1,720,989 research outputs found
Hybridization of food governance. An analytical framework
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169523pub.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access)Today’s food governance is no longer an attribute of national governments alone. It is increasingly hybrid, that is, the result of coordinated public and private regulatory activities that frequently transcend national state boundaries. The key to understanding that contemporary food governance lies in the interplay between different public and private actors, including their relative interests and capacities, and their activities at different levels of governance. This chapter discusses the concept of hybridization and different modes of hybridization in food governance. Drawing on the work of Abbott and Snidal, Eberlein et al and Spencer and Henson we introduce an analytical framework to study this hybridization. A comprehensive and systematic analysis of the hybridization of food governance should address the different phases and functions of (regulatory) governance: (i.e. agenda-setting and rule-making, adoption and implementation, monitoring; enforcement, evaluation and review) and other dimensions considered relevant in the literature on regulatory governance (i.e. actors involved, motivations and drivers, mechanisms and instruments, character of interaction, results and effects, change over time). The chapter concludes with a discussion of the chapters in this volume
Hybridity in action: Accountability dilemmas of public and for-profit food safety inspectors in Switzerland
No full textThis chapter gives an empirical account of output performance in the
hybrid implementation arrangement that characterizes the Swiss food
safety sector. It makes three original contributions. First, as Havinga and
Verbruggen point out, ‘governance is more than rule making’. We analyse
how the interconnected processes of hybridized implementation, monitoring
compliance and enforcement affect the achievement of policy goals
at the frontline. Second, conceptually, we highlight the importance of
multiple roles and accountabilities of both public and for-profit frontline
enforcement agents (street-level bureaucrats) for understanding the effects
of hybridization. Third, we scrutinize the regulation of veterinary drugs
use for livestock in primary production – an under-researched but crucial
aspect in addressing the risks to food safety presented by animal diseases
and antibiotic resistance
Changing Regulatory Arrangements in Food Governance
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140238pub.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access
Domestic Policy Responses to Transnational Private Governance::The Marine Stewardship Council in Alaska, Australia and Ecuador
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Buying biosecurity: UK compensation for animal diseases
No full textWhere there is a failure in market provision, one might well anticipate state intervention (Ogus 2004). In relation to biosecurity, it is not uncommon to find compensation provided by the state where diseased animals are slaughtered. For centuries this approach has formed the basis of veterinary epidemiology and state intervention in animal disease: in 1713 Thomas Bates, the surgeon to King George I, managed to eradicate cattle plague in England by slaughtering animals suspected of carrying the disease and compensating their owners. That such a system continues to support animal disease policy long after its first use is surprising. One might expect that such losses would be borne by the producer and the risks internalized by insurance or pricing mechanisms lest the ready payment of public compensation creates a moral hazard. In the UK, section 32 of the Animal Health Act 1981 embeds this approach allowing the Minister to arrange the slaughter of any animal which is affected, suspected of being affected or which has been exposed to the infection, in line with a number of European Commission directives
Een man of een vrouw? Voorkeur van werkgevers en gelijkebehandelingswetgeving
No full textEen man of een vrouw? Voorkeur van werkgevers en gelijkebehandelingswetgeving.
Sinds de Wet gelijke behandeling van mannen
en vrouwen van 1980 is het maken van onderscheid
tussen mannen en vrouwen bij de
arbeid verboden. Deze wetgeving kwam, evenals
de Wet gelijk loon voor mannen en vrouwen
(1975), tot stand onder druk van Europese
richtlijnen (Van der Vleuten, 2002). De achtergrond
van die Europese regelgeving was tweeerlei:
er participeerden weinig vrouwen op de
arbeidsmarkt in de EG-lidstaten en vrouwen
waren vooral werkzaam in een beperkt aantal
sectoren van de arbeidsmark
Actors in private food regulation: taking responsibility or passing the buck to someone else?
Get PDF"In recent years, retailers and their organizations are playing an active role in food
safety regulation. They initiated several private food safety standards and compelled suppliers
of food products to comply with these standards. Which actors are involved in decisionmaking
in this type of private food regulation? This question is important for problems of
effectiveness, legitimacy and accountability. Several categories of private actors are
distinguished based on their position in the regulatory arrangement. Private regulatory
arrangements do develop in course of time; in different stages of their development other
actors may be involved. Finally, we distinguish between direct (in person) and indirect
(representation) participation in decision making. Some cases of retail-driven private food safety arrangements are examined." (author's abstract
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