259 research outputs found
Recovery and exercise interventions following breast cancer [Abstract]
No full textOver 13,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer each year in Australia and approximately 90% of these women will survive longer than 5-years. However, survival following treatment for breast cancer is often associated with adverse physical and psychosocial side effects, which persist beyond treatment cessation. As incidence and survival rates associated with breast cancer continue to rise, there is an imperative need to understand the extent of treatment-related concerns and ways in which these concerns can be minimized and/or overcome. A growing body of scientific evidence demonstrates that extensive quality of life benefits can be attained through exercise during and following breast cancer treatment. Such benefits observed include improvements in psychosocial and physical outcomes, as well as better compliance with treatment regimens and reduced impact of disease symptoms and treatment-related side effects. There is also evidence to suggest that post-diagnosis physical activity can improve survival. However, the majority of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer in Australia are not sufficiently active and the majority experience further declines in their physical activity levels during treatment. Throughout the course of this presentation, which draws on data from cohort studies and randomized trials of exercise interventions conducted in Queensland, the potential benefits of exercising during and following breast cancer treatment, the exercise prescription recommended for breast cancer survivors, the limits of our evidence-based knowledge and the issues faced by clinicians and patients with respect to exercise following a cancer diagnosis will be discussed. The question is no longer whether people with breast cancer should be active during and following their treatment, but is how do health care professionals best assist people to become and stay active in an endeavor to live healthy lives beyond their cancer experience
Exercise and cancer recovery workshop
No full textCancer represents a major public health concern in Australia, with 100,000 new cancer cases diagnosed each year. Physical activity level (specifically lack of physical activity) is considered a known risk factor, particularly for breast and colorectal cancers. Physical activity also plays a role following a cancer diagnosis; being regularly active during and following treatment for cancer has been associated with improvements in psychosocial and physical outcomes, as well as better compliance with treatment regimens, reduced impact of disease symptoms and treatment-related side effects, and survival benefits for particular cancers. This workshop will provide an overview of the work presented in the recently published AAESS position stand on exercise and cancer recovery. A summary of the cancer and exercise literature, in particular the purpose of exercise following diagnosis of cancer, the potential benefits derived by cancer patients and survivors from participating in exercise programs, and exercise prescription guidelines and contraindications or considerations for exercise prescription with this special population, will be given. A case summary will also be presented and discussed. \u
Proposal of Setting Up a Joint ESC / EAEE Working (Task) Group on Updating of the Concept of Seismic Intensity and of the Seismic Intensity Scales
No full textThe proposal presented subsequently was forwarded by the author, in August 2010, on the eve of the 14th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, to:- Prof. Atilla Ansal, Secretary General, EAEE;- Dr. Mariano García-Fernández, Secretary General, ESC.This proposal was to a high extent a follow up of the project “Quantification of seismic action on structures” (2005-2008), in which research groups of institutes of Romania (coordination), Russian Federation and Republic Moldova were involved. A summary outcome of the project referred to is represented by the volume [Sandi & al., 2010a]. A brief presentation of the volume referred to is given in its foreword, reproduced in Annex II. The correspondence related to the submission of the proposal is reproduced in Annex III. A paper on this subject, [Sandi & al., 2010b], presented at the 14th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, is also reproduced in this issue of the journal
Early detection : a strategy to reduce risk and severity?
