1,720,990 research outputs found
Replication Data for: Training Children's Strategic Reasoning
No full textThis projects investigates how theory-of-mind training through a series of drama classes influences children's decision-making
Replication Data for: On the Developmental Origin of Intrinsic Honesty
No full textContrary to the self-interestedness assumption, numerous economic studies have documented that people are intrinsically honest. However, little is known about this trait’s developmental origin. This study examines whether and the extent to which children in early childhood incur the intrinsic lying cost. We modified the commonly used coin-flip task into a child-friendly ball-drawing task with 10 trials and conducted the experiment with 225 child participants aged three to eight years old. We found that—although young children, on average, told two lies in the task (an average winning rate of 71%)—they lied significantly less than the maximum level (i.e., lying 100% of the time). The pattern was largely similar across gender and the age range studied. Furthermore, our child subjects’ propensity to lie dropped by approximately 9% when they were randomly assigned to the treatment condition with an increased “perceived” intrinsic cost of lying. Overall, our results align with the innate morality hypothesis: young children, as young as three years old, are willing to give up pecuniary rewards in order to remain honest
Replication Data for: Does Speech Rate Influence Intertemporal Decisions? An Experimental Investigation
No full textThis paper experimentally examines the effect of speech rate on intertemporal decisions. In a delay-discounting task, subjects made a series of intertemporal choices between smaller-sooner and larger-delayed rewards and were asked to listen to a voice recording verbalizing the information for payoff options. We manipulated the speech rate of the voice recordings and administered two treatment conditions: Slow and Fast. We did not find an overall treatment effect in the acoustic manipulation
Nature vs nurture : an experimental study on intergenerational transmission of risk preference
No full textThis paper reviews empirically the extent to which parents shape the risk attitudes of their
children through simple decision-making tasks. Utilising the Holt-Laury’s Task Experiment, we
conducted a novel experiment on 201 pairs of parent-child subjects by introducing a separation
intervention as our treatment. We targeted young children of ages from 3 to 8 years old. Our findings support the intergenerational transmission of risk attitude; they show that the risk behaviour of parents is statistically significant and positively correlated to their children. Our results also suggest that there is no significant effect of risk preferences of parents on children when they conduct the experiment in different rooms. This highlights the importance of parental involvement in harnessing children’s risk-taking impulses, and vitally suggests that the nurture from parents is critical in forming the risk preferences of their children.Bachelor of Arts in Economic
Effort provision as a reference point in risk decision-making
No full textThis paper presents evidence on the effect of effort provision on the risk attitude of individuals through the mechanism of reference point. Effort is found to be perceived as part of people’s decision costs and is also capable of shaping their expectations, which are fundamental in the formation of reference points. We hypothesize that greater effort involved would lead to more risk-loving behaviors by raising subjects’ expectations and reference points, thus propelling them to take on more risk to gain a higher reward. In this study, we manipulate the effort level and elicit the effect on individuals’ risk preferences through investment decision-making. The experiment is programmed with the z-Tree software and 186 undergraduates were randomly allocated to four treatment groups which required different effort levels to obtain the same investment amount for the investment decision task. We observe that subjects who have exerted greater effort indeed exhibited a higher risk-taking attitude, which is consistent with our hypothesis. This result illustrates that these decision costs appear to have a significant effect on the behaviors of subjects in monetary investment decision task.Bachelor of Arts in Economic
Effects of language on economic decision making
No full textThe idea that language can affect decisions has been widely studied in the discipline of Psychology and Linguistics over the past half century, but only in the field of Economics in recent years. Some of these studies in Economics have attempted to show that linguistic structures of a language are responsible for certain economic behaviors. However, these studies were empirical and the authors were unable to disentangle the effects of culture that are associated with language from that of linguistic structures. This paper seeks to examine the separate effects of culture and linguistic structure on economic decisions. In our experiments conducted with bilingual subjects, we manipulated the culture and the linguistic structure to examine the effects that each has on social preferences. We do this by using the English and Mandarin language as a prime for culture, and by exploiting the structure of pronoun drop in the Mandarin language. Our results reveal that the linguistic structure of pronoun drop is significant in altering one’s social preferences, even after controlling for demographics and language background. Culture, on the other hand, was found to have an insignificant effect on social preferences. These results are significant in providing a deeper insight into the effects of language on decisions, and practical implications include achieving desirable behaviors in various social domains through the manipulation of linguistic structure.Bachelor of Art
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Rhythm of risk: the effects of musical tempo on risk aversion
No full textIn everyday situations, background music is unavoidable and affects one’s decision-making
process. This paper experimentally examines the effect of musical tempo on risk attitudes in said
decision-making processes. In a lottery-choice task, subjects made a series of binary choices
between 50-50 lottery and a sure outcome option while music was playing in the background. We manipulated the tempo of the background music and administered two treatment conditions:
Control and Treatment. We found that faster musical tempo decreased risk aversion. As only music from one musical genre (Jazz) was used, we cannot come to the same conclusion regarding music from other genres. In order to confirm the findings, future replications with more variations of music are necessary.Bachelor of Arts in Economic
Font matters: Times New Roman increases risk aversion
No full textThis study examines whether font type influences individuals’ financial decision-making in the domains of risk and time. Drawing on principles from cognitive psychology and behavioural economics and motivated by evidence that minor typographic adjustments significantly impact readers' information reception, an online experiment was conducted with 168 participants, who were randomly assigned to either Times New Roman (a serif font) or Comic Sans (a sans-serif font). Risk preferences were measured using a lottery-choice task, while time preferences were assessed via a delay-discounting method. Results indicate that participants exposed to Times New Roman exhibited significantly greater risk aversion at a 5% level than those exposed to Comic Sans, while time preferences remained unaffected. Although participants reported distinct perceptions and emotions associated with each font, these subjective assessments did not fully account for the observed statistical behavioural differences. The findings suggest that typography may influence decision-making through brain activation and other potential mechanisms. This insight underscores the importance of design considerations in decision architecture and invites further research on the cognitive pathways through which font types can nudge economic behaviour in decision-making.Bachelor's degre
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