1,720,969 research outputs found
Experiences of Forced Migration: An understanding of coping, adaptation and resilience strategies of the Hazara community in Oxford
No full textCoping, adaptation and resilience strategies of Hazara communities in Britain are one of the
research areas that have not been much explored. The purpose of this study is to build
knowledge in this domain, particularly focusing on the city of Oxford, by examining the
literature on the various mechanisms developed in order to cope, adapt and be resilient to life
in a new environment. Using a qualitative paradigm, the primary data was collected mainly
through ethnographic methods of participant observation and life history interview. Four main
areas of discussion for the study deriving from the theoretical background were social capital
(bonding/bridging/linking), transnationalism, religion and refugee community organisations
and the research investigated their influence on coping, adaptation and resilience strategies of
the Hazara community in Oxford. The findings of the study revealed several mechanisms
similar to the ones discussed in the literature and in most cases traditional rituals and rites of
passage which provide a sense of belonging during the liminal phase and exile. The two major
elements found extremely important were: (a) the significance of social capital, particularly
bonding capital being the most prominent one but also linking social capital through their own
refugee community organisation and transnational links with other Hazara communities; (b)
the impact of Britain’s asylum and immigration policies on the coping, adaptation and
resilience strategies of the Hazara community. However, the result on religion draws a
contrasting conclusion. Research revealed that the said community did not find religion as an
adaptation strategy, rather they were found to be less religious than in their country of origin.
In addition, the concept of social capital sheds lights on how communities access and use
resources, such as community networks across borders as more than merely tools of survival
but also agents of change and social transformation. These tools help in the formation of
innovative refugee community organisations and cultural identities, while still managing to
adapt in the new environment. This kind of theoretical basis enables us to view refugees as
active agents of change who are capable to survive by developing strategies such as coping,
adaptation and resilience
Stigmatisation processes and populations’ responses in turbulent environments: A multi-site case study of the Hazaras in Quetta, Pakistan and the Afro-descendants in Cartagena, Colombia
Full text linkThis thesis explores the lived experiences of stigmatisation processes amongst the Hazaras in Quetta (Pakistan) and the Afro-descendants in Cartagena (Colombia) and how do these diverse dynamics shape the experiences of stigmatisation in each community. The study also analyses the responses to stigmatisation through absorptive, adaptive and transformative resilience strategies at the individual and community levels. In addition, it also explores how these strategies differ or overlap due to the differing historical, cultural, and socio-political contexts of each community. Utilising constructivist grounded theory through qualitative-driven research, the study explores the different processes of stigmatisation and response strategies.
This research is based on fieldwork conducted during two extended field trips to Pakistan (Jan-Apr 2019) and Colombia (June-Sep 2019), including a pilot study in Colombia in Jan 2018. In total, 95 semi-structured interviews were conducted with the Hazaras and the Afro-descendant individuals, including 20 with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and community-based organisations (CBOs). Unstructured observation of four areas were conducted that included Marriabad and Hazara Town in Quetta as well as Nelson Mandela and San Fernando in Cartagena. The research methods also included four in-depth interviews and 16 focus group discussions with the communities, utilising photo elicitation technique and stigmatisation tree exercises.
The findings of the research revealed different kinds of ‘segregations’ that act as physical and sonic markers of area stigma. Thereby, accentuating inequalities and highlighting the symbolic limits of the areas the communities reside in. The thesis further proposes that the two groups living in the four areas have external markers associated to ‘visibility’ due to their physical features and cultural manifestations. The research emphasises on individual and collective resilience strategies such as ‘self-empowerment’, ‘processes of resignification’, ‘raising awareness’, ‘sonic appropriation’, ‘appropriation of space’, ‘blaming’, ‘pride’, ‘acceptance’, ‘confrontation’, ‘avoidance’ and ‘tactics’. As a result, the thesis adds to our knowledge of absorptive, adaptive and transformative resilience strategies that communities use to respond to stigma. The thesis contributes to the understanding of stigmatisation by concentrating on the contextual factors of forced migration, violence, and armed conflict
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
