1,720,953 research outputs found
Variabilidade morfológica do esgana-gata (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) ao longo da sua área de distribuição global
Get PDFDissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Biologia Marinha e ConservaçãoO esgana-gata é uma espécie cuja distribuição global que ocorre ao longo do hemisfério norte.
Tornou-se numa excelente espécie modelo para vários estudos por possuir grande variação na utilização de recursos e a nível morfológico dentro das mesmas populações e entre populações.
O esgana-gata é uma espécies que evolui rapidamente e por isso é de esperar que as populações destes organismos respondam rapidamente às alterações climáticas. O estudo da sua morfologia poderá ser um fator essencial para a sua conservação no sentido de entender como estas espécies estão a responder às alterações no seus habitas. Analisámos as variações morfológicas de populações de esgana-gata de vários lagos em 4 países distintos, Escócia, Islândia, Canadá e Alasca, que apresentam características ambientais diferentes com o intuito de entender qual o grau de variabilidade morfológica do esgana-gata ao longo da sua área de distribuição e se esta é maior a nível regional (entre países), ou local (entre os lagos). Analisou-se um total de 2763 indivíduos relativamente à forma do corpo e analisaram-se 9 variáveis morfométricas para os mesmos indivíduos. Identificaram-se dois tipos morfológicos pertencentes ao continente americano e ao continente europeu. Encontraram-se mais diferenças relacionadas com a morfometria dos indivíduos do que relacionas com a sua forma do corpo sobretudo entre países. Em termos de análises entre lagos, dentro de cada país, verificou-se uma grande variabilidade das variáveis complementares e praticamente não se obteve diferenças relativas à forma do corpo. Deste modo, os nossos resultados sugerem que a forma global do corpo de esgana-gata poderá estar a responder de forma mais acentuada a variações de larga escala, ao longo da sua distribuição e menos às características especificas do habitat.Three-spined Stickleback is a species whose global distribution occurs throughout the northern hemisphere. It has become an excellent model species for several studies as it has great variation in resource use and morphology within and between populations. The stickleback is a species that evolves quickly and therefore it is expected that populations of these organisms respond quickly to climate change. The study of their morphology can be an essential factor for their conservation in the sense of how these species are responding to changes in their habitats. We analyzed the morphological variations of stickleback populations from several lakes in 4 different countries, Scotland, Iceland, Canada and Alaska, which have different environmental characteristics in order to sense the degree of morphological variability of the stickleback throughout its distribution area and whether this is the highest regional (among countries) or local (among lakes) level. A total of 2,763 were analyzed regarding body shape and 9 morphometric variables were analyzed for the same individuals. Two morphological types belonging to the American continent and the European continent were identified. More differences were found related to the morphometry of the necessary than related to their body shape, especially between countries. In terms of analyzes between lakes, within each country, there was great variability in the complementary variables and practically no difference was obtained regarding the shape of the body. Thus, our results obtained that an overall shape of the stickleback body may be responding more strongly to large-scale variations, along its distribution and less to the specific characteristics of the habitat
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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