1,720,969 research outputs found
Extreme poverty and global responsibility
No full textThis essay addresses the questions of whether and how much responsibility for extreme poverty should be assigned to global and domestic institutional orders. The main focus is on whether the global order brings about the existing levels of extreme poverty or merely allows them. By examining Thomas Pogge's recent contribution on this topic, I argue that although he builds a plausible case for the claim that the global order brings about, and not merely fails to prevent, extreme poverty, the moral and empirical complexity of the situation leaves room for doubting his conclusions. I conclude, however, that it is enough that there be a reasonable chance - though not conclusive evidence - that the global order brings about the existing extreme poverty to reduce considerably the moral weight of its privileged participants' appeal to cost when justifying their not taking steps to alleviate extreme poverty. © Metaphilosophy LLC and Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2005.BARRY C, 2005, APPL CONTRIBUTION PR; Beitz C., 1999, POLITICAL THEORY INT; Miller David, 2001, J POLIT PHILOS, V9, P454; Pogge T. W., 2002, WORLD POVERTY HUMAN; World Bank, 2000, WORLD DEV REP 200066
The consequences of rejecting the moral relevance of the doing-allowing distinction
No full textThe claim that one is never morally permitted to engage in non-optimal harm doing enjoys a great intuitive appeal. If in addition to this claim, we reject the moral relevance of the doing-allowing distinction, then we should also accept the claim that one is never morally permitted to engage in non-optimal harm allowing. Those who want to reject the conclusion of the above argument usually do so by defending the moral relevance of the doing-allowing distinction. In this short essay, I propose a different take on the argument in question. Instead of opting to reject its conclusion by defending the moral relevance of the doing-allowing distinction, I argue that the argument fails due to internal inconsistency. I argue that, once we reject the moral relevance of the doing-allowing distinction, we can no longer rely on the strong intuitive appeal of the claim that one is never morally permitted to engage in non-optimal harm doing. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010.BENNETT J, 1995, ACT ITSELF, P143; KAGAN S, 1984, PHILOS PUBLIC AFF, V13, P252; SCHALLER S, 1994, REJECTION CONSEQUENT, P182; SINGER P, 1993, PRACTICAL ETHICS, P2220
Shaykh Jawhar b. Haydar b. ʽAlī: A mystic and scholar of Shonkē, southeast Wallo, Ethiopia
No full textAhmed Hussein. Shaykh Jawhar b. Haydar b. ʽAlī: A mystic and scholar of Shonkē, southeast Wallo, Ethiopia. In: Annales d'Ethiopie. Volume 20, année 2004. pp. 47-56
The normative implications of benefiting from injustice
Get PDFIn this article we investigate whether non-culpably benefiting from wrongdoing or injustice generates a moral requirement to disgorge these benefits in order to compensate the victims. We argue that a strong requirement to disgorge such benefits is generated only if other conditions or factors are present. We identify three such factors and claim that their presence would explain why the normative features of certain types of cases of benefiting from wrongdoing differ from cases of benefiting from simple misfortune or bad luck. © Society for Applied Philosophy, 2014.Anwander Norbert, 2005, ETHICS INT AFF, V19, P39, DOI 10.1111-j.1747-7093.2005.tb00488.x; Butt D., 2009, RECTIFYING INTERNATI; Butt D, 2007, CAN J PHILOS, V37, P129, DOI 10.1353-cjp.2007.0010; Haydar B, 2009, J POLIT PHILOS, V17, P129, DOI 10.1111-j.1467-9760.2007.00303.x; Huseby Robert, 2012, PAPER PRESENTED AT T; Knight Carl, 2013, SOCIAL THEORY AND PR, V39, P581; Miller D, 2001, J POLIT PHILOS, V9, P453, DOI 10.1111-1467-9760.00136; Overland G, 2014, ETHICS, V124, P481, DOI 10.1086-674841; Overland Gerhard, WORK IN PROGRESS; Pogge Thomas, 2002, WORLD POVERTY HUMAN, p[23, 49]; Steinberg RH, 2002, INT ORGAN, V56, P339, DOI 10.1162-0020818023200055040
The case against faction
No full textFaction is a hybrid genre, aiming at the factual accuracy of journalism on the one hand and the literary form of the novel on the other. There is a fundamental tension however between those two aims, given the constraints which factual accuracy places on characterization, plot, and thematic exploration characteristic of the novel. Further, faction cannot be defended on the grounds that factual accuracy is a literary value in faction. Finally, some aspects of faction, such as its inability to refer to sources or provide an analytic framework for a narrative, hinder rather than facilitate the communication of facts. © 2010 Project MUSE®.Capote Truman, 1966, COLD BLOOD TRUE ACCO; CLARKE G, 2006, CAPOTE, P359; LAMARQUE P, FICTION NONFIC UNPUB11
The good, the bad and the funny
No full text[No abstract available]BERGSON H, 1956, RIRE; Buckley Frank H., 2003, MORALITY LAUGHTER; GAUT, ETHICS AESTHETICS HU, P58; Gaut B, 1998, PHILOS LITERATURE, V22, P51; GAUT B, 2000, ROUTLEDGE COMPANION, P341; ISENBERG A, 1955, J AESTHETICS ART CRI, V13, P395, DOI 10.2307-426439; Jacobsen D., 1997, PHILOS TOPICS, V25, P155; Morreal J., 1987, PHILOS LAUGHTER HUMO; ROUSSEAU JJ, 1960, POLITICS ARTS, P36; WALTON K, 1993, MIMESIS MAKE BELIEVE, P243; 2001, TIMES 1017; 2001, TIMES 1019; 2001, TIMES 101831
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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