1,721,094 research outputs found
Neurostimulation in tactile perception
Full text linkNeurostimulation techniques are used to study the healthy human central and peripheral nervous system non-invasively by stimulating neural tissue magnetically or electrically. Such approaches have been successfully applied to study the motor system as well as several other brain systems. This chapter will focus on stimulation of the somatosensory system. Typically, neurostimulation is applied to a certain brain area by positioning a coil (e.g., in transcranial magnetic stimulation, TMS) or an electrode (e.g., transcranial electrical stimulation, TES) on the scalp location over the brain area of interest. When primary motor cortex (M1) is stimulated with TMS, motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and twitches are observed in the targeted muscles of the body. However, unlike over M1, stimulation to somatosensory and other cortices does not produce immediately observable outputs. This introduces problems of localization and other challenges, such as the optimal experimental designs and behavioral tasks, when using neurostimulation to study tactile perception. This chapter will describe and evaluate these approaches. Practical and participant-specific difficulties will be noted. Neurostimulation methods offer relatively cheap and reliable means of modulating somatosensation, yet care is required to ensure that the experimental design is adequate, that the optimal location is stimulated, and that the data are able to answer your theoretical question
Synthesis and coordination of stibine and bismuthine ligands with transition metals
No full textThe complexes trans[RuX2L4] (X = Cl, Br, I; L = AsMe2Ph, SbMe2Ph) and trans-[RuX2(L-L)2] (X = Cl, Br, I; L-L = Ph2Sb(CH2)3SbPh2) have been prepared from RuCl3.nH2O, LiX and L and from [Ru(dmf)6][CF3SO3]3 (dmf = dimethylformamide), LiX and L or L-L. Oxidation of trans-[RuX2L4] and trans-[RuX2(L-L)2] to trans[RuX2L4][BF4] and trans-[RuX2(L-L)2][BF4] has been achieved either using AgBF4 in CH2Cl2 or concentrated HNO3 in aqueous HBF4. The complexes have been characterised by analysis, UV-Vis, IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy and the RuII -RuIII oxidations probed by cyclic voltammetry.Complexes of the distibinomethane ligands, Ph2SbCH2SbPh2 (dpsm) or Me2SbCH2SbMe2 (dmsm) with copper, silver, gold, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium and osmium have been prepared. Complexes have been characterised by analysis, mass spectrometry and multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C,{1H}, 63Cu, 109Ag and 195Pt). The single crystal structures of cis, trans-[{PtCl2(dpsm)}2], cis, trans-[{PtBr2(dpsm)}2] and cis, trans-[{PdBr2(dpsm)}2] have been determined and show unique geometries. Single crystal structures of trans, trans-[{PdI2(dpsm)}2] and [RuI2(dpsm)3] have also been determined the last being the first reported example of dpsm acting as a chelate.Complexes of triphenylantimony and the distibinomethane ligands with manganese and rhenium carbonyls and carbonyl halides have been prepared for [Mn2(CO)10], [Re2(CO)10], [Mn(CO)5Cl] and [Re(CO)5Cl]. The single crystal X-ray structures of ax-[Mn2(CO)9(SbPh3)], [Mn2(CO)6(dpsm)2], [Mn(CO)5(SbPh3)][CR3SO3] and fac-[Re(CO)3Cl(SbPh3)2] have also been obtained.Substituted group 6 carbonyl complexes of the distibinomethane ligands of types [M(CO)5(η1dpsm)], [(OC)4M(μ-dpsm)2M(CO)4] and [(OC)4M(μ-dmsm)2M(CO)4] (M = Cr, Mo, W) have been prepared. The single crystal structures of all tungsten complexes have also been obtained. The effect of coordination on the C-Sb-C angles and the Sb-C lengths in dpsm and SbPh3 has also been examined using the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD).</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