No full textDespite changes in surgical techniques, radiotherapy targeting and the apparent earlier detection of cancers, secondary lymphoedema is still a significant problem for about 20–30% of those who receive treatment for cancer, although the incidence and prevalence does seem to be falling. The figures above generally relate to detection of an enlarged limb or other area, but it seems that about 60% of all patients also suffer other problems with how the limb feels, what can or cannot be done with it and a range of social or psychological issues. Often these ‘subjective’ changes occur before the objective ones, such as a change in arm volume or circumference.\ud
For most of those treated for cancer lymphoedema does not develop immediately, and, while about 60–70% develop it in the first few years, some do not develop lymphoedema for up to 15 or 20 years. Those who will develop clinically manifest lymphoedema in the future are, for some time, in a latent or hidden phase of lymphoedema.\ud
There also seems to be some risk factors which are indicators for a higher likelihood of lymphoedema post treatment, including oedema at the surgical site, arm dominance, age, skin conditions, and body mass index (BMI)
Evaluation report for the Healthier Oregon outreach and healthcare system navigation grant program
No full textauthored by the OSU Evaluation Team : Sandi Cleveland Phibbs, PhD, MPH, Haley Delgado, MPH, Daniela Aguilar, MPH, Araceli Mendez, MPH, Oralia Mendez, MPH, Katherine McLaughlin, PhD.This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
The relationship between physical activity and survival following cancer
No full textSince the mid-2000′s, there has been an exponential rise in studies evaluating the link between physical activity (PA) and survival outcomes following cancer. In part, as a consequence of the growth in this research, the momentum behind endorsing and promoting PA in the management of cancer has also grown. Concurrently though, concerns have been raised about whether there is sufficient evidence to support the benefits of PA participation for all people with cancer, or alternatively whether the evidence only supports benefit through PA for specific cancer types or subgroups within cancer types (that is, is dependent on sex, body mass index, menopausal status, or subtypes within a specific cancer). Hence, a rigorous review of the rapidly evolving evidence base was undertaken to evaluate the association between pre- and post-diagnosis PA and survival (primary outcomes: cancer-specific mortality, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality) for all-cancer and by specific cancer sites, by using data from all available observational epidemiologic studies and randomised controlled trials. Secondary objectives of the review included assessing these associations by sex, body mass index, menopausal status and colorectal cancer subtype, and to determine the dose-response relationship between PA and cancer survival. The methods and findings from this review will be outlined during this presentation. In summary, evidence supports improved survival outcomes in those with the highest versus lowest levels of pre- or post-diagnosis total/recreational PA for all-cancers combined (cancer-specific mortality: HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.79-0.86; and HR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.53-0.75, respectively), as well as for 11 specific cancer sites. Survival benefits through PA were observed in most subgroups examined. Further, inverse dose-response relationships between PA and breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality were observed, with steep reductions in hazards to 10–15 metabolic equivalent hours per week. The implications of these findings on PA recommendations will be also be discussed.No Full Tex
What determines the health-related quality of life among regional and rural breast cancer survivors?
No full textObjective: To assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of regional and rural breast cancer survivors at 12 months post-diagnosis and to identify correlates of HRQoL.\ud
Methods: 323 (202 regional and 121 rural) Queensland women diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer in 2006/2007 participated in a population-based, cross-sectional study. HRQoL was measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy, Breast plus arm morbidity (FACT-B+4) self-administered questionnaire.\ud
Results: In age-adjusted analyses, mean HRQoL scores of regional breast cancer survivors were comparable to their rural counterparts 12 months post-diagnosis (122.9, 95% CI: 119.8, 126.0 vs. 123.7, 95% CI: 119.7, 127.8; p>0.05). Irrespective of residence, younger (<50 years) women reported lower HRQoL than older (50+ years) women (113.5, 95% CI: 109.3, 117.8 vs. 128.2, 95%CI: 125.1, 131.2; p<0.05). Those women who received chemotherapy, reported two complications post-surgery, had poorer upper-body function than most, reported more stress, reduced coping, who were socially isolated, had no confidante for social-emotional support, had unmet healthcare needs, and low health self-efficacy reported lower HRQoL scores. Together, these factors explained 66% of the variance in overall HRQoL. The pattern of results remained similar for younger and older age groups.\ud
Conclusions and Implications: The results underscore the importance of supporting and promoting regional and rural breast cancer programs that are designed to improve physical functioning, reduce stress and provide psychosocial support following diagnosis. Further, the information can be used by general practitioners and other allied health professionals for identifying women at risk of poorer HRQoL.\u
Patterns, correlates, and prognostic significance of quality of life following breast cancer
No full textObjective\ud
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To describe quality of life (QOL) over a 12-month period among women with breast cancer, consider the association between QOL and overall survival (OS), and explore characteristics associated with QOL declines. \ud
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Methods\ud
