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Single-incision thoracoscopic right pneumonectomy with primary division of the pulmonary artery.
Get PDFIn recent years video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) techniques have gained popularity also for major lung resections. Furthermore, especially in experienced VATS centers, single-incision thoracoscopic surgery is more and more adapted due to its even lesser invasiveness. Most thoracic surgeons still prefer an open approach to perform pneumonectomy, although reports of VATS and even single-incision VATS pneumonectomy are increasing. Unlike other authors we prefer to divide the pulmonary artery (PA) as one of the first steps of the procedure in order to obtain a clear field of vision on one hand and to obtain optimal control of bleeding and total blood loss on the other hand. Herein we describe our technique for single incision thoracoscopic right pneumonectomy and mediastinal lymphadenectomy without rib-spreading and with division of the PA as a first step. Furthermore we prefer to routinely cover the bronchial stump (BS) with an in situ azygos vein (AV) flap during right pneumonectomy
Diagnosis of cardiac metastasis from cervical cancer in a 33-year-old patient using multimodal imaging studies: a case report and literature review.
Get PDFWe report a case of a 33-year-old woman with emergency admission due to dyspnoea and fever. History included squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix in complete remission. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scanning of the chest, which was indicated to rule out pneumonia, revealed an infiltrative cardiac mass. Further assessment of the tumour by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed transmural infiltration of the apical interventricular septum with a mass extending into the left and right ventricle cavities. The mass was highly suspicious for a cardiac metastasis. Cardiac metastases from cervical cancer are extremely rare. Recurrence of cervical carcinoma involving the heart should be considered even after a curative therapy approach. Non-invasive imaging plays a paramount role in investigating cardiac masses. Echocardiography, CT and MRI are complementary imaging modalities for complete work-up of intracardiac lesions
Procalcitonin and brain natriuretic peptide as parameters in the postoperative course of patients with major pulmonary resection
No full textPostoperative infections and cardiac events are the major morbidity factors after thoracic surgery and dominating causes of death. Therefore, a sensitive blood marker is needed for an early diagnosis of complications. Twenty-two patients admitted with lung cancer were enrolled in this study. Procalcitonin, brain natriuretic peptide, C-reactive peptide and interleukin-6 levels were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively on days 1-5. Laboratory values of patients with cardiac or infectious complications were compared to patients without complications. During postoperative course procalcitonin and brain natriuretic peptide levels elevated in all patients, but both had higher peak levels in patients with infectious or cardiac complication than without these complications. Interleukin-6 levels were increased on day one and showed a slower decrease in case of complications than without complications. In general, brain natriuretic peptide and procalcitonin levels are increased in the postoperative course after major pulmonary resection, but cardiac and infectious complications are associated with higher levels and a slower decrease than without complications. Interleukin-6 levels showed a slower decrease in patients with complications in the postoperative course than without complications. So the combination of procalcitonin, brain natriuretic peptide, and interleukin-6 seems to be useful for an optimized postoperative monitoring
Langerhans cell histiocytosis as differential diagnosis of a mediastinal tumor
Get PDFWe describe the case of a 55-year-old man who presented with parasternal swelling. The chest CT scan showed a large tumor of the chest wall infiltrating the subcutaneous tissue. To assume histologic diagnosis an open biopsy was performed. Between the myofibrils a coarse, white tumor with infiltrative growth was noted. Histopathologic examination revealed expanded atrophic skeletal muscle that was infiltrated by histiocytic cells. Numerous eosinophilic granulocytes and lymphocytes CD20 and CD3 positive could be detected and immunohistochemical staining was also positive for S-100 proteins and CD1a. Histologic findings were characteristic of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). To the best of our knowledge a LCH originating from the mediastinum in an adult as presented has not been previously described
5-Fluorouracil, Folinsäure und Interferon alpha 2b in der Therapie des metastasierenden kolorektalen Karzinoms und des fortgeschrittenen Pankreaskarzinoms
No full textErarbeitung einer standardisierten Operationsmethode
