162 research outputs found
Evaluation of the SUM-GAN-AAE method for Video Summarization
No full textVideo summarization is a task which many researchers have tried to automate with deep learning methods. One of these methods is the SUM-GAN-AAE algorithm developed by Apostolidis et al. which is an unsupervised machine learning method evaluated in this study. The research aims at testing the algorithm's performance on the Breakfast dataset, which is an action localization dataset, and evaluate it with rank correlation coefficients. Parameter optimization was performed to tune the learning rate of the system according to the Breakfast dataset. Then, by using k-fold cross-validation, three metrics were used to evaluate the trained model - F-Score, Kendall's τ and Spearman's ρ. Analysis of the results indicates a high F-Score as reported by the SUM-GAN-AAE paper but low rank correlation coefficients. Moreover, plotting importance scores per frame demonstrates the algorithm's inability to select key frames. The findings suggest that F-Score is not a fitting metric to use in the context of video summarization and the SUM-GAN-AAE algorithm performs poorly not only on action localization datasets but also on video summarization ones such as SumMe.CSE3000 Research ProjectComputer Science and Engineerin
Posterior sagittal rectopexy in the treatment of recurrent rectal prolapse in children Amel Abd
No full textBackground/purpose Several surgical techniques have been described to treat recurrent rectal prolapse in children after failure of initial surgical treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of posterior sagittal rectopexy (PSR) in children with recurrent rectal prolapse.Patients and methods Twenty-two patients aged between 1 and 7 years presented with recurrent rectal prolapse after failure of initial surgical treatment. Conservative management was successful in four cases. Eighteen were treated with PSR. The procedure included plication of the dilated rectum and fixation of the rectum to the sacrum. The follow-up ranged between 4 and 18 months.Results Superficial wound infection occurred in two cases, and both healed without any further consequences. Constipation improved in seven out of 12 patients, who had history of constipation before surgery. Partial mucosal prolapse recurrence occurred in three patients. Two improved conservatively after 5 months and 7 months, respectively, and one required mucosal trimming. Normal anorectal continence was noted in all patients older than 3 years at follow-up.Conclusion PSR is a good option in cases of recurrent rectal prolapse in children. The technique is both safe and effective. It is associated with satisfactory functional results.Keywords: children, complications, posterior sagittal rectopexy, rectal prolapse, recurren
PRICE REPORTING in A THIN MARKET
No full textCitation: Ajewole, K., Schroeder, T. C., & Parcell, J. (2016). PRICE REPORTING in A THIN MARKET. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 48(4), 345-365. doi:10.1017/aae.2016.19Thin markets create challenges for reporting market information by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and for users of the information. This study examines distributions of transactions comprising daily price reports in the U.S. hog market. We determine publicly reported daily prices are sensitive to which packing plants buy hogs. Transaction prices comprising USDA Agricultural Marketing Service price reports are not normally distributed; care must be taken in reporting and interpreting transaction prices. Economically important variations in prices occur because of packer-specific indicators. Daily reported prices are used as base prices in marketing agreements, making variation of even greater importance. Copyright © The Author(s) 2016
Evolution of management of gastroschisis
No full textBackground/purpose The management protocols and outcome of neonates with gastroschisis have improved significantly during the past two decades. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the evolution in management and outcome of gastroschisis in our institution. Materials and methods All patients treated for gastroschisis during the past 12 years were included. These patients were divided into two chronologically distinct groups. Group I included patients who were treated from 1998 to 2005 and group II included patients who were treated from 2005 to 2010. