1,722,103 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Efficient and robust Schur complement approximations in the augmented Lagrangian preconditioner for the incompressible laminar flows
No full textThis paper introduces three new Schur complement approximations for the augmented Lagrangian preconditioner. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations discretized by a stabilized finite element method are utilized to evaluate these new approximations of the Schur complement. A wide range of numerical experiments in the laminar context determines the most efficient Schur complement approximation and investigates the effect of the Reynolds number, mesh anisotropy and refinement on the optimal choice. Furthermore, the advantage over the traditional Schur complement approximation is exhibited.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Numerical Analysi
Semi-automated framework for the analytical use of gene-centric data with biological ontologies
Get PDFMotivation Translational bioinformatics(TBI) has been defined as ‘the development
and application of informatics methods that connect molecular entities to clinical entities’
[1], which has emerged as a systems theory approach to bridge the huge wealth of
biomedical data into clinical actions using a combination of innovations and resources
across the entire spectrum of biomedical informatics approaches [2]. The challenge
for TBI is the availability of both comprehensive knowledge based on genes and the
corresponding tools that allow their analysis and exploitation.
Traditionally, biological researchers usually study one or only a few genes at a
time, but in recent years high throughput technologies such as gene expression microarrays,
protein mass-spectrometry and next-generation DNA and RNA sequencing
have emerged that allow the simultaneous measurement of changes on a genome-wide
scale. These technologies usually result in large lists of interesting genes, but meaningful
biological interpretation remains a major challenge. Over the last decade, enrichment
analysis has become standard practice in the analysis of such gene lists, enabling
systematic assessment of the likelihood of differential representation of defined groups
of genes compared to suitably annotated background knowledge. The success of such
analyses are highly dependent on the availability and quality of the gene annotation
data.
For many years, genes were annotated by different experts using inconsistent, non-standard
terminologies. Large amounts of variation and duplication in these unstructured
annotation sets, made them unsuitable for principled quantitative analysis. More
recently, a lot of effort has been put into the development and use of structured, domain
specific vocabularies to annotate genes. The Gene Ontology is one of the most successful
examples of this where genes are annotated with terms from three main clades;
biological process, molecular function and cellular component. However, there are
many other established and emerging ontologies to aid biological data interpretation,
but are rarely used. For the same reason, many bioinformatic tools only support analysis
analysis using the Gene Ontology.
The lack of annotation coverage and the support for them in existing analytical
tools to aid biological interpretation of data has become a major limitation to their utility
and uptake. Thus, automatic approaches are needed to facilitate the transformation
of unstructured data to unlock the potential of all ontologies, with corresponding bioinformatics
tools to support their interpretation.
Approaches In this thesis, firstly, similar to the approach in [3,4], I propose a series
of computational approaches implemented in a new tool OntoSuite-Miner to address
the ontology based gene association data integration challenge. This approach uses
NLP based text mining methods for ontology based biomedical text mining. What
differentiates my approach from other approaches is that I integrate two of the most
wildly used NLP modules into the framework, not only increasing the confidence of
the text mining results, but also providing an annotation score for each mapping, based
on the number of pieces of evidence in the literature and the number of NLP modules
that agreed with the mapping. Since heterogeneous data is important in understanding
human disease, the approach was designed to be generic, thus the ontology
based annotation generation can be applied to different sources and can be repeated
with different ontologies. Secondly, in respect of the second challenge proposed by
TBI, to increase the statistical power of the annotation enrichment analysis, I propose
OntoSuite-Analytics, which integrates a collection of enrichment analysis methods into
a unified open-source software package named topOnto, in the statistical programming
language R. The package supports enrichment analysis across multiple ontologies with
a set of implemented statistical/topological algorithms, allowing the comparison of enrichment
results across multiple ontologies and between different algorithms.
Results The methodologies described above were implemented and a Human Disease
Ontology (HDO) based gene annotation database was generated by mining three
publicly available database, OMIM, GeneRIF and Ensembl variation. With the availability
of the HDO annotation and the corresponding ontology enrichment analysis
tools in topOnto, I profiled 277 gene classes with human diseases and generated ‘disease
environments’ for 1310 human diseases. The exploration of the disease profiles
and disease environment provides an overview of known disease knowledge and provides
new insights into disease mechanisms. The integration of multiple ontologies
into a disease context demonstrates how ‘orthogonal’ ontologies can lead to biological
insight that would have been missed by more traditional single ontology analysis
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
