40 research outputs found
Two Sides of the Same Rupee? Comparing Demand for Microcredit and Microsaving in a Framed Field Experiment in Rural Pakistan
No full textWe use a field experiment to test whether saving and borrowing satisfy demand for lump-sum accumulation from regular deposits. Inspired by ROSCAs, we offer different credit and saving contracts to subjects. We find that individuals often accept both credit and saving contract across experimental waves. This behaviour can be rationalised by assuming that individuals seek lump-sum payments and struggle to hold savings. Structural estimation of this model accounts for the behaviour of 75% of participants. Of these, two-thirds have high demand for lump-sum accumulation but savings difficulties. These results imply that the distinction between microlending and microsaving is largely illusory
Appraising Environmental Beauty of Northern Areas of Pakistan through Rhetoric Expressions in Uzma Aslam Khan’s Thinner Than Skin: An Ecolinguistic Perspective
No full textEnvironmental study is rising as a hot topic nowadays and there is a striking awareness of sustaining asymmetry between man and nature. How individuals ponder human relationships with the earth and other living creatures have changed deliberately. Ecolinguistics is a sub-field of sociolinguistics that studies the role of language in connecting human beings and their natural environment. Therefore, this research investigates the use of rhetorical expressions by Anglophone author Uzma Aslam Khan and her characters Nadir, Farhana, and Maryam and their attitudes, graduation, and engagement with the natural environment. For this purpose, the "Appraisal Model" (Martin and White, 2000) has been used as a theoretical framework that sheds light on Arran Stibbe's (2015) ecolinguistic model of Evaluation. It highlights several rhetorical devices through which the narrators expressed their positive attitude towards "the stories they lived by." They rhetorically bespeak the readers to appreciate the environmental beauty of the Northern areas of Pakistan as it is surrounded by beauty and provides a therapeutic potency to build a strong relationship between man and his motherland. The study is limited as it only attempts to praise the beauty of Northern areas by appraisal patterns and does not include the other counterparts of Pakistan. However, the study is significant as it endeavors to appreciate the environmental beauty of Pakistan and provides new avenues for scholars to bridge a gap between ecolinguistics and other areas of linguistics, such as critical discourse analysis, pragmatics, and semantics
Syed Nawab Haider Naqvi. The Evolution of Development Policy: A Reinterpretation. Oxford University Press, 2010. 442 pages. Hardbound. Pak. Rs 995.00.
No full text‘The Evolution of Development Policy: A Reinterpretation’ by
S. N. Haider Naqvi is an excellent and timely discourse on development
paradigms. The author lucidly traces evolution of different development
paradigms and in the process not only thoroughly explains, what each
paradigm stands but also critically evaluates each paradigm. The book is
organised into seven parts. Part I, comprising ‘preliminaries’ gives an
overview of the evolution of thinking on development policy. The
analytical framework highlights the faults in the structure of
development policy. To set the framework for analysing development
policy, the book argues that an evolutionary perspective on development
policy should be examined under three paradigms: traditional development
paradigm; the liberalist paradigm and the human development paradigm.
The author takes pains to describe various important aspects of this
framework. The author also argues that some aspects of the traditional
development paradigm have been misunderstood and in the process
elucidate the subject
A versatile dataset for intrinsic plagiarism detection, text reuse analysis, and author clustering in Urdu
No full textPlagiarism detection (PD) is a process of identifying instances where someone has presented another person's work or ideas as their own. Plagiarism detection is categorized into two types (i) Intrinsic plagiarism detection primarily concerns the assessment of authorship consistency within a single document, aiming to identify instances where portions of the text may have been copied or paraphrased from elsewhere within the same document. Author clustering, closely related to intrinsic plagiarism detection, involves grouping documents based on their stylistic and linguistic characteristics to identify common authors or sources within a given dataset. On the other hand, (ii) extrinsic plagiarism detection delves into the comparative analysis of a suspicious document against a set of external source documents, seeking instances of shared phrases, sentences, or paragraphs between them, which is often referred to as text reuse or verbatim copying. Detection of plagiarism from documents is a long-established task in the area of NLP with remarkable contributions in multiple applications. A lot of research has already been conducted in the English and other foreign languages but Urdu language needs a lot of attention especially in intrinsic plagiarism detection domain. The major reason is that Urdu is a low resource language and unfortunately there is no high-quality benchmark corpus available for intrinsic plagiarism detection in Urdu language. This study presents a high-quality benchmark Corpus comprising 10,872 documents. The corpus is structured into two granularity levels: sentence level and paragraph level. This dataset serves multifaceted purposes, facilitating intrinsic plagiarism detection, verbatim text reuse identification, and author clustering in the Urdu language. Also, it holds significance for natural language processing researchers and practitioners as it facilitates the development of specialized plagiarism detection models tailored to the Urdu language. These models can play a vital role in education and publishing by improving the accuracy of plagiarism detection, effectively addressing a gap and enhancing the overall ability to identify copied content in Urdu writing
