1,720,992 research outputs found
Towards fully automatic quantification of REM sleep without atonia according to the Sleep Innsbruck Barcelona (SINBAR) scoring method
No full textRapid eye movement (REM) sleep without atonia (RWA) is the polysomnographic hallmark of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD). The
state-of-the-art methods to score RWA are visual-based. Recent international guidelines recommended the Sleep Innsbruck Barcelona (SINBAR) method for scoring RWA in 3-s mini-epochs. This method calls for scoring phasic EMG activity in the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and “any” (i.e., tonic and/or phasic) EMG activity in the mentalis muscle. A semi-automatic algorithm scoring RWA according to this method is currently available in a commercial polysomnographic system (BrainRT, OSG, Belgium), however it still requires manual removal of EMG artifacts from expert scorers. This work proposes a novel method that, based on morphological aspects of EMG activity and machine learning (ML), discriminates activity from artifacts in the evaluation of RWA, thus allowing automatization for artifact correction
Towards fully automatic quantification of REM sleep without atonia according to the Sleep Innsbruck Barcelona scoring method
No full textA Wavelet- and Machine Learning-Based Framework for the Automatic Detection of Artefacts in Electromyography REM sleep
Full text linkRapid eye movement sleep Without Atonia (RWA) is the polysomnographic hallmark of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD), manifesting either as elevated background tone or phasic activity. Scoring RWA relies heavily on visual inspection of electromyography (EMG) signals from polysomnography (PSG) recordings. This process is time-consuming and prone to inter-rater variability, particularly due to the presence of artefacts. Currently, no standardized method for artefacts removal is available. This study proposes a Matched-Wavelet approach to characterize the morphology of EMG signals, and a Machine Learning (ML) based framework to identify artefacts from EMG recordings during REM sleep, to facilitate subsequent RWA scoring, by decreasing manual labour. The best models achieved F1 scores of 79.2% and 86.3% in detecting artefacts from background and phasic activity, respectively. These results suggest the feasibility of automatically remove artefacts through a low-computational cost method, leading to improved reliability in RWA assessments.Clinical relevance- The framework provides a robust tool for the assessment of artefacts in EMG recordings, improving the reliability of RWA assessment, and contributing to improved diagnostic accuracy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Ethical Aspects of Prodromal Synucleinopathy Prognostic Counseling
No full textAlpha-synucleinopathies can be identified in their prodromal phase, raising several ethical issues. In this review, we first provide definitions of prodromal alpha-synucleinopathies and discuss the importance of distinguishing between prodromes and risk factors. Next, we discuss the implications of a diagnosis of prodromal alpha-synucleinopathy and considerations regarding prognostic counseling in both clinical and research settings. We review available data on patient preferences regarding disclosure as well as providers' perspectives. We examine the pros and cons of disclosing a diagnosis of prodromal alpha-synucleinopathy, taking into consideration the differences between clinical and research settings. Asking about willingness to know in clinical and research settings and the shared decision-making process applied to prognostic counseling is discussed. Concerning research settings, ethical aspects regarding clinical trials are addressed. Availability of direct-to-consumer technologies will likely lead to novel contexts requiring prognostic counseling, and future neuroprotective or neuromodulating treatments may require further considerations on the timing, role, and importance of prognostic counseling. Recommendations on how to address ethical gaps should be a priority for patients, medical professional societies, and research workgroups. Ethical issues must be considered as an integral part of the overall clinical and research approach to prodromal synucleinopathies
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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