1,720,981 research outputs found
Childhood Adversity: The relationship with facial emotion recognition and homelessness
No full textChapter 1.This thesis submission is composed of two chapters. The first is a systematic literature review exploring the role adverse of childhood experiences on facial emotion recognition in adults. This review aimed to deepen the understanding about how past childhood traumatic events may impact on the ability of people to recognise and identify emotional states in others. In total 16 articles were assessed as meeting the eligibility criteria in line with PRISMA guidelines on systematic reviews (Moher, Liberati, Tetzlaff, Altman, & Group, 2009). The articles were subjected to quality assessment and review. A relationship between childhood adversity and a deficit in adult ability to recognise emotion was found by the majority of studies. Results relating to the specificity of effect of different forms of abuse was highly variable. Similarly, the effect of maltreatment on recognition of certain emotions was unclear. Methodological variability and study quality are discussed as potential reasons for the range of results. This body of research is in its infancy, further ideally prospective research in diverse populations with more consistent methodological approaches is required.Chapter 2.The second chapter sought to explore adverse childhood experiences in the homeless population and their relationship to emotion recognition and maladaptive behaviour. Complex trauma has been linked to deficits in social cognition, including emotion recognition in others. Deficits in emotion recognition ability are thought to be implicated in the development and maintenance of maladaptive behaviours and coping styles. These behaviours are often linked to continued or repeat episodes of homelessness and entrenched social exclusion (Maguire, Johnson & Vostanis, 2010).This study aimed to explore the role of childhood adversity in facial emotion recognition (FER) ability and maladaptive behaviour. A sample of people currently experiencing homelessness (n=82) and a control sample (n=21) from the general population were recruited. Group comparison and correlational study designs were employed. The participants completed questionnaires on childhood adversity and current maladaptive behaviours, alongside a test of FER ability. Early adversity was very common among the homeless sample (98.8% compared to 67% in the general population). The homeless sample had significant impairments in FER ability compared to controls (t (102)=-8.17, p<.001), particularly on anger and sadness. Specific types of adversity were related to impaired FER performance; however, FER ability did not relate to maladaptive behaviour. The link between adversity and FER is explored and the implications of poor FER ability are discussed in terms of intervention and future research. The reasons for the lack of relationship between FER and maladaptive behaviours are discussed in terms of methodological issues.<br/
Slavery and its Legacies:Remembering Labour Exploitation in the Francophone World
Full text linkFrith and Hodgson’s opening chapter provides a broad overview of the memorialization of slavery in the Francophone world contrary to the lack of memorialization of other forms of labour exploitation. While introducing the chapters that follow, it foregrounds the overarching aims of the volume, which include the desire to transcend nation-centred memories and to question the limitations of the particular terminologies, iconicities and chronologies that frame memories of slavery. It thus provides an introduction to the multiplicity of memories of slavery in the Francophone world, while also moving beyond slavery towards other forms of colonial labour exploitation. It begins by addressing the problem of definitions of slavery and labour exploitation, before moving on to consider state-led commemorative discourses in a comparative framework. Finally, it stresses the need to move towards a more transnational approach to scholarship in slavery studies, while recognizing and exploring specific sites, histories and identities that have been shaped by the history of French-led slavery and its contemporary legacies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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