53 research outputs found
Sodan sumu ja kitka sodankäynnin yleisissä periaatteissa
No full textTämän Pro Gradu -tutkielman tarkoitus oli selvittää, mitä sodan sumu ja kitka käsitteinä tarkoittavat. Lisäksi haluttiin selvittää, miten sodan sumua ja kitkaa voidaan vähentää yleisten taktisten periaatteiden avulla. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena ei ole antaa yleispätevää määritelmää sodan sumusta ja kitkasta, vaan antaa käytettyjen lähteiden perusteella esimerkkejä sodan sumun ja kitkan määritelmistä.
Tämä tutkimus on luonteeltaan laadullinen tutkimus. Tutkimus otteena käytetään hermeneuttista ajattelua. Tutkimuskeinona käytetään asiakirja tutkimusta ja sisällönanalyysiä, perehtymällä erilaisiin kirjallisiin lähteisiin ja analysoimalla sekä tekemällä johtopäätöksiä niistä. Sodan sumun ja kitkan määrittelemiseen käytetään käsiteanalyysiä. Tutkimuksen pääkysymys on: Mitä sodan sumu ja kitka tarkoittavat ja miten niitä voidaan vähentää sodankäynnin yleisten periaatteiden avulla? Alakysymyk-set ovat: 1) Miten sodan sumu ja kitka määritellään Clausewitzin Sodankäynnistä teoksen mukaan? 2) Miten sodan sumu ja kitka määritellään muissa lähteissä? 3) Miten sodan sumua ja kitkaa voidaan vähentää sodankäynnin yleisten periaatteiden avulla?
Sodan sumun ja kitkan määrittelyssä käytettiin eri lähteistä saatavia määritelmiä. Näistä määritelmistä koottiin yhteen keskeiset asiat ja luotiin viisi erilaista määritelmää sodan sumusta ja kitkasta. Näistä Clausewitzin ja Barry Wattsin mallit pohjautuvat suoraan heidän omiin teoksiinsa, koska he ovat analysoineet käsitteitä syvällisesti. Kolme muuta mallia muodostuivat useiden lähteiden synteesistä. Sodan yleisten periaatteiden osalta käsittelyyn otettiin kaksikymmentäkolme periaatetta. Näiden avulla tarkasteltiin Clausewitzin sodan yleisen kitkan vähentämistä.
Tutkimus osoitti Clausewitzin sodan yleisen kitkan olevan käyttökelpoinen käsite nykyaikana. Suuria eroja ei ollut löydettävissä sodan sumun ja kitkan määritelmien väliltä. Sodankäynnin yleisten periaatteiden avulla voidaan vähentää sodan yleistä kitkaa, erityisesti fyysisten ja henkisten rasitusten sekä epävarmuuden osalta
Analysis of key factors of contemporary „financial crisis" and its impacts on development of world economy
No full textThe paper deals with key factors of contemporary „financial crisis“ and their impacts on the development of world economy. First of all, the most important factors that caused the crisis are identified and their share on formation of
contemporary negative development trends of financial system is analyzed. Afterwards, their consequences on the development of world economy are assessed both from practical and theoretical points of view. Pursued analysis is focused on two basic spheres. First of all, it deals with negative economic factors that are explored from the point of view of all sorts of economic
subjects – it means households, companies and states. And what is especially important, it is focused on man himself (or herself) as he or she has “primary” influence on the development of world economy and thus the whole human society.
Finally, the matter of effectiveness of up-to now used anti-crisis measures are discussed, where possible negative impacts that can be caused by their long-term use are assessed. Last of all, possibility of global financial crisis that might cause collapse of world economy is outlined
Implicaciones sociolingüística del uso de la lengua miskitu en la comunidad Sumu-mayangna de Kalmata municipio de Rosita periodo 2002 -2003
No full textEs investigación esta enmarcada en el estudio del uso de la lengua miskitu en la comunidad Sumu Mayangna de Kalmata, el cual ha provocado que los comunitarios para la comunicación diaria usan más la lengua miskitu en vez del Sumu por lo mismo a nivel personal ha sido un interés abordar dicha problemática para conocer más a fondo sobre el fenómeno socia lingüístico que afecta a esta comunidad Sumu Mayangna de la variante lingüística Panamahka.