A proposed modified model of the brief behavioral activation treatment for depression
No full textMaster i læring i komplekse systemerThis study aims at looking at both the historical and modern aspects of two of the main behavioural activation treatments for depression; i) Behavioral Activation and ii) the original and revised manuals of the Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression with a focus on the latter. A brief history of the origins of Behavioral Activation will be presented as developed by Ferster in 1973 and Lewinsohn in 1974, influenced by the work of Skinner (1953), after which focus will be directed to the original and revised versions of the Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression. In the end, a Proposed Modified Model, developed by the author of the current study will be presented. As part of this study, a second article of an empirical nature was written based on the modifications suggested in the current paper, which investigated the effectiveness of the Proposed Modified Model on participants with depression, living in south Oslo, Norway, using a multiple probe design. The findings in article 2, suggest that the Proposed Modified Model was effective in decreasing depressive symptoms in eight of the nine participants, concluding that an even simpler and shorter model than the Brief Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression in the form of the Proposed Modified Model may lead to effective results in lowering depressionpublishedVersio
THE EAST AND WEST TRUST DEFICIT IN MOHSIN HAMID’S THE RELUCTANT FUNDAMENTALIST
No full textAfter fourteen years of the September 11 attacks, the international political landscape is still occupied with suspicion, confrontation and distrust. This study intends to explore the trust deficit between east and west as depicted by Mohsin Hamid in his novel The Reluctant Fundamentalist by Mohsin Hamid, and examine how far and how successfully he has portrayed the impact of 9/11 events on the Americans and the Muslims. By comparing the silent American (West) with Changez (East), Hamid has brilliantly discussed the relations between East and West. By revealing the conflicting viewpoints of the Americans and that of the Muslims, Hamid describes how East and West are similar or different in terms of the ideological meanings and sociopolitical situation. In order to make the comparison, I intend to apply the theoretical apparatus of Jean Baudrillard and investigate the extent to which Mohsin Hamid has portrayed the conflict between East and West in his novel, The Reluctant Fundamentalist. Since the research method is qualitative, the most appropriate method is the Critical Discourse Analysis model by Fairclough. In addition to East and West rift, the author also throws light on the political milieu after September 11attacks, including Pakistan-India issue and Afghanistan war as illustrated in the novel. This study, conducted as literary research, concludes that how successfully Hamid attempts to bridge the gap between east and west when he portrays them walking together in the same direction without any violation. However in the current political milieu the clash is between East and East when ISIS and the Taliban from East are attacking the eastern countries on a larger scale
Rethinking Identities in Contemporary Pakistani Fiction : Beyond 9/11
No full textDefinitions of home and identity have changed for Muslims as a result of international “war on terror” rhetoric. This book uniquely links the post-9/11 stereotyping of Muslims and Islam in the West to the roots of current jihadism, the resurgence of different forms of Islam and ethnocentrism within the subcontinent and beyond, and to US realpolitik in order to foreground the effects of terrorism debates on Pakistanis at home and in the diaspora. Through close readings of fiction by Nadeem Aslam, Kamila Shamsie, Uzma Aslam Khan, Mohsin Hamid, Mohammed Hanif, H.M. Naqvi, Ali Sethi, Maha Khan Phillips and Feryal Gauhar, who confront negative attitudes towards Muslims and Islam in the twenty-first century, this book not only challenges the centrality of Western narratives but also foregrounds Anglo-American foreign policy in the Muslim world as a form of terrorism. The author proposes an articulation of a flexible identity among Muslims that is termed a “global ummah” after 9/11
Antioxidant Activity of Fresh Water Algae (Lyngbya kützingii and Microspora tumidula) From a Village in Kasur
No full textAbstract: Free radicals interfere with the equilibrium of cells and tissues, which can lead to cancer. Fresh water algae such as Microspora tumidula and Lyngbya kützingii is a great source of secondary antioxidant metabolites. These metabolites most likely work well in the therapy of cancer. Algae exhibit huge variety of pigments not only chlorophyll, Carotenoids, phycobilins, and xanthophylls are the most prevalent of these. In the beginning, the medicinal effect of microalgae biomass was studied when it was used as pills, powder, and water additives. More and more studies in recent years have focused on finding and using useful medicinal components in algae. Aim of this study to evaluate the antioxidant role of algae in pharmaceutical industries. In the current investigation, the algal extracts were prepared by using three solvents methanol, chloroform and n-hexane to know about antioxidant potential of algae of specific area. To evaluate the antioxidant activity different test were performed such as DPPH, TAA, TPC, FRAP and MC. In Microspora tumidula 15.16% DPPH highest value was shown by methanolic extract. In FRAP Lyngbya kützingii showed maximum value in methanolic extract 64 µM Trolox mg-1. While the highest value of TPC by Lyngbya kützingii was shown in chloroform extracts 37.5µg GAE /mg. The results of total antioxidant activity (TAA) were showed that Lyngbya kützingii and Microspora tumidula both exhibited the highest value 154mg /g and 152mg/g respectively in methanolic extract. The result of metal chelating test showed highest value in chloroform extract 10.44% by Lyngbya kützingii. So both these algal species showed antioxidant potential.
