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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A study to assess the emotional disorders with special reference to stress of medical students of agartala government medical college and govinda ballabh pant hospital. Indian J Community Med
No full textBackground: Stress is very common psychological phenomena where medical students faced in day to day activities. Epidemiological studies have asserted that about 70-80% of the diseases may be related to stress. Research related to this stress especially among medical students is essential, considering their learning, role and responsibilities as a future physician and health intervention programs. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of stress and identify stressors among medical students. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was carried out among undergraduate medical students and self administered GHQ-12 and stressor questionnaire were used to collect information regarding stress. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate odds ratio (OR). Results: Prevalence of stress was 94.52% and more common among females. 33.56% students felt constantly under strain and 25.34% had loss of sleep over worry. Majority of the students of all semesters had stress (P > 0.05) and stressors viz. 'competition for marks' (P = 0.005), 'frequent examination' (P = 0.001), 'difficulty in finding time for recreation' (P = 0.014) and 'being away from home' (P = 0.027) were predominantly experienced by the 1 [sup]st year medical students. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed the causal effect of main parameter on the GHQ caseness and students who found difficulties in following teaching language among the caseness had 81.59% higher chance of developing stress (OR = 8.159, CI = 1.228-54.213). Conclusion: The stress experience was more common due to academics and seen among all year of medical students. Strategy development for eliminating stressors is necessary for promoting healthy life. Introduction The data were analyzed in computer using Microsoft excel 2007 and Epi-info [sup]TM version 6.0. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA). The percentage, mean, standard deviations were calculated and Chisquare test, Fisher's exact test, multiple logistic regression etc. were employed in analysis of data. Results The present study was conducted among 150 medical students where 146 completed the questionnaire. Prevalence of stress was 94.52% and predominantly (97.4%) among 8 [sup]th semester students. Males constituted 56.8% and 43.2% were females. Majority belonged to 20-22 years age group. The age ranged from 18-24 years with a mean (SD) of 20.64 (?1.264) years. The mean (SD) GHQ score for male, female and overall were 6.08 (?2.182), 6.86 (?1.109) and 6.42 (?2.177) respectively. The commonest GHQ score 6 was observed among 22.6% of the participants. Severity of stress was graded on the basis of scoring in the GHQ scale. [sup][9] The mild, moderate and severe stress were 51.4% (GHQ score of 4-6), 32.2% (GHQ score 7-9) and 11.0% (GHQ score 10-12) respectively. No significant association of psychological stress with sex (p-0.071), caste (0.285), year of study (0.406), location of family (0.424) and family income (0.609) [ Discussion The actual cut-off score was chosen depending on the purpose and context of each study, and related to the relative importance of sensitivity and specificity. Despite the variability of cut-offs used to estimate the prevalence of stress reported in our study can be considered as high (94.52%) which was comparable with a study from Malaysia. [ The mean GHQ score found in the present study was lower than the report of Jenny Firth (11.66 [?5.16]), [sup][15] whereas Sherina et al . [sup][10] found it to be 1.03 (?0.178), which was lower than the present study. The difference in the observations made by other authors again pointed that stress was a matter of perception and all were not affected equally. Different individuals had different ways of looking at stressful conditions. Gender, location of family, caste, religion, number of family members, income etc., had no significant relationship with positive GHQ-caseness of medical students and almost similar results were reported from Nepal, [sup] [sup] The common symptoms of psychological stress were comparable to a study from University Putra, Malaysia. [sup][10] Higher percentage of students were found 'not feeling reasonably happy' (78.8% vs. 13.70%) and having 'problems in sleeping when worried' (71.0% vs. 25.35%) in the present study. [sup][16] The reason for a higher percentage of stress among students could be due to their awareness regarding stress symptoms and ability to adapt quickly. The academic/non-academic stressors were more commonly seen among male medical students ( P < 0.05) and comparable to a study conducted in Perak, Malaysia. [sup][23] Significant association was also observed between semesters and stressors and was comparable to a study from Melaka Manipal Medical College; India [sup][13] except 'with difficulty in keeping pace', 'with the amount of information that had to be mastered' and"finding time for recreation". 41.10% faced difficulties in approaching the teachers. Conclusion The stressors experienced were more common to academics and seen among all year of medical students. Strategy development for eliminating stressors is necessary for promoting healthy life
Feeding practice of infant and young children and their nutritional status among tea worker community of West Tripura district, India: an observational study
