265 research outputs found
Intelligente daglichtsystemen: De toepassingsmogelijkheden van 'smart materials'
No full textBuilding TechnologyArchitectur
WHY HAS THE PAPER ENTITLED "GREATWALL-PHOSPHORYLATED Α-ENDOSULFINE IS BOTH AN INHIBITOR AND A SUBSTRATE OF PP2A-B55 HETEROTRIMERS" BY WILLIAMS, M.C. ET AL. THAT WAS PUBLISHED IN ELIFE [WILLIAMS, B.C., FILTER, J.J., BLAKE-HODEK, K.A., FUDA, N.J., SHALLOWAY, D. AND GOLDBERG, M.L. (2014) ELIFE, DOI: 10.7554/ELIFE.01695 ] NOT BEEN RETRACTED?
No full textThe paper entitled "Greatwall-phosphorylated α-Endosulfine is both an inhibitor and a substrate of PP2A-B55 heterotrimers" authored by Williams, B.C. et al. [Williams, B.C., Filter, J.J., Blake-Hodek, K.A., Fuda, N.J., Shalloway, D. and Goldberg, M.L. and Published in the Journal eLife [eLife (2014) e01695, doi: 10.7554/elife.01695] was the subject of an investigative critique [Tung, H.Y.L. (2020) J. Invest. Cri. Pub. Sci. Articles, Vol. 1, pp193-200, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5115188]. It was previously reported that the paper by Williams, et al. was riddled with Dishonest Scientific Reported, Data Falsification and possibly Data Fabrication. After, contacting the Editor in Chief of eLife, Drs Michael B. Eisen, the author of this report was referred to the Managing Editor of eLife, Dr Wei Mun Chan who is not an expert in Enzymology by any stretch of imagination. The Managing Editor of eLife apparently obtained some response from Williams, et al. which was not only unsatisfactory scientifically but aggravated the seriousness of this case as it was revealed that Williams et al. obtained conclusions of their paper based on some experiments in which they were counting ~3 cpm of radioactivity above background. When the author of this report pointed the fantastical results that Williams et al. claimed they were able to obtain, the author of this Report received no sign of life from the Managing editor and the Editor in Chief of eLife. This Report provides further evidence that Williams, B.C. et al. committed Dishonest Scientific Reporting, Data Falsification and Data Fabrication in their paper
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF SUBMITTING A PREPRINT ARTICLE TO BIORXIV AND CHEMRXIV: ARE BIORXIV AND CHEMRXIV ACTING AS MOB PEER REVIEW CENSORSHIP BOARD?
No full textAccording to their websites of bioRxiv and chemRxiv do not perform peer reviews of preprint articles that are submitted to them and that they only screen submitted preprint articles for . The experience of this author is that bioRxiv and chemRxiv not only perform extensive reviews of submitted preprint articles, they also act a Mob Peer Review Censorship Board. The qualifications of the Mob Peer Reviewers of bioRxiv and chemRxiv are questionable. It is impossible to contact the persons who run bioRxiv and chemRxiv. It is quite disturbing and disgusting that the flow of scientific information in the "freest country of the world" is controlled by two outfits that acts as Mob Peer Review Censorship Board. The actions of bioRxiv and chemRxiv which operate with tax paper's largesse are selective, opaque, arbitrary and a violations of Fundamental Right of the United States citizens to write and publish
Distinct contributions of metabolic dysfunction and genetic risk factors in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
No full textFunding Information: This study was supported by Academy of Finland Grant 309263 (H.Y.-J.) and Grant 138006 (J.P.), EU H2020 project ?Elucidating Pathways of Steatohepatitis? EPoS Grant 634413 (H.Y.-J.), H2020-JTI-IMI2 EU project 777377-2 Liver Investigation: Testing Marker Utility in Steatohepatitis (LITMUS) (H.Y.-J.), Government Funding (H.Y.-J.), Novo Nordisk Foundation (H.Y.-J., P.K.L., M.A.-K.), Ralph Gr?sbeck Scholarship of the Minerva Foundation (P.K.L.), Novo Nordisk Foundation (P.K.L.), Juho Vainio Foundation (J.P.), Finnish Medical Foundation (V.M.), British Heart Foundation Senior Research Fellowship in Basic Science (FS/15/56/31645) (L.H.) and Kuopio University Hospital Project grant (J.P., EVO/VTR grants 2005-2019). Funding Information: This study was supported by Academy of Finland Grant 309263 (H.Y.-J.) and Grant 138006 (J.P.), EU H2020 project ‘Elucidating Pathways of Steatohepatitis’ EPoS Grant 634413 (H.Y.-J.), H2020-JTI-IMI2 EU project 777377-2 Liver Investigation: Testing Marker Utility in Steatohepatitis (LITMUS) (H.Y.-J.), Government Funding (H.Y.-J.), Novo Nordisk Foundation (H.Y.-J., P.K.L., M.A.-K.), Ralph Gräsbeck Scholarship of the Minerva Foundation (P.K.L.), Novo Nordisk Foundation (P.K.L.), Juho Vainio Foundation (J.P.), Finnish Medical Foundation (V.M.), British Heart Foundation Senior Research Fellowship in Basic Science (FS/15/56/31645) (L.H.) and Kuopio University Hospital Project grant (J.P., EVO/VTR grants 2005-2019). