1,720,960 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Infections à entérobactéries productrices de carbapénémases aux Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg : épidémiologie descriptive et facteurs de risque d'infection en cas de colonisation/thèse présentée pour le diplôme d'État de docteur en médecine, diplô
No full textMédecine (maladies infectieuses et tropicales)Les infections à entérobactéries productrices de carbapénémases (EPC) sont des infections émergentes en France et peuvent représenter un défi thérapeutique. La colonisation rectale à EPC est associée aux voyages et hospitalisations en zone de circulation endémique ou épidémique de ces souches, à l’utilisation non raisonnée des antibiotiques et à une insuffisance de respect des mesures d’hygiène standard en hospitalisation. Contrairement aux infections à entérobactéries productrices de bêta-lactamase à spectre étendu (BLSE), il n’existe pas de recommandation sur la prise en charge des infections chez les patients colonisés à EPC. Une étude rétrospective monocentrique cas-témoin sur la période de janvier 2011 à décembre 2020 a été menée aux Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg pour caractériser l’épidémiologie des infections à EPC et identifier des facteurs de risques d’infections à EPC en cas de colonisation à EPC. 67 patients ont développé au moins une infection à EPC sur la période de recueil. 90,9% des patients avaient été hospitalisés dans les 6 derniers mois et 78,5% exposés aux antibiotiques dans les 6 derniers mois, parmi lesquels 19,5 % aux carbapénémèmes. 40,3% des patients présentaient au moins 4 comorbidités. Seuls 22,1% des patients avaient séjourné à l’étranger dans l’année. La mortalité toute cause à 1 mois était de 25,4%. La mortalité toute cause en cas d’infection à EPC en réanimation était de 34,5%. 274 colonisations à EPC ont été recueillies et 67 patients (24,5%) ont développé une infection à EPC. 54,2% des épisodes infectieux dans les 6 mois du diagnostic de colonisation à EPC étaient documentés à EPC. Ces épisodes infectieux surviennent avec une médiane de 15,0 jours après le diagnostic de colonisation contre 51,0 jours pour les épisodes infectieux non documentés à EPC (p-0,01). En analyse multivariée, la survenue d’une infection en réanimation (OR 5,54 [1,37-26,40]) et la survenue d’une bactériémie dans les 30 jours précédant le diagnostic d’une colonisation (OR 5,45 [1,76-18,50]) étaient associées à la survenue d’une infection à EPC chez les patients colonisés à EPC. Cette étude souligne la prévalence élevée et la mortalité élevée des épisodes infectieux à EPC chez les patients colonisés. En cas d’infection, l’instauration d’une antibiothérapie probabiliste couvrant l’EPC pourrait se justifier chez les patients colonisés, notamment en cas de prise en charge en réanimation. Des études prospectives sur de plus grandes cohortes pourrait permettre de mieux caractériser la prise en charge des infections chez les patients colonisés à EPCCarbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) infections are emerging infections in France and may represent a therapeutic challenge. Rectal colonization with EPC is associated with travel and hospitalization in an area of endemic or epidemic circulation of these strains, the reckless use of antibiotics and insufficient compliance with standard hygiene precautions during hospitalization. Unlike extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL) infections, there are no guidelines for the management of infections in patients colonized with CPE. We conducted a retrospective single-center case-control study over the period of January 2011 to December 2020 at the University Hospitals of Strasbourg to characterize the epidemiology of CPE infections and identify risk factors for CPE infections in case of CPE colonization. 67 patients developed at least one EPC infection during the study period. 90.9% of patients had been hospitalized in the last 6 months and 78.5% exposed to antibiotics in the last 6 months, including 19.5% to carbapenemems. 40.3% of patients presented at least 4 comorbidities. Only 22.1% of the patients had travelled abroad the previous year. All-cause mortality at 1 month was 25.4%. The mortality from CPE infection in intensive care was 34.5%. During the study period, there were 274 patients with CPE colonization and 67 of them (24.5%) developed a CPE infection. CPE infection represented 54.2% of the infectious episodes within 6 months of the diagnosis of CPE colonization. These infectious episodes occur with a median of 15.0 days after the diagnosis of colonization compared to 51.0 days for the non-CPE infectious episodes (p -0.01). In multivariate analysis, the occurrence of an infection in an intensive care unit (OR 5.54 [1.37-26.40]) and the occurrence of bacteremia in the 30 days preceding the diagnosis of colonization (OR 5.45 [1.76-18.50]) were associated with a CPE infection in patients colonized with CPE. This study highlights the high prevalence and high mortality of CPE infections in colonized patients. In case of infection, the initiation of a probabilistic antibiotic therapy covering the CPE may be justified in colonized patients, especially in an intensive care unit. Prospective studies on larger cohorts could better characterize the management of infections in patients colonized with CP
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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