1,862 research outputs found
Stability of sorbitol dehydrogenase activity in bovine and equine sera
No full textSerum sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) activities in 10 cows and nine horses were measured using an automated clinical analyzer. The serum samples were divided into aliquots that were stored at room temperature (21 degrees C), refrigerated (0-5 degrees C), or frozen (-30 degrees C). The stability of the SDH activity was monitored at various intervals. SDH activity in bovine sera remained stable for at least 5 hours at room temperature, 24 hours refrigerated, and 72 hours frozen without any significant (p < 0.05) differences from the initial serum values. In equine sera, SDH activity remained stable for at least 5 hours at room temperature and 48 hours frozen. The activity of the refrigerated equine sera was stable for at least 5 hours but less than 24 hours. An evaluation of fresh bovine serum and heparinized plasma samples indicated that there was no significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two sampling methods and that either may be employed for automated measurement of SDH activity following the established protocol. Sample type comparison indicated that there was a small but statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between the results obtained comparing fresh serum and heparinized plasma samples for the horse. A reference range for Holstein cows was established using sera from 71 clinically healthy cattle (mean -/+ 2 SD = 32 -/+ 26 U/L)
E-Rosette Inhibitory Factor in Sera from Patients with Mycosis Fungoides
No full textPeripheral blood lymphocytes from some of patients with mycosis fungoides disease showed decreased ability to form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. This decreased percentage of E-rosette forming cells could be normalized when those cells were incubated in culture for 20hr. Since these data led us to considering a possible inhibitory factor present in patients' sera, we tested their ability to inhibit E-rosetting by T lymphocytes from normal donors, and found that sera from mycosis fungoides patients with low levels of E-rosetting blood lymphocytes showed greater inhibitory effect on E-rosette formation by normal T cells when compared to those either from normal donors or from mycosis patients who had almost normal levels of E-rosetting blood lymphocyte number. The E-rosette inhibitory factor was sensitive to 2-mercaptoethanol treatment and was copurified with serum IgM by ammonium sulfate precipitation and by sequential gel filtrations, suggesting that it might be an anti-T lymphocyte antibody naturally occurring during the disease process
Polarographic Studies of Human Pregnant Sera
No full textThe important rôle of the sulfhydryl group in metabolic processes has long been recognized. It is suggested the possibility that toxemias of pregnancy may be related to the sulfhydryl contents in sera. Therefore, the sulfhydryl activity in sera was measured in normal and toxemic pregnant women. The author has carried out experiments according to Brdicka's polarographic method on sera from 43 pregnant women. Summary 1 The free sulfhydryl group in sera was estimated by a Brdicka's method. 2 Among normal non-pregnant women, the sulfhydryl content expressed as a wave height on polarogram were nearly uniform. 3 Sulfhydryl activities of pregnant women in the last trimester show values about 21.8% lower than non-pregnant women. 4 Sera obtained from pregnant women with marked edema showed a significant reduction in the sulfhydrylcontent and markedly in women with eclampsia. 5 The application of serial serum sulfhydryl determinations in pregnant women may be of value for study on toxemias of pregnancy
Evaluation of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent: assay (elisa) test for the detection of leptospiral antibodies in bovine sera, 1979
No full textThe Micro-Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test was evaluated as a presumptive test for the diagnosis of bovine lepto�spirosis. Disposable flat bottom Micro-ELISA plates were utilized as antigen carriers and test vehicles. The antigen was prepared from a soluble alcohol extract of serovars, hardjo, Hardjoprajitno and ill ini, 3055 and stored at -70 C until ready for use in the test. Serology on each bovine serum sample was performed by using the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MA), the Indirect Hemagglutination Test (IHA), and the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Test. The comparison of the ELISA test with the MA and IHA was done with coded sera, randomized as to order of testing and stored at -20 C. A total of 