1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Génétique d'association et prédiction génomique de la tolérance au stress abiotique chez la tomate
No full textAbiotic stresses, such as excessive salinity or nutrient deficiency, which often result in substantial yield losses, constitute significant challenges to global agriculture. These stresses are particularly detrimental in regions facing poverty, food insecurity and water scarcity. Improving the resilience of crops of high economic and nutritional value such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to abiotic stresses could offer significant benefits, both economically and in terms of public health. The aim of this thesis is to identify the genetic components of abiotic stress tolerance in tomato and to explore the potential of genomic prediction to improve these traits. In the first chapter, we looked at the genetic architecture of nitrogen deficiency tolerance. We used a comprehensive methodology that integrates QTL mapping with multiparental population, genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a diversity panel, and RNA-seq to identify candidate genes related to nitrogen metabolism. The next two chapters are devoted to the study of salt stress tolerance. We first studied several traits associated with sodium accumulation in various plant organs and developmental stages in a GWAS panel, which enabled us to identify QTLs and a key candidate gene involved in sodium transport within the plant. In addition, we have also studied the impact of salt stress on the root metabolome, characterising metabolites differentially regulated by salt stress and identifying biomarkers of salinity tolerance. QTLs and candidate genes linked to these target metabolites have been identified. In the following two chapters, we engaged GWAS and genomic prediction in multi-environmental analyses using a diversity panel grown under a range of environmental conditions. We have identified interaction QTLs - whose allelic effects vary according to environmental conditions - and compared different GWAS methodologies. Then we have evaluated the effectiveness of various genomic prediction models for improving tolerance to abiotic stress. Our results revealed several candidate genes that require further experimental validation to elucidate their functional roles and potential applicability in breeding programmes. Preliminary results from genomic prediction models highlight the interest of using these approaches to predict tolerance to abiotic stresses, although further validation in breeding populations is required.Les stress abiotiques, tels que la salinité excessive ou la carence en nutriments, qui entraînent souvent une perte de rendement importante, constituent des défis majeurs pour l'agriculture mondiale. Ces stress sont particulièrement préjudiciables dans les régions confrontées à la pauvreté, à l'insécurité alimentaire et à la pénurie d'eau. L'amélioration de la résilience des cultures à haute valeur économique et nutritionnelle comme la tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) aux stress abiotiques pourrait offrir des avantages significatifs, à la fois sur le plan économique et en termes de santé publique. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'identifier les composantes génétiques de la tolérance aux stress abiotiques chez la tomate et d'explorer le potentiel de la prédiction génomique pour améliorer cette tolérance. Dans le premier chapitre, nous avons examiné l'architecture génétique de la tolérance à la carence en azote. Nous avons utilisé une méthodologie complète qui intègre la cartographie des QTL en utilisant une population multiparentale, une étude d'association à l'échelle du génome (GWAS) en utilisant un panel de diversité, et une analyse RNA-seq pour identifier les gènes candidats liés à la réponse à la carence en azote. Les deux chapitres suivants sont consacrés à l'étude de la tolérance au stress salin. Nous avons tout d'abord étudié plusieurs traits associés à l'accumulation de sodium dans différents organes et stades de développement de la plante dans le panel de GWAS, ce qui nous a permis d'identifier des QTLs et un gène candidat clé impliqué dans le transport du sodium au sein de la plante. En outre, nous avons également étudié l'impact du stress salin sur le métabolome des racines, en caractérisant les métabolites régulés de manière différentielle par le stress salin et en identifiant des biomarqueurs de la tolérance à la salinité. Des QTL et des gènes candidats liés à ces métabolites cibles ont été identifiés. Dans les derniers chapitres, nous avons utilisé la GWAS et la prédiction génomique dans des analyses multi-environnementales à l'aide d'un panel de diversité cultivé dans plusieurs conditions environnementales. Nous avons identifié des QTL d'interaction - dont les effets alléliques varient en fonction des conditions environnementales - et comparé différentes méthodologies GWAS. Nous avons également évalué l'efficacité de différents modèles de prédiction génomique pour améliorer la tolérance aux stress abiotiques. Cette étude a permis d'identifier plusieurs gènes candidats qui nécessitent une validation expérimentale plus poussée afin d'élucider leurs rôles fonctionnels et leurs applications potentielles dans les programmes de sélection. Les résultats préliminaires des modèles de prédiction génomique soulignent l'utilité de l'utilisation de ces approches pour prédire la tolérance aux stress abiotiques
