1,720,989 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
An afternoon with Chopin and George Sand
No full textAn original edutainment piece written by Caroline Heim and Christian Heim. Frederic Chopin and George Sands' turbulent and fraught relationship is dramatised through Chopin's music and Sand's writings
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Valve de substitution textile en polyéthylène téréphtalate PET : optimisation et fonctionnalisation du matériau
No full textThèse en cotutelle : Université Laval, Québec, Canada, Philosophiæ doctor (Ph. D.) et Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, FranceLe remplacement de la valve aortique par chirurgie non invasive TAVR est devenu une alternative au remplacement à cœur ouvert chez des patients à haut risque chirurgical. En 2018, plus de 300 000 patients à travers le monde ont reçu une valve aortique par voie transcathéter ce qui représente un marché mondial d'une valeur de 2 milliards de dollars par an. Cependant la durée de vie du tissu biologique utilisé pour réaliser les feuillets valvulaires dans les dispositifs existants reste une problématique à résoudre, car il existe très peu de données cliniques sur le sujet. En effet, l’implantation transcathéter impose des contraintes spécifiques, qui tendent à dégrader et fragiliser le matériau dont la durée de vie devient limitée. Le succès de la procédure TAVR favorise la recherche des matériaux synthétiques de remplacement valvulaires comme alternatives aux tissus biologiques, dont la durabilité reste inconnue. En particulier, la valve textile a récemment prouvé sa durabilité sur une étude In Vivo de 6 mois effectuée sur des moutons. La fibrose et la calcification restent cependant des facteurs critiques à contourner. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse s’inscrit dans la perspective de développer des stratégies pour améliorer labio compatibilité de la valve de substitution textile en polyéthylène téréphtalate PET. Dans le cadre de ce projet, deux stratégies ont été investiguées parallèlement pour limiter les problématiques de biocompatibilité de la valve textile. Premièrement, une fonctionnalisation de la valve textile au Polyéthylène glycol a été effectué pour augmenter son caractère hydrophile ce qui limiterait la fibrose. La valve est traitée en surface au plasma pour ne pas compromettre la flexibilité et les propriétés mécaniques du matériau textile. Une caractérisation du traitement ainsi que des études in vitro complétées par deux implantations in vivo ont été réalisées. Deuxièmement, un concept innovant de la valve hybride a été étudié. Ce concept consiste à élaborer un textile hybride composé d’un tissé de polytéréphtalathe d’éthylène (PET) auquel sera adjoint un textile non tissé de microfibres de PET afin de limiter la fibrose. Les caractéristiques physiques et les performances mécaniques de cette valve hybride ont été étudiées. Cette stratégie a été complétée par l’étude des intéractions du substrat de textile hybride avec les cellules. Des textiles hybrides de différents types ont été considérés pour démontrer l’influence de leurs propriétés physico-chimiques sur le comportement cellulaire. Cette étude vient confirmer le potentiel du concept de la valve hybride pour limiter le phénomène de fibrose Dans l’ensemble, ce projet de recherche a mis en évidence que ces deux stratégies ont bel et bien limité la fibrose mais ils ont révélé une problématique de calcification qui est critique dans la mesure où elle provoque la rigidification des feuillets de la valve. Plusieurs stratégies seront discutées pour limiter ce phénomène.Over the last decade, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become an accepted alternative technique to surgical valve replacement for over 300.000 patients worldwide in 2018, representing a global market worth-2 billion per year. This non-invasive technique provides increased comfort to the patient but is today mainly used for critical patients who cannot undergo classic surgery. Currently, the valve material used in the TAVR procedure is made of biologic tissues. However, there is a lack of data about the long-term durability of biological tissues used in transcatheter devices. Consequently, future devices should be manufactured with a smaller diameter in order to be more easily inserted through already diseased artery networks. Accordingly, it is of interest to investigate the potential of synthetic valve leaflet materials as an alternative to biological tissues. In particular, textile valves have recently proven durability in vivo over a 6 months period in animal sheep models. Exaggerated fibrotic tissue formation remains, however, a critical issue to be addressed. In this context, the aim of this work is to investigate strategies to improve the biocompatibility of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) textile valve. As part of this project, two strategies were studied in order to limit the problems of biocompatibility of the textile valve. The first strategy consists on investigating the potential of PET textiles covalently conjugated with PEG to modulate the fibrosis formation both in vitro and in vivo. For this purpose, the surfaces of heart valves made of PET textiles were functionalized using an atmospheric pressure plasma in a gas environment enabling the formation of carboxylic acid (-COOH) groups on the surface of the material and further conjugated with PEGNH2. PEGylated surfaces were then characterized, and cell culture was carried out using rat cardiac fibroblast cells. In addition, an in vivo implantation of a PEG treated valve in a juvenile sheep model was performed and showed a significant fibrosis reduction. The implantation also revealed calcification issues that need to be addressed. The second strategy consists on investigating the design of a composite hybrid fibrous construction combining a woven PET layer and a non-woven PET mat, which are expected to provide respectively strength and appropriate topography towards limited fibrotic tissue ingrowth. For that purpose, a specific equipment has been developed to produce slight non-woven PET mats. These mats were assembled with woven PET substrates using various assembling techniques in order to obtain hybrid fibrous constructions. The physical and mechanical properties of the obtained materials were assessed and valve samples were manufactured to be tested in vitro for hydrodynamic performances. Then, a study of the interactions of the hybrid textile substrate with cells was conducted. Hybrid textiles of different types have been explored to demonstrate the influence of their physicochemical properties on cellular behavior. Results bring out that the composite hybrid fibrous construction is characterized by properties suitable for the valve leaflet function and for limiting the phenomenon of fibrosis, but the durability of the assembling is however limited under accelerated cyclic loading. Briefly, this research project revealed that these two strategies did indeed limit fibrosis, but that there is another problem of calcification that is critical as it stiffens the leaflets of the valve. Several strategies will be discussed to limit this phenomenon
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
