1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Essays on Gender and Labor Economics
No full textThis dissertation explores the role federal policy can play in rectifying gender inequities in labor market outcomes. The first chapter shows that federal anti-discrimination policy helped to increase women’s representation in medical education, contributing to a stark decline in occupational segregation in the second half of the 20th century. The second chapter shows that equal pay policy in the 1960s led to marked increases in women’s earnings, staving off an increase in the gender pay gap, especially for lower-earning women. The third chapter makes a theoretical contribution to our understanding of why firms offer parental leave, an amenity at the heart of discussions surrounding the differential labor market impact of childbirth on women and men.
In Chapter 1, I consider the role of federal policy in increasing women’s access to medical education. In the 1960s, women comprised under 10% of all medical students, resulting in a lopsided gender imbalance in the medical profession. I find that a host of federal anti-discrimination policies, implemented in the late 1960s and early 1970s, increased women’s enrollment by successfully applying pressure to curb sex discrimination in admissions though the threat of revoking federal funding. In addition, this policy amplified the impact of a massive expansion in enrollment through Health Manpower policy on women by allowing them to capture a higher fraction of newly created seats.
In Chapter 2, Martha J. Bailey, Bryan A. Stuart and I consider the success of two landmark statutes—the Equal Pay and Civil Rights Acts—in targeting the long-standing practice of employment discrimination against U.S. women. At the beginning of the 1960s, the gender earnings ratio at the median had dipped below 60%, and the stability of this statistic over the next decade suggested that policy had not done much to alleviate this gap. We revisit this conclusion using two separate causal designs. In our first design, we find that women’s wages grew more quickly after 1964 in states that did not have pre-existing equal pay laws, where we would expect the effects of federal policy to be the strongest. Then, in our second design, we find larger wage growth for women working in jobs with a higher wage gap, where pay discrimination is more likely to be present.
In Chapter 3, I consider the question of why firms voluntarily offer parental leave as a benefit to employees. The federal government requires covered employers to provide only 12 weeks of job protected unpaid leave through the Family and Medical Leave Act, but many employers provide additional wage replacement and leave time beyond this statutory requirement. I consider a setting where workers and firms search over a collection of submarkets characterized by the posted wage and likelihood of finding an employment match. Firms are homogenous but are able to choose whether or not they offer a job with parental leave. Workers differ from one another in the amount of time they would spend out of the labor market on leave after childbirth. I find that firms will only offer leave when the duration of expected leave is below a particular threshold. This threshold is given at the point where the benefit of leave, given by hiring savings, is higher than the cost of retaining a worker on leave net of pass through to the employee.PhDEconomicsUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/178135/1/tehelg_1.pd
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The Fourth Branch of Government: How Direct Democracy is Altering the Structure of State Governments
Get PDFThis paper aims to explore how direct democracy (i.e. the initiative and referendum) affect the balance of power in state governments. Traditionally, like the federal government, state governments consist of three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. Due to a complex system of checks and balances, one branch cannot become too powerful, adhering to an anti-monarchy sentiment of the founders of the United States. In this set-up, the legislative branch is responsible for creating policy, the executive branch is responsible for implementing it, and the judicial branch is responsible for interpreting it. My thesis is that direct democracy, by allowing the populous to directly implement policy without bearing the responsibility for their actions as politicians do, undermines the legislative branch and therefore representative democracy itself, leading to irresponsible legislation that is not subject to the scrutiny of the United States political process.</jats:p
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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