1,720,960 research outputs found
Implementing the current knowledge of uptake and effects of nanoparticles in an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework
Get PDFUnlike most other environmental pollution issues, safety assessments of nanoparticles (NPs) were meant to be the prime example on how to foresee and tackle predicted environmental concerns. For once, research efforts were ahead of mass production and potential release into environments. NPs' safety research focuses on the central question of whether the unique properties of NPs cause fundamentally different effects as compared to their larger counterparts. This chapter gives an overview of the present understanding of NP toxicity in aquatic organism. Briefly, state-of-the-art techniques to detect NPs in tissues are summarized and the present understanding of cellular and organismal NP uptake routes given. The location of NPs in tissues bears several challenges but is the first step in identifying target organs or cells and, thus, is important in the search for mechanisms of action. The evaluation of our current knowledge of cellular and organismal responses when exposed to NPs, ultimately, allows for the identification of key knowledge gaps and foresees research directions and the need to develop Adverse Outcome Pathways for NPs.Conservation Biolog
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Disruption of zinc and copper interactions with Ab(1–40) by a non-toxic, isoniazid-derived, hydrazone: a novel biometal homeostasis restoring agent in Alzheimer’s disease therapy?
Get PDFDisruptions of biometal-Aβ(1-40) interactions by an isoniazid-derived hydrazone, INHHQ, were demonstrated via in vitro NMR titrations. The compound has adequate theoretical BBB absorption properties, assessed by in silico studies. In vivo acute toxicity assays indicate that INHHQ is innocuous up to 300 mg kg-1, showing potential as an anti-Alzheimer's drug.Fil: Hauser Davis, R.A.. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: De Freitas, L. V.. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Cukierman, D. S.. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Cruz, W. S.. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Miotto, Marco César. Max Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Claudio Oscar. Max Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Valiente Gabioud, Ariel Alejandro. Laboratorio Max Planck de Biología Estructural, Química y Biofísica Molecular de Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, C. O.. Laboratorio Max Planck de Biología Estructural, Química y Biofísica Molecular de Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Rey, N. A.. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; Brasi
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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