142 different bovine serum samples was tested for the presence of 1eptospiral antibodies, using antigens serovar hardjo (a pathogen) and serovar ill ini (a saprophyte). Reproducibility was checked by duplicating 83 serum samples and triplicating 58 serum samples, resulting in a final total of 482 bovine serum samples being tested. All sera were tested by MA, IHA, and ELISA tests before being decoded for comparison of results. The total agreement of hardjo sera for both positive and negative sera was 48% among all 3 test procedures, whereas the total agreement of ill ini sera for both positive and negative sera was 92% among all 3 test procedures. The test was safer to perform since there was no need to use live antigens in the test; the test did not require pretreatment of sera; the test was read visually, and the test was a simple and rapid procedure. The sensitivity and specificity appear to have been low; however, in order to obtain further definitive results regarding the specificity, sensitivity, and the role of the ELISA test in the detection of 1eptospiral antibodies in bovine sera, other investigations will be needed in the future
A well-conserved Plasmodium falciparum var gene shows an unusual stage-specific transcript pattern
No full textThe var multicopy gene family encodes Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) variant antigens, which, through their ability to adhere to a variety of host receptors, are thought to be important virulence factors. The predominant expression of a single cytoadherent PfEMP1 type on an infected red blood cell, and the switching between different PfEMP1 types to evade host protective antibody responses, are processes thought to be controlled at the transcriptional level. Contradictory data have been published on the timing of var gene transcription. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) data suggested that transcription of the predominant var gene occurs in the later (pigmented trophozoite) stages, whereas Northern blot data indicated such transcripts only in early (ring) stages. We investigated this discrepancy by Northern blot, with probes covering a diverse var gene repertoire. We confirm that almost all var transcript types were detected only in ring stages. However, one type, the well-conserved varCSA transcript, was present constitutively in different laboratory parasites and does not appear to undergo antigenic variation. Although varCSA has been shown to encode a chondroitin sulphate A (CSA)-binding PfEMP1, we find that the presence of full-length varCSA transcripts does not correlate with the CSA-binding phenotype
A bacterial acetyltransferase triggers immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana independent of hypersensitive response
No full textType-III secreted effectors (T3Es) play critical roles during bacterial pathogenesis in plants. Plant recognition of certain T3Es can trigger defence, often accompanied by macroscopic cell death, termed the hypersensitive response (HR). Economically important species of kiwifruit are susceptible to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), the causal agent of kiwifruit bacterial canker. Although Psa is non-pathogenic in Arabidopsis thaliana, we observed that a T3E, HopZ5 that is unique to a global outbreak clade of Psa, triggers HR and defence in Arabidopsis accession Ct-1. Ws-2 and Col-0 accessions are unable to produce an HR in response to Pseudomonas-delivered HopZ5. While Ws-2 is susceptible to virulent bacterial strain Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 carrying HopZ5, Col-0 is resistant despite the lack of an HR. We show that HopZ5, like other members of the YopJ superfamily of acetyltransferases that it belongs to, autoacetylates lysine residues. Through comparisons to other family members, we identified an acetyltransferase catalytic activity and demonstrate its requirement for triggering defence in Arabidopsis and Nicotiana species. Collectively, data herein indicate that HopZ5 is a plasma membrane-localized acetyltransferase with autoacetylation activity required for avirulence. ? 2017 The Author(s).115Ysciescopu
Detection of antibodies to West Nile virus in equine sera using microsphere immunoassay
