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Grape maturity, yield, quality, sensory properties, and consumer acceptance of fiesta and selma pete dry-on-vine raisins
No full textTimely cane severance is the critical first step in the dry-on-vine (DOV) raisin-making process. If canes are severed too early, the berries will have insufficient soluble solids, limiting yield and grade, but if the canes are severed too late, then the grapes will not dry sufficiently. Further, grape maturity at drying may affect the sensory attributes of the raisins, and therefore consumer acceptance. Thus, production studies were conducted over three seasons to determine the relationship between grape maturity and the yield and quality of DOV raisins made from two important DOV raisin grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars, Fiesta and Selma Pete. Additionally, sensory attributes, and consumer acceptance, of "B and better" raisins made from low or high maturity raisins of each cultivar were conducted in one year. There was a positive curvilinear relationship between berry soluble solids level and raisin grades, comparable to relationships established for tray-dried raisins. However, DOV raisins appeared to achieve higher quality grades than would be expected of tray-dried raisins, especially at soluble solids <18, or >20 Brix. Raisin yield, moisture content, and quality grades varied according to year and cane severance date but, in general, an acceptable balance of these variables was achieved by severing the canes at 19 Brix for Fiesta and 21 Brix for Selma Pete. However, consumer acceptance data suggested that most people prefer Selma Pete raisins and raisins from the most mature Fiesta grapes, all of which were made from grapes with >= 20 Brix at drying. It may be difficult to consistently achieve 20 Brix and adequate drying of Fiesta, suggesting Selma Pete is the superior variety for DOV raisin production
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Impact of exogenous tannin additions on wine chemistry and wine sensory character
No full textTannins are an important part of wine quality and are frequently added during winemaking. Tannin additives
and their impact on wine are poorly documented. This work sought to characterize a range of enological
tannins and their contribution to wine quality. Enological tannins were analysed for protein
precipitable tannins and iron reactive phenolics. One tannin product was added to a Merlot wine during
barrel ageing, at a range of concentrations from 60 to 300 mg/l. Condensed and hydrolysable tannins
were added to Cabernet Sauvignon wine post-pressing at a recommended and excessive rate. Wines were
analysed for anthocyanin, small and large polymeric pigment, precipitable tannin, iron reactive phenolics
and sensory character. Enological tannins contained 12–48% tannin and recommended additions had little
impact on wine tannin. High tannin additions were readily measured in the wines and were discriminated
in sensory analysis with lower intensities of most parameters except brown colour, bitterness and
earthy character. Recommended addition rates are too low to impact the measured tannin concentration
of Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Washington (USA). High enological tannin additions had a
measureable impact on final wine had a negative impact on sensory character. Tannins are added to
wines for a range of reasons and represent one of many input costs in an industry increasingly seeking
efficiencies in response to global economic circumstances, over-supply and an ongoing price point
squeeze. This research suggests many tannin additions may be unjustified and have limited or negative
impacts on quality
Grape maturity, yield, quality, sensory properties, and consumer acceptance of fiesta and selma pete dry-on-vine raisins
No full textTimely cane severance is the critical first step in the dry-on-vine (DOV) raisin-making process. If canes are severed too early, the berries will have insufficient soluble solids, limiting yield and grade, but if the canes are severed too late, then the grapes will not dry sufficiently. Further, grape maturity at drying may affect the sensory attributes of the raisins, and therefore consumer acceptance. Thus, production studies were conducted over three seasons to determine the relationship between grape maturity and the yield and quality of DOV raisins made from two important DOV raisin grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars, Fiesta and Selma Pete. Additionally, sensory attributes, and consumer acceptance, of “B and better” raisins made from low or high maturity raisins of each cultivar were conducted in one year. There was a positive curvilinear relationship between berry soluble solids level and raisin grades, comparable to relationships established for tray-dried raisins. However, DOV raisins appeared to achieve higher quality grades than would be expected of tray-dried raisins, especially at soluble solids 20 Brix. Raisin yield, moisture content, and quality grades varied according to year and cane severance date but, in general, an acceptable balance of these variables was achieved by severing the canes at 19 Brix for Fiesta and 21 Brix for Selma Pete. However, consumer acceptance data suggested that most people prefer Selma Pete raisins and raisins from the most mature Fiesta grapes, all of which were made from grapes with >20 Brix at drying. It may be difficult
to consistently achieve 20 Brix and adequate drying of Fiesta, suggesting Selma Pete is the superior variety for DOV raisin production
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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