Para abordar dicha problemática, he partido de ciertas premisas que de hecho son proposición y supuestos, tales como:En matrimonios exogámicos o mixtos entre miskitu y sumu, es impuesta la lengua miskitu, la comunicación a nivel intrafamiliar e interfamiliar se da solamente en la lengua miskitu, así también el uso de la lengua miskitu en diversos contexto de la comunidad, tal como, en reuniones, iglesia y otros espacios.
Estas suposiciones y proposiciones se deberá de validar una ves que se tengan los resultados obtenidos podremos tener mayor clarides de la situación de la perdida de la lengua en la comunidad.
La selección del tema de este trabajo, es una de las motivaciones personales que he tenido por conocer el desarrollo de las lenguas y el proceso que se dan a partir de sus usuarios. El tema tiene mucho que ver con mi trabajo y la profesión de investigación que en la actualidad desempeño dentro de la institución universitaria
Za tu sumu jeden kámen hrobník mramorovej... : zlecenia kamieniarza Vincenta Strašryby z Wrocławiaz drugiej połowy XVI wieku
No full textZa tu sumu jeden kámen hrobník mramorove…: the commissions of the stonemason Vincent Strašryba of Breslau in the second half of 16th century
The article presents the stonemason Vincent Strašryba of Breslau (Wrocław), who in the second half of the 16th century settled in Bohemia, getting significant commissions. He specialized in epitaphs for the nobility. When he died of the plague in 1582 his relatives started a long legal tussle over the inheritance which involved estimating the value of his workshop and his commissions. Among the claimants were also his relations from Breslau, who tried to execute some of his unfinished commissions and probably used his contacts in Bohemia. Among Strašryba’s best works of is the epitaph of Jan Starší of Lobkovice, surviving until today in St Vitus Cathedral in Prague. It is an evidence of the influence of Silesian and Saxon art on Bohemian renaissance sculpture
A Study on the Optimization Strategy of Teaching Models for Scientific Thesis Writing Courses for Undergraduates in Public Administration
No full textBased on the case of School S, this paper examines the current state of scientific thesis writing courses for undergraduates in the field of public administration. The research reveals several key issues, including insufficient course content, an irrational course structure, and a relatively monotonous approach to teaching methods. The authors propose several strategies to solve these problems. Such as boosting the richness of the course content, refining the course structure for a deeper understanding of the thesis writing process, and integrating a variety of teaching methods to stimulate students' interest as well as improve their writing skills
Forced Relocation: Catalyst for Indigenous Resistance on Nicaragua’s Atlantic Coast, 1980–1990
No full textOver the course of this paper, the author carefully illustrates how Sandinista programs of cultural assistance and social reconstruction that were intended to benefit the peoples of Nicaragua’s Atlantic Coast actually served to alienate large segments of the indigenous population. Likewise, he shows how the apparent ignorance of the Frente Sandinista Liberación Nacional (FSLN) in regard to their understanding of indigenous social and political formations produced high levels of indifference among the Coast communities toward the revolutionary process. As a result, he demonstrates how increasingly repressive responses on the part of the Sandinista government toward popular dissension helped to transform the fundamental character of the indigenous opposition from one of political apathy to that of armed resistance. However, to reach such valid conclusions, the author first retraces the origins and evolution of the Miskito, Sumu, Rama, and Creole peoples within the context of their continuing struggle against the Nicaraguan state to maintain their own separate cultural and ethnic identities. In addition, he discusses the arrival of the Sandinistas on the Atlantic Coast and how their social and political interaction with the Costeños precipitated hostilities. Finally, the author examines the Sandinista decision to forcibly relocate large numbers of Miskito civilians and how it related to subsequent indigenous emigration and the emergence of an armed conflict
A Study on the Change Path of Public Administration Mode in the Era of Big Data
No full textThe advent of the big data era presents social public administration with a host of novel opportunities and challenges. Harnessing the capabilities and guiding influence of big data in a scientific manner is essential for enhancing the current standards of social and public administration. This paper delves into the critical issues confronting the existing public administration model within the big data context, including information security concerns, challenges in information integration, and the lack of information awareness among staff. It proposes targeted reform measures aimed at fostering the evolution of the public administration model to better adapt to and thrive in the new era
Raw data for sheep population in Ujimuqin grassland, Inner Mongolia
No full textThis dataset is the raw data for the article titled "density dependence underpins decoupling of livestock population and plant biomass in intensive grazing systems". This paper is accepted by Ecological Applications on May 15, 2021. The corresponding author is Ang Li, an ecologist in the Institute of Botany, China Academy of Sciences. The Email of Ang Li is [email protected]; [email protected].
