1,720,974 research outputs found
The Application of Behaviour Analysis to the Coaching of Academy Football Players: Towards a Technology of Elite Player Development
No full textMany years of deliberate practice are required for the attainment of expertise (Ericsson, Krampe, & Tesch-Romer, 1993; Bloom, 1985), yet guidance for coaches responsible for the provision of practice to develop young sporting talent is sparse (Martindale, Collins & Daubney, 2005), The result is a coaching process directed by intuition and tradition rather than science informed by empirical findings (Williams & Hodges, 2005). This research examined the application of behaviour analysis, a science of behaviour to the coaching of boys at an English professional football club academy. Three single subject experiments were conducted (multiple baseline and alternating treatment designs) that assessed the effects of coaching interventions on the quality of practice, performance and learning of football technique and the potential for the frequent measurement of performance during coaching to guide this talent development process.Experiment 1 assessed the impact of a fluency building practice programme with self-monitoring and goal setting on the learning of non-dominant foot technique. Findingsshowed that practice with self-monitoring and charting made a noticeable improvement to passing frequency, which for some players generalised to the game with increased andimproved non-dominant foot passing. Fluency practice had limited effect on non-dominant foot turns and no increase in aerial control in the game. It was hypothesised that the lack of a significant consequence for goal attainment limited the development of fluent turning and juggling technique and the lack of generalisation to the game.Experiment 2 compared the effects of goal setting alone, an individual contingency and a group contingency on learning football ‘juggling’ sequences and effort in practice.Results showed that the individual contingency (a signed player photograph) and the group contingency (extra game time) improved technical learning, the group contingencypromoted greater effort in practice but goal setting alone did not promote significant learning or practice effort. Experiment 3 measured performance and learning in a grouptechnical practice. Peer-assessed feedback, goal setting and a group contingency improved awareness, passing and first touch performance in practice which, for most players was maintained when the intervention was removed. Findings also showed that players were willing and able to assess their peers to collect accurate and reliable outcome data on performance to enhance the coaching process.Overall, the findings indicated that the coaching and measurement procedures provided valuable and reliable outcome data on all players and served to increase playerperformance and satisfaction during practice. Implications for the generation of performance standards for core practice tasks and the development of repeatable andmeasurable systems (a technology) of elite player identification, coaching and development were made
Effects of Peer-Assessed Feedback, Goal Setting and a Group Contingency on Performance and Learning by Academy Youth Soccer Players
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Effects of goal setting, individual and group contingencies on learning and effort by talented youth soccer players
No full textkoamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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