1,720,980 research outputs found
Dental Appearance and Personality Trait Judgment of Elderly Persons
No full textPurpose: The study aimed to investigate the personality judgments made by observers of elderly individuals with different dental appearances. Materials and Methods: A random sample of 120 elderly (57 men, 63 women; third age: n = 51, mean age: 68.6 +/- 5.0 years; fourth age: n = 69, mean age: 85.8 +/- 3.0 years) and 120 young (54 men, 66 women; mean age: 24.9 +/- 3.5 years) subjects were included. Decayed, natural, and ideal dental appearances were simulated on photographs of an elderly man and woman. Participants were asked to judge the personality traits of two randomly selected photographs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Both groups judged the photographs similarly by attributing a higher social class to the individuals with an ideal dental appearance (elderly group: P = .0295 for the male subject, P = .0420 for the female subject; young group: P = .0003 for the male subject, P = .0042 for the female subject). This difference was less obvious when only the third-age participants were analyzed; they attributed a higher social class to the photograph of the man with a natural dental appearance than to the man with decayed and ideal appearances (P = .0322 and P = .0092, respectively) and lower intellectual capacities to the woman with a decayed appearance (P = .0351). The fourth-age subgroup made no such distinction. Conclusions: Personality judgments made by young and elderly persons are influenced by dental appearance. However, in the very old subgroup, no such influence could be verified. Dental esthetics should not be neglected in dental care for elderly patients
Dental Appearance and Personality Trait Judgment of Elderly Persons
No full textPurpose: The study aimed to investigate the personality judgments made by observers of elderly individuals with different dental appearances. Materials and Methods: A random sample of 120 elderly (57 men, 63 women; third age: n = 51, mean age: 68.6 +/- 5.0 years; fourth age: n = 69, mean age: 85.8 +/- 3.0 years) and 120 young (54 men, 66 women; mean age: 24.9 +/- 3.5 years) subjects were included. Decayed, natural, and ideal dental appearances were simulated on photographs of an elderly man and woman. Participants were asked to judge the personality traits of two randomly selected photographs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Both groups judged the photographs similarly by attributing a higher social class to the individuals with an ideal dental appearance (elderly group: P = .0295 for the male subject, P = .0420 for the female subject; young group: P = .0003 for the male subject, P = .0042 for the female subject). This difference was less obvious when only the third-age participants were analyzed; they attributed a higher social class to the photograph of the man with a natural dental appearance than to the man with decayed and ideal appearances (P = .0322 and P = .0092, respectively) and lower intellectual capacities to the woman with a decayed appearance (P = .0351). The fourth-age subgroup made no such distinction. Conclusions: Personality judgments made by young and elderly persons are influenced by dental appearance. However, in the very old subgroup, no such influence could be verified. Dental esthetics should not be neglected in dental care for elderly patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Structural Basis of Bone Fragility in Young Subjects with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A High-resolution pQCT Study of the SWISS IBD Cohort (SIBDC)
No full textBackground: The onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during childhood/adolescence compromises peak bone mass acquisition and predisposes to fractures later in life. However, the structural basis for bone fragility in young adults with IBD remains unknown.
Methods: One hundred two young subjects from the Swiss IBD cohort were included. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at distal radius, hip, and spine as well as morphometric vertebral fractures were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry technique. Volumetric (v)BMD, trabecular, and cortical bone microstructure at the distal radius and tibia were assessed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Areal, vBMD, and microstructure were compared between patients with IBD and healthy matched controls (n 1⁄4 389). Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate variables associated with bone microarchitecture and fractures.
Results: Clinical fractures were reported in 37 IBD subjects (mean age 23 yrs), mostly of the forearm; 5 subjects had morphometric vertebral fractures. After adjusting for age, sex, and height, tibia trabecular (Tb)vBMD, thickness, and distribution were significantly associated with fractures, whereas aBMD was not. After adjusting for aBMD, radius Tb distribution and tibia (Tb)vBMD and trabecular thickness still remained associated with fractures. Compared with healthy controls, patients with IBD had significantly lower aBMD at all sites, as well as alteration in (Tb)vBMD and trabecular microstructure at the distal radius and tibia, and these alterations were correlated with disease severity.
Conclusions: Young patients with IBD have low aBMD and altered trabecular bone microarchitecture compared with healthy controls. The latter is independently associated with fractures and may predispose increased susceptibility to fragility fractures throughout life
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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