Keywords: Antioxidant potential, pharmaceutical industries, Evaluation, secondary metabolites, Cancer, Solvents extract.
Title: Antioxidant Activity of Fresh Water Algae (Lyngbya kützingii and Microspora tumidula) From a Village in Kasur
Author: Aneeza Attique, Uzma Hanif, Ghazala B., Muzammal Abbas, Muhammad Fahad Shakeel, Ifra Aslam, Misha Arshad, Shumaila Rasheed
International Journal of Life Sciences Research
ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)
Vol. 10, Issue 4, October 2022 - December 2022
Page No: 73-81
Research Publish Journals
Website: www.researchpublish.com
Published Date: 21-December-2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7466955
Paper Download Link (Source)
https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/antioxidant-activity-of-fresh-water-algae-lyngbya-ktzingii-and-microspora-tumidula-from-a-village-in-kasurInternational Journal of Life Sciences Research, ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online), Research Publish Journals, Website: www.researchpublish.co
Effect of cooling on the performance of photovoltaic panel under enhanced illumination: A short review * Corresponding author;Prof
No full textAbstract An attempt has been made to presents a short review of various cooling methods and their effects on the performances of the photovoltaic systems when these are exposed to enhanced illumination. It is generally observed that when the solar cells work under enhanced illumination (generally May and June month) it experiences both short term and long term degradation,(efficiency loss and irreversible damage respectively) because of far more increase in the operating temperature. This incremented temperature can be reduced by applying any one of the appropriate cooling method. Cells under high level of insolation need more efficient cooling system for the better performance. Cooling affects both electrical and thermal performances of the photovoltaic system. In this paper authors review different designs of hybrid PVT system and finds that further research is required for better design and the improvement in the efficiency of the system along with the reduction in the cost. Keywords: Enhanced illumination; photovoltaic; Active and Passive cooling system; Thermal and Electrical efficiencies. 1.Introduction Photovoltaic Cell converts incoming solar radiation into electricity, but full spectrum of solar radiation is not converted into electricity due to the band gap of solar cell materials (i.e. silicon poly-crystalline, amorphous).So the unwanted solar radiation(like UV and IR) enhanced the solar cell operating temperature, due to which the performance of solar cells affected considerably and electrical efficiency of the pv system falls down. To increase the efficiency of the pv system, it is necessary that the pv system should work at lower temperature, but it is not possible when it is exposed to concentrated sunlight so for the reduction of temperature, cooling of the pv system is required which can be done by coupling it with the heat extraction unit that is called as hybrid photovoltaic thermal system or PV/T system. The main purpose of the heat extraction unit is to extract heat from the photovoltaic system and lower its operating temperature. In PV/T system applications, the production of electricity is our priority, and it is found that a PV system in Southern India will have a maximum system voltage that is lower than the same system in northern India (with the same materials) because of the higher temperatures in southern India and PV panels are more efficient at lower temperatures. Extensive research has been carried out by various researchers in designing and optimizing hybrid photovoltaic system for its commercialization. H. Zondag, M. Jong and W. Helden[1] analyzed several concept of PVTs like sheet-and-tube constructions vs channel construction also added a secondary absorber beneath the PV. A. Hegazy[2] used air cooled PVT systems for evaluating and comparing the performances. He designed four models for extracting the heat in which air flow over the absorber (I), under the absorber (II), on both sides of the absorbers in a single pass (III) and double pass (IV) were included. It was observed that the efficiencies of models II-IV were very similar and better than model I. Arvind Tiwari, M.S. Sodha, Avinash[3] Chandra and J.C. Joshi.studied the performance of panel with an air duct. They found that the experimental results are similar to the predicted results. The results show that a flow rate of about 2m/s, a lenght of ~3 m and a duct depth of 0.03-0.06m produced the optimal efficiency. Kalogirou [4] has studied experimentally an unglazed hybrid PVT system under the force mode of operation for climatic condition of Cyprus. He observed an increase in the mea