Deciphering the Genetic Architecture of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tomato through GWAS and Genomic Prediction
No full textLes stress abiotiques, tels que la salinité excessive ou la carence en nutriments, qui entraînent souvent une perte de rendement importante, constituent des défis majeurs pour l'agriculture mondiale. Ces stress sont particulièrement préjudiciables dans les régions confrontées à la pauvreté, à l'insécurité alimentaire et à la pénurie d'eau. L'amélioration de la résilience des cultures à haute valeur économique et nutritionnelle comme la tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) aux stress abiotiques pourrait offrir des avantages significatifs, à la fois sur le plan économique et en termes de santé publique. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'identifier les composantes génétiques de la tolérance aux stress abiotiques chez la tomate et d'explorer le potentiel de la prédiction génomique pour améliorer cette tolérance. Dans le premier chapitre, nous avons examiné l'architecture génétique de la tolérance à la carence en azote. Nous avons utilisé une méthodologie complète qui intègre la cartographie des QTL en utilisant une population multiparentale, une étude d'association à l'échelle du génome (GWAS) en utilisant un panel de diversité, et une analyse RNA-seq pour identifier les gènes candidats liés à la réponse à la carence en azote. Les deux chapitres suivants sont consacrés à l'étude de la tolérance au stress salin. Nous avons tout d'abord étudié plusieurs traits associés à l'accumulation de sodium dans différents organes et stades de développement de la plante dans le panel de GWAS, ce qui nous a permis d'identifier des QTLs et un gène candidat clé impliqué dans le transport du sodium au sein de la plante. En outre, nous avons également étudié l'impact du stress salin sur le métabolome des racines, en caractérisant les métabolites régulés de manière différentielle par le stress salin et en identifiant des biomarqueurs de la tolérance à la salinité. Des QTL et des gènes candidats liés à ces métabolites cibles ont été identifiés. Dans les derniers chapitres, nous avons utilisé la GWAS et la prédiction génomique dans des analyses multi-environnementales à l'aide d'un panel de diversité cultivé dans plusieurs conditions environnementales. Nous avons identifié des QTL d'interaction - dont les effets alléliques varient en fonction des conditions environnementales - et comparé différentes méthodologies GWAS. Nous avons également évalué l'efficacité de différents modèles de prédiction génomique pour améliorer la tolérance aux stress abiotiques. Cette étude a permis d'identifier plusieurs gènes candidats qui nécessitent une validation expérimentale plus poussée afin d'élucider leurs rôles fonctionnels et leurs applications potentielles dans les programmes de sélection. Les résultats préliminaires des modèles de prédiction génomique soulignent l'utilité de l'utilisation de ces approches pour prédire la tolérance aux stress abiotiques.Abiotic stresses, such as excessive salinity or nutrient deficiency, which often result in substantial yield losses, constitute significant challenges to global agriculture. These stresses are particularly detrimental in regions facing poverty, food insecurity and water scarcity. Improving the resilience of crops of high economic and nutritional value such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to abiotic stresses could offer significant benefits, both economically and in terms of public health. The aim of this thesis is to identify the genetic components of abiotic stress tolerance in tomato and to explore the potential of genomic prediction to improve these traits. In the first chapter, we looked at the genetic architecture of nitrogen deficiency tolerance. We used a comprehensive methodology that integrates QTL mapping with multiparental population, genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a diversity panel, and RNA-seq to identify candidate genes related to nitrogen metabolism. The next two chapters are devoted to the study of salt stress tolerance. We first studied several traits associated with sodium accumulation in various plant organs and developmental stages in a GWAS panel, which enabled us to identify QTLs and a key candidate gene involved in sodium transport within the plant. In addition, we have also studied the impact of salt stress on the root metabolome, characterising metabolites differentially regulated by salt stress and identifying biomarkers of salinity tolerance. QTLs and candidate genes linked to these target metabolites have been identified. In the following two chapters, we engaged GWAS and genomic prediction in multi-environmental analyses using a diversity panel grown under a range of environmental conditions. We have identified interaction QTLs - whose allelic effects vary according to environmental conditions - and compared different GWAS methodologies. Then we have evaluated the effectiveness of various genomic prediction models for improving tolerance to abiotic stress. Our results revealed several candidate genes that require further experimental validation to elucidate their functional roles and potential applicability in breeding programmes. Preliminary results from genomic prediction models highlight the interest of using these approaches to predict tolerance to abiotic stresses, although further validation in breeding populations is required
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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