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)Background & Aims: There is substantial inter-individual variability in the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Part of which is explained by insulin resistance (IR) (‘MetComp’) and part by common modifiers of genetic risk (‘GenComp’). We examined how IR on the one hand and genetic risk on the other contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Methods: We studied 846 individuals: 492 were obese patients with liver histology and 354 were individuals who underwent intrahepatic triglyceride measurement by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A genetic risk score was calculated using the number of risk alleles in PNPLA3, TM6SF2, MBOAT7, HSD17B13 and MARC1. Substrate concentrations were assessed by serum NMR metabolomics. In subsets of participants, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and their flux were assessed by D5-glycerol and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (n = 41), and hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) was measured by D2O (n = 61). Results: We found that substrate surplus (increased concentrations of 28 serum metabolites including glucose, glycolytic intermediates, and amino acids; increased NEFAs and their flux; increased DNL) characterized the ‘MetComp’. In contrast, the ‘GenComp’ was not accompanied by any substrate excess but was characterized by an increased hepatic mitochondrial redox state, as determined by serum β-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio, and inhibition of hepatic pathways dependent on tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, such as DNL. Serum β-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio correlated strongly with all histological features of NAFLD. IR and hepatic mitochondrial redox state conferred additive increases in histological features of NAFLD. Conclusions: These data show that the mechanisms underlying ‘Metabolic’ and ‘Genetic’ components of NAFLD are fundamentally different. These findings may have implications with respect to the diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD. Lay summary: The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can be explained in part by a metabolic component, including obesity, and in part by a genetic component. Herein, we demonstrate that the mechanisms underlying these components are fundamentally different: the metabolic component is characterized by hepatic oversupply of substrates, such as sugars, lipids and amino acids. In contrast, the genetic component is characterized by impaired hepatic mitochondrial function, making the liver less able to metabolize these substrates.Peer reviewe
White Slavery Writing Contemplates China: Jean Turner Zimmermann’s The Social Menace of the Orient
No full text齊墨曼的《東方社會威脅》是極少數專門討論中國白奴問題的著述，顯示美國進步主義年代的除惡運動自詡道德，積極參與了當時美國擴張主義的論述，藉由批評經濟霸權支持文化帝國主義。本文細讀這本宣傳小冊，分析書中如何將白奴買賣描繪成跨國女性回收市場，並將異族的嫖妓行為類比為強暴，透露出作者交雜的白人優越意識與亞洲威脅恐慌。白奴的海外輸出與作者的跨國救援更模糊了內政與外事之分。作者最終藉由種族、階級與性別的交錯關係，護衛了美國中產階級白人女性的社會與政治權利，並在除惡運動中找到自己的利基。但是齊墨曼與中國白奴問題的邊緣化卻也透露出除惡運動對救援對象的取捨，謹防回歸的中國白奴威脅主流種族文化。This paper looks at Jean Turner Zimmermann’s The Social Menace of the Orient: White or Yellow (1921), one of the very few white slavery tracts focusing on white prostitution in China, as an example of how the anti-vice activists of the Progressive Era injected a moralistic discourse into American expansionism, advocating cultural imperialism while deploring the operations of economic imperialism. Zimmermann elaborates the white slavery tropes of big business into transnational female-recycling corporations dealing in fatal diseases and compares forced prostitution to war-time rape, thus revealing the fears of Asiatic threats lurking beneath white supremacy. The intercontinental career of the white slaves and Zimmermann’s mission, however, blur the demarcation between the domestic and the foreign. The intersection of race, class and gender in her writing enables the author to assert the social and political rights of white middleclass women and find her niche in the Social Purity Movement; yet the marginalization of Zimmermann and her branch of the anti-vice campaign implies that the American prostitutes in China, should they be rescued, could become a menace to the American mainstream
On the Alexandrov problem of distance preserving mapping
No full textAbstractIn this paper the author has studied the Alexandrov problem of area preserving mappings in linear 2-normed spaces and has provided some remarks for the generalization of earlier results of H.Y. Chu, C.G. Park and W.G. Park.In addition the author has introduced the concept of linear (2,p)-normed spaces and for such spaces he has solved the Alexandrov problem
A CeO <sub>2</sub> (100) surface reconstruction unveiled by in situ STEM and particle swarm optimization techniques
No full textThe reconstruction of the polar CeO
(100) surface has been a subject of long-standing debates due to its complexity and the limited availability of experimental data. Herein, we successfully reveal a CeO
