1,720,962 research outputs found
POINT AND INTERVAL ESTIMATORS OF THE TARGET DOSE IN CLINICAL DOSE-FINDING STUDIES WITH ACTIVE CONTROL
No full textIn a clinical dose finding study with active control a new drug with several dose levels is compared with an active comparator drug. The main focus of such studies often lies on the estimation of a target dose that leads to the same efficacy as the control. This article investigates the finite sample properties of the maximum likelihood estimation of the target dose and compares several approaches for constructing corresponding confidence intervals under the assumption of a linear dose-response curve and normal error terms. Furthermore, the impact of deviations from the model assumptions regarding the error distribution is explored
Risk prediction of very early recurrence, death and progression after acute ischaemic stroke
No full textBackground and purpose Early recurrent strokes lead to extended hospitalization and high number of complications. We investigated three stroke scores, the Essen Stroke Risk Score (ESRS), the ABCD2 and the Recurrence Risk Estimator at 90days (RRE-90) for their prognostic value to predict early recurrent stroke, death and progressive stroke. Methods Clinical and radiological data from 1727 consecutive patients with ischaemic stroke, being admitted to the stroke unit, were evaluated retrospectively. Predictive value of stroke scores was tested for early recurrence within 7days, death and progressive stroke expressed as observational risk and area under the receiver operator curve (AUROC). Results Early recurrent stroke occurred in 56 patients (3.2%), 40 patients (2.3%) died within the first 7days and 125 patients (7.2%) had a progressive stroke. ESRS was not predictive for early recurrence, death or progressive stroke. ABCD2 score was predictive for death (P<0.01; 2; AUROC, 0.65; 0.580.72), and progressive stroke (P<0.001; 2; AUROC, 0.70; 0.660.74). RRE-90 predicted early recurrent stroke (P<0.001; 2; AUROC, 0.65; 0.580.73), early death (P<0.001; 2; AUROC, 0.72; 0.660.78) and progressive stroke (P<0.001; 2; AUROC, 0.66; 0.610.71). Conclusions RRE-90 bears high potential to not only predict early recurrence but also death and progression after ischaemic stroke. ABCD2 appears to be useful to predict risk of death and progression. These findings have relevant clinical implications for early triage of patients being admitted to stroke units
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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