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups according to the method of closure of the abdominal wall by either primary (group IA and group IIA) or delayed primary closure of the abdominal wall defect after temporary extra-abdominal hosting of the bowel using hand-sewn silastic or plastic sheets (group IB) or a spring-loaded silo (group IIB). Each patient was evaluated with regard to time spent on ventilator, time to initiating enteral feeds, time to discharge from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, and any complications. Results There was no difference between the two main groups with regard to the gestational age, sex, mode of delivery, or the percentage of associated congenital anomalies. Primary closure was feasible in 29 patients (18 in group IA and 11 in group IIA). Staged reduction of the herniated bowel and delayed repair were performed in 23 patients (12 in group IB and 11 in group IIB). Reduction of the herniated bowel and delayed staged reduction were performed earlier in group IIB than in group IB. Enteral feeding was earlier in patients who had primary closure either in group IA or group IIA compared with patients treated with delayed closure in either group IB or group IIB. Enteral feeding was relatively earlier in group IIB than in group IB, but the difference was not significant. Conclusion The overall morbidity and mortality showed significant improvement in the management of gastroschisis at our practice. The introduction of springloaded silo has simplified the management of patients born with gastroschisis who cannot be treated with primary reduction. Primary closure continued to have better outcome measures compared with staged closure.Keywords: abdominal wall defect, complications, gastroschisis spring-loaded sil
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The Inauthentic Use of African American English on Instagram
No full textThis article examines the usage of African American English (AAE) by non-Black individuals in the comment sections of posts on the social media site Instagram. The author investigates the contexts in which non-Black individuals choose to use AAE and whether the different contexts alters the rate of AAE usage.The Coyote Papers are made available by the Arizona Linguistics Circle at the University of Arizona and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] with questions about these materials
A semi-supervised autoencoder framework for joint generation and classification of breathing
No full textBackground and objective: One of the main problems with biomedical signals is the limited amount of patient-specific data and the significant amount of time needed to record the sufficient number of samples needed for diagnostic and treatment purposes. In this study, we present a framework to simultaneously generate and classify biomedical time series based on a modified Adversarial Autoencoder (AAE) algorithm and one-dimensional convolutions. Our work is based on breathing time series, with specific motivation to capture breathing motion during radiotherapy lung cancer treatments. Methods: First, we explore the potential in using the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) and AAE algorithms to model breathing signals from individual patients. We then extend the AAE algorithm to allow joint semi-supervised classification and generation of different types of signals within a single framework. To simplify the modeling task, we introduce a pre-processing and post-processing compressing algorithm that transforms the multi-dimensional time series into vectors containing time and position values, which are transformed back into time series through an additional neural network. Results: The resulting models are able to generate realistic and varied samples of breathing. By incorporating 4% and 12% of the labeled samples during training, our model outperforms other purely discriminative networks in classifying breathing baseline shift irregularities from a dataset completely different from the training set, achieving an average macro F1-score of 94.91% and 96.54%, respectively. Conclusion: To our knowledge, the presented framework is the first approach that unifies generation and classification within a single model for this type of biomedical data, enabling both computer aided diagnosis and augmentation of labeled samples within a single framework.RST/Medical Physics & TechnologyRST/Reactor Physics and Nuclear Material
Image-based Process Monitoring via Generative Adversarial Autoencoder with Applications to Rolling Defect Detection
No full textabstract: Image-based process monitoring has recently attracted increasing attention due to the advancement of the sensing technologies. However, existing process monitoring methods fail to fully utilize the spatial information of images due to their complex characteristics including the high dimensionality and complex spatial structures. Recent advancement of the unsupervised deep models such as a generative adversarial network (GAN) and generative adversarial autoencoder (AAE) has enabled to learn the complex spatial structures automatically. Inspired by this advancement, we propose an anomaly detection framework based on the AAE for unsupervised anomaly detection for images. AAE combines the power of GAN with the variational autoencoder, which serves as a nonlinear dimension reduction technique with regularization from the discriminator. Based on this, we propose a monitoring statistic efficiently capturing the change of the image data. The performance of the proposed AAE-based anomaly detection algorithm is validated through a simulation study and real case study for rolling defect detection.Dissertation/ThesisMasters Thesis Industrial Engineering 201