(100)–(4 × 6) surface reconstruction by combining in situ spherical aberration–corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, density functional theory calculations, and a particle swarm optimization–based algorithm for structure searching. We have further elucidated the stabilizing mechanism of the reconstructed structure, which involves the splitting of the filled Ce(4f) states and the mixing of the lower-lying ones with the O(2p) orbitals, as evidenced by the projected density of states. We also reveal that the surface chemisorption properties toward water molecules, an important step in numerous heterogeneous catalytic reactions, are enhanced. These insights into the distinct properties of ceria surface pave the way for performance improvements of ceria in a wide range of applications..W. acknowledges the financial support of the national natural Science Foundationof china (51971202, 52025011, and 92045301), the Key Research and development Programof Zhejiang Province (2021c01003), the Zhejiang Provincial natural Science Foundation ofchina (ld19B030001), the Shanxi- Zheda institute of Advanced Materials and chemicalengineering, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the central Universities. W.Y.acknowledges the financial support of the national natural Science Foundation of china(52171019), the Zhejiang Provincial natural Science Foundation of china (lR23B030004), andthe national Key Research and development Program (2022YFA1505500). Z.-K.h.acknowledges the financial support of the national nature Science Foundation of china(22302173). M.v.G.-P. thanks the support of the Grant Pid2021-128915nB- i00 funded by Mcin/Aei/10.13039/501100011033 and by “eRdF A way of making europe.” Author contributions:conceptualization: S.l., Z.-K.h., W.Y.., h.Y., M.v.G.-P., and Y.W. Methodology: K.Z., G.l., S.l.,Z.- K.h., W.Y., and Y.W. investigation: K.Z., G.l., c.Z., S.c., and h.Y. visualization: K.Z., G.l., Z.-K.h.,Y.J., h.Y., and Y.W. Supervision: S.l., Z.-K.h., W.Y., h.Y., M.v.G.-P., and Y.W. Writing—original draft:K.Z. and Y.W. Writing—review and editing: K.Z., G.l., S.d.l., Z.- K.h., Y.J., W.Y., h.Y., M.v.G.- P., andY.W. Funding acquisition: Z.-K.h., W.Y., and Y.W. data curation: W.Y. validation: G.l., S.l., W.Y.,h.Y., and Y.W. Project administration: Z.-K.h., W.Y., and Y.W. Formal analysis: K.Z., G.l., S.l.,Z.- K.h., h.Y. Resources: S.l. and Y.W. Software: S.l
Wave-induced stem breakage in a vegetated foreshore and its implication on probability of flooding
No full textVarious flood protection measures are studied across the globe, and nature-friendly and environmentally resilient methods are gaining more attention. As part of the building with nature initiative, the project BE SAFE (Bio-Engineering for SAFEty) studies the effects of a vegetated foreshore as a flood protection measure which is found to be very effective. Vegetation helps to reduce wave energy as the stems and canopy work as small hurdles and obstacles that the waves need to pass. In this process, the waves lose much of its energy and the wave height reduces. As a result, the wave height is lower at the shore and less force acts on the coastal dike. From previous research, vegetation is known to be a dominant measure of wave energy dissipation, but the detailed processes of how it interacts with waves is not well known. Until now, vegetation in the foreshore has either been completely ignored (by coastal dike managers) or considered healthy and abundant (by ecologists). This research acknowledges that vegetation exists, but its strength and stem density may vary depending on the location and time of the year. The focus of this research is understanding the interaction between vegetation and waves, as well as its implications to the probability of dike overtopping and flooding. As waves pass through vegetation, stems break from the wave forcing which results in a variation of stem density in time (season) and space (foreshore). In this research, the mechanical interaction between vegetation stems and wave force is assessed to understand the point of stem breakage. Further, the vegetation stem breakage is implemented into the wave energy balance and in the probabilistic model of V. Vuik to quantify the probability of overtopping and dike failure. Stem strength is quantified by the three-point bending test results from NIOZ (Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research), which is used to calculate the maximum allowable stress of the stem. This stem strength is compared to the wave-induced stress which is formulated by taking the Morison-type equation to quantify a uniform wave load acting over the submerged length of the stem. In this mechanical analysis, stems are assumed to break when the wave load exceeds stem strength. Stem breakage is then implemented into the wave energy balance formulas, through which the stem density variation affects the amount of wave energy dissipation by influencing the wave height transformation. A correction factor is introduced to take into account leaning stems, but the correction factor could also include other simplifications that are not accounted for. Further, the performance of the wave energy balance is assessed through a sensitivity analysis of incoming wave height and seasonal vegetation data. Seasonal vegetation data and stem breakage is implemented to the probabilistic model of V. Vuik which quantifies the probability of flooding (due to overtopping). Vegetation and correlation scenarios are tested to find the optimum approach and address the uncertainty in the result. Of the different vegetation scenarios, the most realistic approach is the percent stem breakage which evaluates wave load to the normal cumulative distribution function of stem strength. Further, the uncertainty of model results is reduced by using the correlation scenario with characteristic relations between vegetation parameters. Including vegetation stem breakage in the probabilistic model produces reasonable results, yet further research to calibrate the correction factor and to better define characteristic relations would strengthen the model result.Civil Engineering and GeosciencesHydraulic Engineerin