No full textBackground: People working in tea gardens of Tripura differ from other people in terms of ethnicity, culture, food habit, literacy etc. and limited information is available regarding infant feeding practices and its association if any, with nutritional status of under-five children of this community. Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted during 1st July to 31st August 2016, using a validated interview schedule, among 170 women working in different tea estates of West Tripura district, having children aged 6 months to 2 yr, chosen by multistage sampling. Descriptive statistics and χ2 test were used to present data. P value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Breastfeeding initiation rate within one hr of birth was 50.59%, colostrums was fed to 82.35%, prelacteal feeding was given to 30.59%, 65.88% were exclusively breast fed and overall feeding practice was proper in 51.76% of the study children. Khichdi (34.1%) was the commonest complimentary feed and katori and spoon (64.7%) were the commonest feeding utensils. Prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting was 9.0%, 12.9% and 7.3% respectively and these were found to be more frequent among children who received prelacteal feeding, late initiation of breastfeeding and early complimentary feeding, though statistically these were not significant. Conclusions: Overall infant feeding practice was better among educated mothers and institutional births; hence improvement in literacy and promoting institutional deliveries will further improve feeding practice in this community. Though underweight, stunting and wasting was prevalent but these had no significant association with feeding practices. Hence further studies are required to investigate the causes of malnutrition among children of this community. </jats:p
Determinants of child sex ratio in West and South Districts of Tripura, India
No full textBackground: Indian census 2011 has detected declined child sex ratio in the West and South districts of Tripura State. Objectives: To find out the sex ratio at birth and to identify the factors affecting child sex ratio in west and south districts of Tripura. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study combined with a qualitative component was conducted among 3438 couples chosen by multistage sampling. Quantitative data were collected by a structured interview schedule. Data were analyzed by computer using SPSS version 15.0. Chi-square test was applied for testing the significance of study findings and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Qualitative data were collected by Focus Group Discussions and analyzed by qualitative free listing and pile sorting considering Smith's S value. Results: Sex ratio at birth in West and South Tripura districts during 2013 was found to be 972 and 829 respectively. Son preference was higher among couples irrespective of their literacy, residence, occupation, family type and religion except Christianity. Expenditure at marriage, lesser contribution to parent's family and fears of adverse situations at in law's house after marriage etc. were causes for lesser daughter preference. Very few pregnant women underwent ultrasonography for sex determination of fetus. Girls had differential or delayed medical care and higher death rate. The desire for children was found to be limited after male births. Conclusions: Low daughter preference was mostly due to economic reasons and prolonged contraception following male birth. Literacy, occupation and residence of study subjects did not modify prevalent higher male preference
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A study to assess the emotional disorders with special reference to stress of medical students of Agartala government medical college and Govinda ballabh pant hospital
No full textBackground: Stress is very common psychological phenomena where medical students faced in day to day activities. Epidemiological studies have asserted that about 70-80% of the diseases may be related to stress. Research related to this stress especially among medical students is essential, considering their learning, role and responsibilities as a future physician and health intervention programs. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of stress and identify stressors among medical students. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was carried out among undergraduate medical students and self administered GHQ-12 and stressor questionnaire were used to collect information regarding stress. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate odds ratio (OR). Results: Prevalence of stress was 94.52% and more common among females. 33.56% students felt constantly under strain and 25.34% had loss of sleep over worry. Majority of the students of all semesters had stress (P > 0.05) and stressors viz. ′competition for marks′ (P = 0.005), ′frequent examination′ (P = 0.001), ′difficulty in finding time for recreation′ (P = 0.014) and ′being away from home′ (P = 0.027) were predominantly experienced by the 1 st year medical students. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed the causal effect of main parameter on the GHQ caseness and students who found difficulties in following teaching language among the caseness had 81.59% higher chance of developing stress (OR = 8.159, CI = 1.228-54.213). Conclusion: The stress experience was more common due to academics and seen among all year of medical students. Strategy development for eliminating stressors is necessary for promoting healthy life
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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