplja se stanicama koje izražavaju biljege enteroendokrinih stanica i živčanih stanica, a najvažniji originalni doprinos ovog diplomskog rada je nakupljanje αS-a u enteroglijalnim stanicama što do ovog trenutka nije opisano u literaturi. Radni model postavljen na temelju provedenog istraživanja pretpostavlja translokaciju luminalnog αS kroz stanice probavnog epitela nakon čega dolazi do nakupljanja u nastavcima živčanih i enteroglijalnih stanica koje bi mogle biti ključni posrednici u prijenosu do spletova EŽS-a. Razumijevanje prijenosa αS-a u probavnom sustavu moglo bi doprinijeti razvoju novih ciljanih terapija koje bi mogle spriječiti nastanak i usporiti napredovanje PB-a.There is increasing evidence pointing to the digestive system as a key etiopathogenetic factor in Parkinson's disease (PD). Gastrointestinal symptoms are prevalent and occur during the prodromal stage of the disease, and pathological aggregates of alpha-synuclein (ɑS) in the enteric nervous system (ENS) have been observed before their accumulation in the brain. Bacterial and dietary synucleins could be important triggers for ɑS aggregation in the ENS; however, the absorption and translocation of luminal ɑS have not yet been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this thesis was to establish and validate an ex vivo model of luminal ɑS translocation through the digestive mucosa of mice and rats, and to examine the mechanisms of this translocation. The studies conducted as part of this thesis demonstrated that ex vivo incubation of fluorescently labeled αS with the digestive mucosa can serve as a valuable model for studying pathophysiological mechanisms related to synucleinopathies. Following luminal exposure, exogenous αS was predominantly found in epithelial cells (including epithelial cells shed into the lumen). Subsequently, luminal αS accumulates in cells expressing markers of enteroendocrine and neuronal cells. The most significant original contribution of this thesis is the accumulation of αS in enteroglial cells, a finding that has not been previously described in the literature. The working model proposed based on this research suggests the translocation of luminal αS through digestive epithelial cells, followed by accumulation in the extensions of neuronal and enteroglial cells, which could be key mediators in the transfer to ENS networks. Understanding the translocation of αS in the digestive system could contribute to the development of novel targeted therapies that may prevent the onset and slow the progression of PD
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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