No full textOne hundred and ninety-one sera from horses that recently were exposed to West Nile virus (WNV) by either vaccination or natural infection or that were not vaccinated and remained free of infection were used to evaluate fluorescent microsphere immunoassays (MIAs) incorporating recombinant WNV envelope protein (rE) and recombinant nonstructural proteins (rNS1, rNS3, and rNS5) for detection of equine antibodies to WNV. The rE MIA had a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, respectively, of 99.3% and 97.4% for detection of WNV antibodies in the serum of horses that were recently vaccinated or naturally infected with WNV, as compared to the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). The positive rE MIA results were assumed to be WNV-specific because of the close agreement between this assay and the PRNT and the fact that unvaccinated control horses included in this study were confirmed to be free of exposure to the related St Louis encephalitis virus. The NS protein-based MIA were all less sensitive than either the rE MIA or PRNT (sensitivity 0-48.0), although the rNSI MIA distinguished horses vaccinated with the recombinant WNV vaccine from those that were immunized with the inactivated WNV vaccine (P < 0.0001) or naturally infected with WNV (P < 0.0001). The rE MIA would appear to provide a rapid, convenient, inexpensive, and accurate test for the screening of equine sera for the presence of antibodies to WNV.Accession Number: 16921881. Language: English. Language Code: eng. Date Revised: 20071114. Date Created: 20060822. Date Completed: 20061006. Update Code: 20111122. Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Journal ID: 9011490. Publication Model: Print. Cited Medium: Print. NLM ISO Abbr: J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. Linking ISSN: 10406387. Subset: IM. Date of Electronic Publication: 20060701; ID: 16921881Source type: Electronic(1)http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cmedm&AN=16921881&site=eds-liv
The Serum Levels of Endothelium Nitric Oxide Synthase in Positive Cases for Helicobacter pylori Stool Antigen
No full textBackground & Objectives: Endothelium nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a type of enzyme
which produces an endogenous factor called nitric oxide (NO). NO plays important role in
progress of euplastic diseases. In chronic gastritis, the increased level of NO causes damages
to DNA. The aim of present study is to evaluate eNOS concentration in sera of healthy people
and those infected by Helicobacter pylori.
Methods: The sera and stool specimens from 84 voluntaries (Female: 58.3%, Males 41.6%)
were collected. Helicobacter pylori antigen in the stool specimens and eNOS levels in sera
were determined using ELISA. Obtained data were analyzed using Excell software.
Results: The age range was from 1 to 78 years old (Mean: 30 years old). In terms of special
diseases, 70.2% did not have any special diseases, but 29.76% showed at least one special
disease, mainly thyroid disease and hypertension. The results for H. pylori stool antigen
detection showed that 16.6%, 29.76% and 53.57% of collected specimens were equivocal,
Helicobacter pylori negative and positive respectively. Comparison of sera concentrations of
eNOS showed that there is no significant change among these three groups.
Conclusion: As mentioned in results, the eNOS sera concentrations showed no significant
change in Helicobacter pylori positive and negative groups. Albeit the other studies showed
the significant increase in serum concentration of Helicobacter pylori positive patient, this
controversy may arise from race and variations in Helicobacter pylori pathogenic islands such
as those containing VacA and CagA. We propose to conduct a similar study in Ardabil to
focus on the pathogenic islands of H. pylori strains in this province
Physician's liability owing to acting without authority
No full textReyhani Yüksel, Sera (Dogus Author)Hekim görevini özenle ifa etmek zorundadır. Aksi takdirde hekimin sorumluluğu gündeme gelebilmektedir. Bu sorumluluğun çeşitli kaynakları bulunmaktadır; ancak birincil kaynağını sözleşme, diğer bir deyişle hasta ile hekim arasındaki hekimlik sözleşmesi oluşturmaktadır. Bunun dışında sorumluluk haksız fiile ya da vekâletsiz iş görmeye de dayanabilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında hekimin tüm bu sorumluluk türlerinden sorumluluğunu irdelemek yerine vekâletsiz iş görmeden doğan sorumluluğuna ve bu sorumluluğun şartlarına yer verilecektirPhysicians are obliged to perform their task carefully. Otherwise it can also be considered the responsibility of the physician. There are several reasons of this responsibility. But contract, in other words, physician agreement (Arztvertrag) which signed between the patient and the physician is the primary source. Apart from that, responsibility may depend on tort or acting without authority. Instead of examining all this type responsibility of physician, in this study the acting without authority and in the clauses of this responsibility is examine
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