Lived experiences of white, standard American English teachers in predominantly black classrooms
No full textThe research question addressed in the capstone was: What is a lived experience of a White, Standard American English teacher in a predominantly Black classroom? The motivating factor for this research was the author\u27s personal experience as a middle-school English teacher. The author explored the experiences of three other teachers in similar conditions. This capstone examines the African American English (AAE) dialect and how three white, Standard American English (SAE) teachers approach teaching SAE to students who primarily speak AAE. The capstone also reflects on each teacher\u27s professional development both before and after entering the classroom, and it provides recommendations to teacher-preparation programs and other educator professional development
Cerebral Hemodynamics Underlying Artery-to-Artery Embolism in Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease
No full textArtery-to-artery embolism (AAE) is a common stroke mechanism in intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD), associated with a considerable risk of recurrent stroke. We aimed to investigate cerebral hemodynamic features associated with AAE in symptomatic ICAD. Patients with anterior-circulation, symptomatic ICAD confirmed in CT angiography (CTA) were recruited. We classified probable stroke mechanisms as isolated parent artery atherosclerosis occluding penetrating artery, AAE, hypoperfusion, and mixed mechanisms, largely based on infarct topography. CTA-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were built to simulate blood flow across culprit ICAD lesions. Translesional pressure ratio (PR = Pressure /Pressure ) and wall shear stress ratio (WSSR = WSS /WSS ) were calculated, to reflect the relative, translesional changes of the two hemodynamic metrics. Low PR (PR ≤ median) and high WSSR (WSSR ≥ 4th quartile) respectively indicated large translesional pressure and elevated WSS upon the lesion. Among 99 symptomatic ICAD patients, 44 had AAE as a probable stroke mechanism, 13 with AAE alone and 31 with coexisting hypoperfusion. High WSSR was independently associated with AAE (adjusted OR = 3.90; P = 0.022) in multivariate logistic regression. There was significant WSSR-PR interaction on the presence of AAE (P for interaction = 0.013): high WSSR was more likely to associate with AAE in those with low PR (P = 0.075), but not in those with normal PR (P = 0.959). Excessively elevated WSS in ICAD might increase the risk of AAE. Such association was more prominent in those with large translesional pressure gradient. Hypoperfusion, commonly coexisting with AAE, might be a therapeutic indicator for secondary stroke prevention in symptomatic ICAD with AAE. [Abstract copyright: © 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
A multi-centre UK-based survey on angioedema secondary to acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency
No full text\ua9 The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Immunology. All rights reserved.Background: Acquired angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency (AAE-C1-INH) is very rare compared to its prototype, hereditary angioedema. An updated characterization of the AAE-C1-INH cohort in the UK is required to inform management. Objectives: To describe the disease burden of AAE-C1-INH, long-term prophylaxis (LTP) and the clinical, immunochemical, and treatment profiles of AAE-associated diseases in the UK. Method: Retrospective data on 117 AAE-C1-INH patients were collected using a national survey proforma across 25/34 Adult Clinical Immunology and Allergy centres in the UK. Other European cohorts were compared. Results: The median age at AAE-C1-INH diagnosis was 65 years with 3.4% of patients diagnosed below 40 years. The median delay in diagnosis was 1 year. Antifibrinolytics and attenuated androgens showed comparable efficacy to LTP, at 88.9% and 89.5%, respectively. A haematological disorder was identified in 83.8% of AAE-C1-INH patients compared to 3.4% of autoimmune diseases. The predominant haematological disorders were splenic marginal zone lymphoma 34% followed by MGUS 16%. The severity of angioedema did not depend on the associated disease. Anti-C1INH-autoantibodies testing was limited to 23.1%. Rituximab monotherapy was effective in treating 9/9 splenic marginal zone lymphoma and 1/2 MGUS-associated AAE-C1-INH. Rituximab efficacy was independent of anti-C1INH-autoantibodies detection with response in 3/3 seronegative and 4/4 seropositive patients. Conclusion: The diagnosis of AAE-C1-INH should not be overlooked below the age of 40 years. The choice of oral LTP should be informed by the propensity to side effects. B cell depletion could be considered in treating monoclonal B cell disorder-associated-AAE-C1-INH in the absence of haematological indications. Further studies are required to address the clinical utility of anti-C1INH-autoantibodies
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