39,162 research outputs found
NOx Emission Prediction Based on Measurement of in-Cylinder Pressure for CI Engine Running with Diesel and Biodiesel
No full textNOx is one of the major toxic emissions that needs to be regulated stringently in both EU and USA emission regulations. The engine designer is keen to get an accurate, reliable and cost effective NOx measurement system. In this paper, the application of the cylinder pressure for predicting the NOx emission of compression ignition (CI) engine fuelled with diesel and biodiesel during steady state operations is carried out. To address the problem, an experimental work was conducted on four-cylinder, turbo-charged, four-stroke and direct-injection CI engine which was fuelled with diesel and biodiesel blends. During the experiment, the main parameters consisting of in-cylinder pressure, fuel flow rate, air flow rate, and the NOx emission, were measured. The temperature within the cylinder was predicted using the cylinder pressure and air flow rate. Using the temperature values, the NOx emission was simulated in the Zeldovich extended mechanism. The simulation result was then compared with the measured one for a range of engine operating conditions. The models were shown to produce consistent results with the measured one for a range of engine working speeds and loads
Of Crossroads and Undercurrents: Ingemar Lindh's Practice of Collective Improvisation and Jerzy Grotowski
No full textIn this article Frank Camilleri discusses the historical and professional links between Ingemar Lindh and Jerzy Grotowski, with a specific focus on the nature and implications of their separate work on physical action. Lindh's practice, particularly his research on the ‘disinterested act’, is read in the context of Grotowski's ‘doing’ in Art as Vehicle. The individual work of the two practitioners on vocal and vibration techniques is seen as integral to their research on physical action. Frank Camilleri is Senior Lecturer in Drama and Theatre Studies at the University of Kent and Artistic Director of Icarus Performance Project (Malta). He served as Academic Coordinator of Theatre Studies at the University of Malta from 2004 to 2008, and in 2007 co-founded Icarus Publishing Enterprise with Odin Teatret and the Grotowski Institute
Terrorism and the law: historical contexts, contemporary dilemmas and the end(s) of democracy
No full textRecent proposals by the G7 (and Russia) to clamp down on "terrorists" and "terrorism" do not define that which is prohibited. Instead, a threat is communicated which in turn allows, among other things, greater attention to be paid officially to "camouflage" charities and "terrorist" use of the Internet . Nevertheless, it is somewhat of a truism to note that terrorist violence is ultimately defined or characterized, for purposes of legal prohibition, within a highly politicized atmosphere. Starting with a short summary of "anti-terrorist" codification efforts made this century, this article examines some of the "security interests" cited by governments today in their respective struggles against "terrorism." More specifically, it is argued that individual perceptions of personal and societal threat are heightened unnecessarily not only by a constant stream of governmental "anti -terrorist" rhetoric , but further, by an awareness of official and un official methods of "anti-terrorist" surveillance, and the use to which the information so obtained can be put
Desigualdades socioeconômicas na prevalência, consumo, início e cessação do tabagismo no Brasil: inquérito domiciliar nacional 2008
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Florianópolis, 2013.OBJETIVOS: Testar a associação da prevalência de tabagismo atual, consumo de cigarros, iniciação ao tabagismo, idade de início do uso e cessação do tabagismo no Brasil com as condições socioeconômicas da população. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um inquérito nacional realizado em 2008 com 39.425 homens e mulheres. A amostragem foi por conglomerados em quatro estágios. Estimaram-se a prevalência, as taxas de iniciação e a cessação do tabagismo, número de cigarros industrializados e idade de início ajustados por sexo segundo as variáveis exploratórias. Foram calculadas as razões de prevalência (IC 95%) segundo cor da pele, renda domiciliar per capita, escolaridade e local de residência por meio da Regressão de Poisson, ajustando-se as medidas por faixa etária. RESULTADOS: Os resultados sugerem desigualdades socioeconômicas na prevalência, iniciação, idade de início e cessação do tabagismo em homens e mulheres. A escolaridade foi o indicador de desigualdade socioeconômica com maior magnitude de efeito nas variáveis estudadas, exceto o desfecho cessação do tabagismo nas mulheres, o qual não houve associação estatisticamente significante com escolaridade. A média de consumo de cigarros diários é maior entre os homens e mulheres com indicadores socioeconômicos mais altos. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que existem desigualdades socioeconômicas no tabagismo e sugerem-se políticas de controle tanto na iniciação e cessação focadas em grupos desfavorecidos economicamente OBJECTIVES: To test the association of the prevalence of current smoking, cigarrete consumption smoking initiation, age of onset and cessation of smoking in Brazil with the socioeconomic conditions of the population. METHODS: This is a national survey conducted in 2008 with 39,425 men and women. The sampling was used in four stages. We estimated the prevalence rates of initiation and cessation of smoking, number of cigarettes manufactured and age of onset sex-adjusted according to the explanatory variables. We calculated prevalence ratios according to skin color, per capita household income, education and place of residence by Poisson regression, adjusting for age measures. RESULTS: The results suggest socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence, initiation, age of onset and cessation of smoking in men and women. Education level was the indicator of socioeconomic inequality with greater magnitude of effect in the studied variables, except the outcome of smoking cessation in women, there was no statistically significant association with education. The mean of cigarette consumption is higher among men and women with higher socioeconomic indicators. CONCLUSION: We concluded that there are socioeconomic inequalities in smoking and suggest policies to control both the initiation and cessation focused on economically disadvantaged groups
Gong he dang di yi ci bao gao; fu ben bu di 1 ci dang yuan ming ce.
No full textPhotocopy.Mode of access: Internet
Zhongguo xiao shuo da ci dian; Xian Qin zhi Nan Bei chao juan
No full textBen juan gong shou ci mu 1826 tiao, nei rong bao gua cheng wei, zhuan zhe, zhu lu shu huo chu chu, ban ben, zhong xin si xiang he ying xiang den
Commentary on 'How something can be said about telling more than we can know: On choice blindness and introspection'
No full textRecommended from our members
Predictors of Stunting, Wasting and Underweight among Tanzanian Children Born to HIV-Infected Women.
No full textChildren born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women are susceptible to undernutrition, but modifiable risk factors and the time course of the development of undernutrition have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to identify maternal, socioeconomic and child characteristics that are associated with stunting, wasting and underweight among Tanzanian children born to HIV-infected mothers, followed from 6 weeks of age for 24 months. Maternal and socioeconomic characteristics were recorded during pregnancy, data pertaining to the infant's birth were collected immediately after delivery, morbidity histories and anthropometric measurements were performed monthly. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards methods were used to assess the association between potential predictors and the time to first episode of stunting, wasting and underweight. A total of 2387 infants (54.0% male) were enrolled and followed for a median duration of 21.2 months. The respective prevalence of prematurity (<37 weeks) and low birth weight (<2500 g) was 15.2% and 7.0%; 11.3% of infants were HIV-positive at 6 weeks. Median time to first episode of stunting, wasting and underweight was 8.7, 7.2 and 7.0 months, respectively. Low maternal education, few household possessions, low infant birth weight, child HIV infection and male sex were all independent predictors of stunting, wasting and underweight. In addition, preterm infants were more likely to become wasted and underweight, whereas those with a low Apgar score at birth were more likely to become stunted. Interventions to improve maternal education and nutritional status, reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and increase birth weight may lower the risk of undernutrition among children born to HIV-infected women
- …