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A population-based sample of Australian women (n=287) with invasive, unilateral breast cancer (Stage I+), was observed prospectively for a median of 6.6 years. QOL was assessed at six, 12 and 18 months post-diagnosis, using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy, Breast (FACT-B+4) questionnaire. Raw scores for the FACT-B+4 and subscales were computed and individuals were categorized according to whether QOL declined, remained stable or improved between six and 18 months. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards survival methods were used to estimate OS and its associations with QOL. Logistic regression models identified factors associated with QOL decline. \ud
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Results\ud
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Within FACT-B+4 sub-scales, between 10% and 23% of women showed declines in QOL. Following adjustment for established prognostic factors, emotional wellbeing and FACT-B+4 scores at six months post-diagnosis were associated with OS (p<0.05). Declines in physical (p<0.01) or functional (p=0.02) well-being between six and 18 months post-diagnosis were also associated significantly with OS. Receiving multiple forms of adjuvant treatment, a perception of not handling stress well and reporting one or more other major life events at six months post-diagnosis were factors associated with declines in QOL in multivariable analyses. \ud
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Conclusions\ud
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Interventions targeted at preventing QOL declines may ultimately improve quantity as well as quality of life following breast cancer
Upaya Peningkatan Keamanan Siber Indonesia oleh Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara (BSSN) tahun 2017-2020
No full textPenelitian ini menganalisis mengenai upaya peningkatan keamanan siber yang dilakukan oleh Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara (BSSN) sebagai institusi keamanan siber nasional Indonesia. Dalam menganalisis hal tersebut, penulis menggunakan Teori Sekuritisasi serta Konsep Keamanan Siber. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara (BSSN) dibentuk berdasarkan peraturan presiden dengan tugas untuk melaksanakan keamanan dalam bidang siber secara efektif dan efisien dengan memanfaatkan, mengembangkan, serta mengkonsolidasikan berbagai unsur yang berkaitan dengan keamanan siber. Dalam meningkatkan keamanan siber di Indonesia mengacu pada lima aspek pada Global Cybersecurity Index yaitu aspek hukum, aspek teknis, aspek organisasi, aspek pengembangan kapasitas, dan aspek kerja sama. Global Cybersecurity Index digunakan untuk mengukur komitmen suatu negara terkait kapabilitas keamanan siber di negaranya. Dengan adanya upaya-upaya yang dilakukan BSSN terkait peningkatan keamanan siber diharapkan dapat mengurangi resiko dan ancaman dalam ruang siber di Indonesia.
Kata kunci: Keamanan Siber, Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara, Indeks Keamanan Siber Global, Indonesia.
This research analyzes about the strategy carried out by the National Cyber and Crypto Agency (BSSN) as the national cybersecurity institute. In this research, the author utilizes the Theory of Securitization and The Concept of Cybersecurity. Based on the data obtained, BSSN was formed by the Presidential Regulation on BSSN which state that BSSN is tasked with implementing cybersecurity effectively and efficiently by utilizing, developing and consolidating all parties related to cybersecurity. BSSN used Global Cybersecurity Index framework to improve the national cybersecurity capability. The GCI measures the commitment of countries in cybersecurity according to the five pillar: legal measures, technical measures, organizational measure, capacity development, and cooperative measures. The strategy of BSSN is expected to be able to face the problems and challenges in the present and future era.
Key points : Cybersecurity, the National Cyber and Crypto Agency, Global Cybersecurity Index, Indonesi
Exercise and secondary lymphedema: Safety, potential benefits, and research issues
No full textHAYES, S. C., I I. RFUL-HIRCHE,and J. TURNER. Exercise and Secondary Lymphedema: Safety, Potential Benefits, and Research Issues. Med. Sci Sports Exetc., Vol. 41, No. 3, pp. 483-489, 2009. Purpose: Participating in regular physical activity is encouraged a after treatment for breast cancer, with exception of those who have subsequently developed lymphedema. The purpose of this project was to investigate, in a randomized controlled trial, the effect of participating in a supervised, mixed-type exercise program oil lymphedema status among women with lymphedenia after breast cancer. Methods: Women younger than 76 yr, who completed breast cancer treatment at least 6 months prior and had subsequently developed unilateral, upper-limb lymphedema, were randomly allocated to in intervention (n 16) or control (n - 16) group. The intervention group (10) participated in 20 supervised, group, aerobic and resistance exercise sessions over 12 wk, whereas the control group (76) was instructed to continue habitual activities. Lymphedema Status was assessed by bioimpedance spectroscopy (impedance ratio between limbs) and perometry (Volume difference between limbs), and independent t-tests (two-tailed P < 0.05) were used to determine statistical significance of observed changes. Results: Mean ratio and volume measures at baseline were similar for the IG (1.13 + 0.15 and 337 : 307 mL., respectively) and the CG (1.13 + 0.19 and 377 4 416 mL, respectively), and no changes were observed over time for either group. Although no group change was observed between preintervention and 3-month follow-up for the IG (ratio and volume change 0.02 +/- 0.07 and 2 +/- 71 mL, respectively), two women in this group no longer had evidence of lymphedema by study end. Average attendance was more than 70% of supervised sessions, there were no withdrawals, and several qualitative comments from participants support the program acceptability. Conclusions: The results from this pilot study indicate that, at minimum, exercise does not exacerbate secondary lymphedenia. Women with secondary lymphedema should be encouraged to be physically active, optimizing their physical and psychosocial recovery
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