1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Role of the Prion Protein in Neurons : From Physiology to Pathology
No full textLa conversion de la protéine prion cellulaire (PrPC) en protéine prion scrapie (PrPSc) est à l’origine des encéphalopathies spongiformes transmissibles (EST). La toxicité de la PrPSc est restreinte aux neurones et implique la déviation de la (des) fonction(s) de la PrPC. Une action neurospécifique de la PrPC est le recrutement de la src kinase Fyn. Dans ce travail, nous montrons que la PrPC est capable de mobiliser une autre src kinase, Lyn, via la cavéoline (cav) dans les neurones. Une cible du couplage PrPC-cav-Lyn, restreint aux corps cellulaires, est la kinase GSK3ß. L’inactivation de GSK3ß par la PrPC intervient dans la régulation des fonctions neuronales, en limitant l’activité du récepteur sérotoninergique 1B. D’autre part, nous montrons que dans les cellules infectées par les prions, l’accumulation de PrPSc induit le recrutement constitutif de la plateforme PrPC-cav-Fyn, à l’origine d’un stress oxydant. Ce gain de fonction entraine notamment un défaut de clivage par la metalloprotéase MMP-9, dont une des conséquences est l’accumulation du peptide Aß. Un autre impact de l’infection est la suractivation de la kinase PDK1, qui génère une perte de fonction de la metalloprotéase TACE. Dans des neurones « Alzheimer », on observe également cette cascade délétère, qui dépend de la PrPC. L’inhibition de PDK1 dans des modèles d’infection par les prions ou de maladie d’Alzheimer permet de rétablir l’activité d’alpha-clivage de TACE vis-à-vis de ses substrats, la PrPC, APP et le récepteur au TNF-alpha. L’effet bénéfique observé in vivo permet de définir PDK1 comme une cible thérapeutique potentielle pour les EST et la maladie d’Alzheimer. En résumé, ce travail illustre comment une meilleure connaissance de la fonction de signalisation de la PrPC peut permettre de progresser dans la compréhension des mécanismes de neurodégénérescence associés non seulement aux maladies à prions, mais également à la maladie d’Alzheimer.Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are characterized by the conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into its scrapie isoform (PrPSc). PrPSc-mediated toxicity is restricted to neurons and results from the subversion of PrPC function(s). Some neuronal specificity of PrPC signaling relates to its coupling to the Fyn src kinase. In this work, we report that PrPC has the capacity to mobilize another src kinase, Lyn, via caveolin in neurons. A downstream effector of the PrPC-cav-Lyn signaling complex, which is spatially restricted to cell bodies, is the GSK3ß kinase. The inactivation of GSK3ß by PrPC takes part to the control of neuronal functions by negatively regulating the activity of the serotonin 1B receptor. Furthermore, we show that in prion-infected cells, PrPSc constitutively activates the PrPC-cav-Fyn platform, leading to oxidative-stress conditions. This toxic gain of PrPC function induces a defect in metalloproteinase MMP-9 activity, leading to increased Aß levels. Another impact of prion infection is the overactivation of the PDK1 kinase, which results in the loss of function of the TACE metalloproteinase. PDK1 overactivation is also observed in neurons from Alzheimer’s disease model mice, and is shown to be PrPC dependent. PDK1 inhibition in models of prion infection or Alzheimer’s disease restores TACE-mediated alpha-cleavage of PrPC, APP and TNF-alphareceptor. Since positive effects of PDK1 inhibition are observed in vivo, our data posit PDK1 as a putative therapeutic target to combat TSE disorders and Alzheimer’s disease. In summary, achieving a better knowledge of PrPC signaling function may help to improve our understanding of the mechanisms sustaining neurodegeneration in prion and Alzheimer’s diseases
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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