Get PDFSeit Beginn der 90er Jahre wurden minimal-invasive Operationsmethoden zur Therapie des Bronchialkarzinoms eingeführt, ohne vorher sicherzustellen, daß sie hinsichtlich der onkologischen Sicherheit und Radikalität der konventionellen Operationsmethode ebenbürtig sind. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat daher die Entwicklung einer onkologisch adäquaten thorakoskopischen Lobektomie zur Aufgabe. Die dazu notwendige wissenschaftliche Evaluation erfolgt in mehreren Schritten. Zunächst wird der aktuelle operative Standard der konventionellen Chirurgie beim Bronchialkarzinom in der Literatur dargestellt. Auf dieser Grundlage wird die thorakoskopische Resektion inklusive Lymphadenektomie beim Bronchialkarzinom definiert. Dieser Standard dient als Vorlage für die Entwicklung der minimal-invasiven Chirurgie im Tier- und Leichenmodell. Im ersten Schritt der Phase I wird anhand tierexperimenteller Arbeiten untersucht, ob und unter welchen technischen Voraussetzungen eine thorakoskopische Lobektomie vollständig minimal-invasiv durchführbar ist. Mit den anschließenden chirurgisch-anatomischen Untersuchungen soll festgestellt werden, inwieweit die erarbeitete thorakoskopische Technik den onkologischen Prinzipien, insbesondere der Lymphadenektomie, Rechnung trägt. Diese Phase stellt die Grundvoraussetzung für eine weitere Evaluierung der erarbeiteten Ergebnisse in der Phase II dar. Die Erprobung der erarbeiteten Technik in der Klinik dient der Überprüfung auf Morbidität und Mortalität im Vergleich zur konventionellen Operationsmethode und der Übertragung in randomisierte Studien zum Nachweis relevanter Unterschiede im Frühverlauf (Phase IIIa) und Spätverlauf (Phase IIIb).Since the beginning of the 1990's, minimal invasive surgery has expanded to include extensive thoracic operations, especially the lobectomy. Implementation of this procedure has been described in numerous publications, however the development occurred unsystematically. So the oncologic radicality and safety of both thoracoscopic lobectomy and lymph node dissection is a debated topic in the literature. Therefore, previous results could not prove that minimal invasive resections by bronchial carcinoma are equivalent to conventional surgical methods with respect to oncological security and radical resectability. For this reason thoracoscopic lobectomy with lymphadenectomy is investigated for radicality and completeness according to the recommendations for scientific evaluation. In a first step the criterias of an oncologic lung resection - lobectomy and lymphadenectomy - are established. This definition is the basis for the following phase I, the animal study and the experimental-anatomic study in a human cadaver model. The task of the animal study is to examine if a lobectomy could be done by thoracoscopic technique completely and on which conditions. Than an experimental-anatomic study in a cadaver model is done to control the extent of the radical thoracoscopic lobectomy with lymphadenectomy by a following thoracotomy. This study is essential for a phase II-trial, the application of the acquired thoracoscopic technique in a pilot study for examination of morbidity and mortality. The comparison of the thoracoscopic and the conventional lobectomy in the pilot study also served to evaluate potential advantages of the minimal-invasive method. These advantages are a strong argument in favour of the introduction of the thoracoscopic method in to the clinic for prospective-randomized trials (phase III a and III B)
[What is your diagnosis? Diagnosis: intrathoracic metastasis of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor]
No full textThe role of muscle flap in preventing bronchus stump insufficiency after pneumonectomy for malignant pleural mesothelioma in high-risk patients
No full textBronchus stump insufficiency (BSI) is one of the major complications after pneumonectomy; we analyzed all patients who underwent extra pleural pneumonectomy (EPP) for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) in order to detect the role of muscle flap (MF) on preventing early and late stump insufficiency. From January 2000 until December 2005, there were 42 patients admitted with MPM for further intervention at our institution. Thirty patients were suitable for surgery and thus received a multimodal treatment with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy using Cisplatin and Gemcitabin (Gemzar), EPP followed by 54 Gray (Gy) adjuvant radiotherapy. Data were collected from the surgical and oncological records. There were 37 male patients (88%), the median age was 65 years (range 40-83 years). Seven (17%) patients had concomitant diseases. Forty patients (95%) had asbestos exposition. The operative procedures were EPP with muscle flap through an anterolateral thoracotomy. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done. One patient (3%) died on the 2nd postoperative day due to lung embolism. Mild complications were noticed in the early postoperative phase in 8 (25%) patients. There was no early or late stump insufficiency during the 15-month follow-up. Surgical techniques using muscle flap seems to play a major role in the prevention of bronchus stump insufficiency especially after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy
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