After finished this study, we have founded by the China Academy of Sciences to collect the nomadic livestock data for all the China rangeland area. We will finish the project in 2025. Then, we will update this dataset, if we get the permission of China government.
Data description can be found in the method section of the article.
Table head means:
local : The sumu (three village) name in Chinese.
No.: The sumu id in this study.
Year: The data year from 1961-2005.
Nt: The population number in the t year.
Nt-1: The population in the t-1 year.
Mort: Mortality of sheep population in the t year.
Br: Brith rate of sheep population in the t year.
Area: The area of the given sumu.
Wi: Winter harshness index of t year.
Gr: Growth rate of sheep population in the t year.
Den: Sheep density in the t year.
Morts: Standardized mortality of sheep population in the t year.
Brs: Standardized birthrate of sheep population in the t year.
Grs: Standardized growth rate of sheep population in the t year.
Dens: Standardized population density of sheep in the t year
lyonsu47/data-code_for_DDIM: Raw data for sheep population in Ujimuqin grassland, Inner Mongolia
No full textThis dataset is the raw data for the article titled "density dependence underpins decoupling of livestock population and plant biomass in intensive grazing systems". This paper is accepted by Ecological Applications on May 15, 2021. The corresponding author is Ang Li, an ecologist in the Institute of Botany, China Academy of Sciences. The Email of Ang Li is [email protected]; [email protected].
After finished this study, we have founded by the China Academy of Sciences to collect the nomadic livestock data for all the China rangeland area. We will finish the project in 2025. Then, we will update this dataset, if we get the permission of China government.
Data description can be found in the method section of the article.
Table head means:
local : The sumu (three village) name in Chinese.
No.: The sumu id in this study.
Year: The data year from 1961-2005.
Nt: The population number in the t year.
Nt-1: The population in the t-1 year.
Mort: Mortality of sheep population in the t year.
Br: Brith rate of sheep population in the t year.
Area: The area of the given sumu.
Wi: Winter harshness index of t year.
Gr: Growth rate of sheep population in the t year.
Den: Sheep density in the t year.
Morts: Standardized mortality of sheep population in the t year.
Brs: Standardized birthrate of sheep population in the t year.
Grs: Standardized growth rate of sheep population in the t year.
Dens: Standardized population density of sheep in the t year
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Descendant of the Prince of the Beile Banner
No full textOirats in Bayangol were originally comprised of 64 sumus, including 50 Torghut sums, 10 Hoshut sumu, and 4 Duuner sums. The Beile Banner had four sums, and Gendendonrob is a descendent of the Prince of the Beile Banner. In this video, Gendendonrob reminisces that his family suffered tremendously after 1949. His father was labelled a class enemy and was forced to herd sheep for a Kazak family. He was later found dead in a cave from beatings
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