1,720,992 research outputs found
Smoking Cessation in Lung Cancer
No full textBackground: Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in Germany. 90% of cases are due to the inhalation of tobacco smoke. About 40% of patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer are still smokers. A structured smoking cessation program is medically reasonable in this situation but is only rarely offered. Methods: This review is based on a selective search in the PubMed database combined with a manual search for current publications. Results: Many cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have shown that patients with lung cancer benefit from smoking cessation. After resection with curative intent, second tumors are 2.3 times more common, and recurrent tumors 1.9 times more common, in patients who continue to smoke than in those who stop. The overall mortality in smokers is 2.9 times higher. Smoking cessation also lowers the rate of radiation pneumonitis and infection during radiotherapy and prolongs the median survival after chemoradiotherapy for small-cell lung cancer (18.0 vs. 13.6 months). For patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, smoking cessation is associated with a better general state of health (77.5% vs. 57.6%). For the many patients with lung cancer who are treated palliatively, smoking cessation offers the advantages of improved pulmonary function, weight gain, and better overall quality of life. Conclusion: Smoking cessation in patients with lung cancer is an important means of increasing the efficacy of treatment and improving their quality of life
Acute respiratory distress syndrome after aspiration of lamp oil in a fire-eater: a case report
No full textAbstract Background Fire-eater’s pneumonia is an exogenous chemical pneumonitis after accidental aspiration of hydrocarbon fluids during the act of fire-eating. There have been few case reports in the literature regarding complications after fire-eating but so far none, to the best of our knowledge, have described such drastic and life-threatening pulmonary complications as in this case while only having swallowed a small amount of fluid. Case presentation We present a case of fire-eater’s pneumonia in a 28-year-old white man with severe pulmonary complications. He presented with pneumonitis and partial respiratory insufficiency. He was diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome and was treated with antibiosis, oxygen therapy, and required non-invasive ventilation. He had a good recovery. Conclusions Accidental aspiration of even small amounts of lamp oil can lead to serious life-threatening pulmonary complications. Although fire-eaters are a comparatively small occupational group, the severity of possible complications illustrates that awareness of these consequences should be raised in teenagers and young adults who might be tempted into trying it. This case in a Western country shows that the dangers of fire-eating are not to be underestimated and are not limited to Eastern European countries where the majority of cases have been reported
Surgical approaches for treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction – a systematic review and network meta-analysis
No full textComparison of Conductive and Convective Warming in Patients Undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial
No full textTracheal bronchus and contralateral pneumonectomy
No full textOne-lung ventilation is a standard procedure for many types of lung surgery. The anesthesiologist can be challenged if unknown anomalies of the bronchial tree occur. We report a patient with a tracheal bronchus on the right side presenting for left pneumonectomy, and present one possible solution to airway management
Aneurysm of the Pulmonary Vein: An Unusual Cause of Stroke
No full textThis clinical report deals with a giant true pulmonary venous aneurysm, which was partially thrombosed. The overall incidence of pulmonary venous aneurysms is unknown, and they are reported only occasionally. We present the case of a previously healthy man with acute onset of ischemic cerebral stroke. The cause was a thrombus in a huge aneurysm of the left superior pulmonary vein. The patient subsequently underwent uncomplicated therapy for stroke, including thrombolysis followed by excision of the giant pulmonary venous aneurysm. As curative therapy we recommend complete resection of this rare entity. (C) 2014 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeon
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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