1,720,962 research outputs found
Changes in clinically relevant goals and therapy outcome: A study with inpatients undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy
No full textAccording to the consistency theory [1] clinically relevant goals, as explicated by Grosse Holtforth and Grawe [2,3], play a prominent role in the development, maintenance and therapy of psychological disorders. Thus effective psychotherapies should ''normalize" the subjective importance of these goals. These changes should be positively associated with the success of psychotherapy. To test these assumptions, clinically relevant goals of 64 inpatients undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy were assessed by the Inventory of Approach and Avoidance Goals (German: Fragebogen zur Analyse motivationaler Schemata, FAMOS) [2] before and after therapy. Results show effects of normalization, as expected, especially on scales associated with psychopathology in former studies
Reduction of incongruence in inpatient psychotherapy
No full textAccording to consistency theory, incongruence between individual perceptions and goals reduces well-being and increases the risk for the development and further maintenance of psychopathological disorders. Successful psychotherapy should therefore reduce the level of incongruence and therapy outcome should be associated with the reduction of incongruence. To test these hypotheses the level of incongruence was assessed in a sample of 62 inpatients undergoing cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) before and after treatment using the Incongruence Questionnaire. Pre-post differences were then correlated with other outcome measures and factor analysis was used to assess the underlying dimensionality of all outcome measures. The level of congruence was reduced substantially by inpatient CBT, changes were positively related to other measures of psychotherapy outcome and incongruence loaded strongly on only one of two emerging factors. Incongruence can be seen as an independent construct. It seems advisable to assess level of incongruence at the beginning of each psychotherapy for effective planning of treatment and at the end of therapy for a comprehensive outcome measurement. The reduction of high levels of incongruence must be seen as an important higher level goal in psychotherapy. Further research has to clarify under what conditions the reduction of incongruence is especially important and what methods are most effective to do so. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd
Empirically based guidelines for goal-finding procedures in psychotherapy: Are some goals easier to attain than others?
No full textTreatment goals are either proposed by a patient or deduced from the case formulation of the therapist. To optimize goal-finding procedures in psychotherapy, therapists need an empirical point of reference to estimate the degree of goal attainment that can be expected for a specific treatment goal. To establish such an empirical basis, treatment goal categories of the primary treatment goals of 2,770 inpatients undergoing cognitive - behavioral therapy were categorized by the Bern Inventory of Treatment Goals. The levels of goal attainment were then compared with respect to 48 different goal categories. The results indicate that goal attainment differs according to treatment goal categories, even if confounding characteristics of the patient are controlled for
The value of treatment-goal themes for treatment planning and outcome evaluation of psychiatric inpatients
No full textBackground: The taxonomy of treatment-goal themes of the Bern Inventory of Treatment Goals (BIT-T) has shown to be a comprehensive coding system for outpatient use. Aim: The current study examines the value of the BIT-T for treatment planning and outcome evaluation of psychiatric inpatients. Method: The 1991 treatment goals of 675 predominantly non-psychotic psychiatric inpatients were coded using the BIT-T Ratings of goal-related changes by patients and length of stay were used as outcome criteria. Results: The BIT-T showed to be reliable and exhaustive. Distributions of goal themes are partially associated with diagnoses. Goal-related improvements as well as length of hospital stay differed depending on the themes of patients' treatment goals. Conclusions: Coding of treatment-goal themes with the BIT-T provides researchers as well as practitioners with valuable information that goes beyond psychopathological diagnoses. This information can be used clinically for treatment planning as well as outcome evaluation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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