The freedom of light characteristics in atmosphere perception for the living room
No full textWith the introduction of LED lighting, nowadays designers and architects have more flexibility to evoke emotions and create certain atmospheres in a space by means of artificial lighting. The perceived atmosphere in a space is an experience of the surroundings in relation to ourselves; it is an affective evaluation of the environment (Scholten et al., 2003; Vogels, 2008). Previous studies related to atmosphere perception have given valuable insight into the relation between white light and the perceived atmosphere (Vogels et al., 2008). Moreover, in (Seuntiens and Vogels, 2008) four atmospheres (cosy, relaxing, activating and exciting) were designed by professional lighting designer for a standard living room and verified by end users. This study found clear commonalities between the professional lighting designers with respect to the chosen light characteristics to evoke a certain atmosphere in the room. However, it was not clear how much variation in light characteristics was allowed before an initially perceived atmosphere disappears. In the present research three experiments were conducted to investigate the allowed variation in light characteristics (luminance, color temperature, hue and saturation) on two atmospheres, namely cosy and activating. In the first study, a tuning experiment was conducted in order to investigate the allowed variation in light characteristics on the initially perceived “cosy” and “activating” atmosphere. In general, the results of the first experiment showed that participants allowed quite some variation in light characteristics in both atmospheres. On average participants allowed an increase in luminance of the white light sources of a factor two to four compared to the initial luminance level, and a decrease in luminance of at least a factor of two. Furthermore, a consistent change of about 800K was allowed for the increase in color temperature in the “cosy” atmosphere and the decrease in color temperature in the “activating” atmosphere. Due to technical limitations, the decrease in color temperature in the “cosy” atmosphere and the increase in color temperature in the “activating” atmosphere were not investigated in this study. Finally, the allowed change in hue and chroma of the colored luminaires was found to be larger in the “activating” atmosphere than in the “cosy” atmosphere. In order to investigate the effect of a change in light characteristics on the perceived atmosphere, a difference scaling experiment was conducted. In this experiment, participants compared the average allowed change in light settings as obtained from the first study to the light settings corresponding to a “cosy” or “activating” atmosphere as reference. A short version of the original atmosphere questionnaire of Vogels (2008) was used to assess the perceived atmosphere in the room. The results showed that an increase in luminance of the white light sources reduced the cosiness and tenseness of the atmosphere, and enlarged its liveliness and detachment (with a reverse effect for a decrease in luminance). A decrease in color temperature was found to increase the cosiness, and to reduce the liveliness and detachment of the atmosphere. With regard to the colored luminaires, a change in hue was found to mainly affect the cosiness and detachment, whereas a decrease in chroma mainly affected the liveliness and detachment. In a follow-up experiment participants assessed the perceived atmosphere for the allowed change in light settings without the initial “cosy” and “activating” atmosphere as a reference to compare with. In general, similar trends with respect to the changes in the atmosphere were found, however, the effects were considerably smaller. This indicates that participants found it more difficult to distinguish the atmosphere related to the different light settings when they could not directly compare them. In this study, boundaries for the allowed variation in luminance, color temperature, hue and chroma were obtained for the “cosy” and “activating” atmosphere. In addition, the results gave further insight into the relation between light and perceived atmosphere. However, this research also has its limitations in the sense that some light characteristics, such as the spatial distribution of the light, and its dynamics, as well as the spatial configuration of the light sources, were not included. More research is needed to investigate the effect of these aspects on perceived atmosphere further.Man-Machine Interaction GroupElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
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