9 research outputs found
IgG responses to Anopheles gambiae salivary antigen gSG6 detect variation in exposure to malaria vectors and disease risk.
No full textAssessment of exposure to malaria vectors is important to our understanding of spatial and temporal variations in disease transmission and facilitates the targeting and evaluation of control efforts. Recently, an immunogenic Anopheles gambiae salivary protein (gSG6) was identified and proposed as the basis of an immuno-assay determining exposure to Afrotropical malaria vectors. In the present study, IgG responses to gSG6 and 6 malaria antigens (CSP, AMA-1, MSP-1, MSP-3, GLURP R1, and GLURP R2) were compared to Anopheles exposure and malaria incidence in a cohort of children from Korogwe district, Tanzania, an area of moderate and heterogeneous malaria transmission. Anti-gSG6 responses above the threshold for seropositivity were detected in 15% (96/636) of the children, and were positively associated with geographical variations in Anopheles exposure (OR 1.25, CI 1.01-1.54, p = 0.04). Additionally, IgG responses to gSG6 in individual children showed a strong positive association with household level mosquito exposure. IgG levels for all antigens except AMA-1 were associated with the frequency of malaria episodes following sampling. gSG6 seropositivity was strongly positively associated with subsequent malaria incidence (test for trend p = 0.004), comparable to malaria antigens MSP-1 and GLURP R2. Our results show that the gSG6 assay is sensitive to micro-epidemiological variations in exposure to Anopheles mosquitoes, and provides a correlate of malaria risk that is unrelated to immune protection. While the technique requires further evaluation in a range of malaria endemic settings, our findings suggest that the gSG6 assay may have a role in the evaluation and planning of targeted and preventative anti-malaria interventions
PERANCANGAN PENILAIAN KINERJA KARYAWAN DEPARTEMEN PRODUKSI PADA PT SURYA SAKTI UTAMA SURABAYA DENGAN METODE RATING SCALE
No full textJika membutuhkan abstrak atau isi jurnal silahkan menghubungi author melalui email [email protected] atau [email protected] atau [email protected] Dipublikasikan tanggal: 20 Agustus 202
IgG responses to gSG6 and <i>P. falciparum</i> antigens, plotted against malaria incidence after serum collection.
No full text<p>Malaria incidence is grouped into 0 episodes, 1–2 episodes or >3 episodes. <b>A.</b> Box plots showing anti-gSG6 IgG level between groups sorted according to malaria incidence subsequent to serological sampling. Boxes, whiskers and P values are as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0040170#pone-0040170-g004" target="_blank"><i>Figure 4</i></a>. n = 269. <b>B.</b> Seroprevalence of anti-gSG6 and anti-<i>P. falciparum</i> IgG antibodies plotted against grouped malaria incidence. Sample sizes vary by antigen according to the available serological methodology; CSP n = 246, AMA-1 n = 227, MSP-1 n = 227, MSP-3 n = 566, GLURP R1 n = 566, GLURP R2 n = 566. P values were determined by a test for trend in proportions (***). Error bars denote 95% CI.</p
Mean anti-gSG6 IgG level per subvillage, plotted against increasing mosquito exposure per subvillage.
No full text<p>Anti-gSG6 IgG levels are given as the log-10 adjusted mean anti-gSG6 OD per subvillage. Mosquito exposure is given as the ascending and sequential mean <i>Anopheles</i> female count for each of 15 subvillages (x-axis), as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0040170#pone-0040170-g002" target="_blank"><i>Figure 2</i></a>. The trend-line from the linear regression is shown as a dashed line (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.436, p = 0.007).</p
Households grouped into quintiles according to their relative exposure to <i>Anopheles</i> females during the wet season entomological survey (May).
No full text<p>Households grouped into quintiles according to their relative exposure to <i>Anopheles</i> females during the wet season entomological survey (May).</p
Mean household <i>Anopheles</i> female count during peak transmission (May) in different subvillages.
No full text<p>Numbers of households sampled for each subvillage, in order of <i>Anopheles</i> exposure, were as follows: MY = 45, MS = 23, MA = 26, MU = 21, MJ = 29, KS = 24, LW = 65, LU = 61, MD = 45, MK = 14, KW = 99, SH = 13, GE = 47, KI = 30, MG = 91.</p
Seroprevalence and IgG antibody levels among seropositive children to <i>An. gambiae</i> gSG6, and <i>P. falciparum</i> CSP, AMA-1, MSP-1, MSP-3, GLURP R1 and GLURP R2.
No full text<p><b>OD</b> optical density.</p><p><b>IQR</b> inter-quartile range (25<sup>th</sup> and 75<sup>th</sup> percentiles).</p><p><b>n/N</b> proportion of seropositive individuals/total sample size.</p>*<p>seropositive individuals only.</p
IgG responses to gSG6 and <i>P. falciparum</i> antigens, grouped into quintiles of household <i>Anopheles</i> exposure.
No full text<p><b>A.</b> Box plots showing anti-gSG6 IgG level between groups sorted according to <i>Anopheles</i> exposure in quintiles. Boxes show the median and 25<sup>th</sup>/75<sup>th</sup> percentiles, whiskers show the 5<sup>th</sup>/95<sup>th</sup> percentiles, and outliers are represented by dots. Where outliers were excluded from the graph but not analysis they are marked with a + and included in parentheses. P values for pairwise comparisons were determined by Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction (*), and for all groups by Kruskal-Wallis test (**). <b>B.</b> Seroprevalence of anti-gSG6 and anti-<i>P. falciparum</i> IgG antibodies plotted against <i>Anopheles</i> exposure in quintiles. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals (CI). P values were determined by a test for trend in proportions (***).</p
Map of Tanzania showing the north-eastern provinces, and the location of Korogwe district.
No full text<p>Sampling in Korogwe district was conducted in 5 areas, which are marked on the map: Korogwe, Majengo, Magasin, Mnyuzi, and Mandera. Within these areas, our study population were resident in 15 subvillages. Korogwe consisted of the following subvillages: Kwasemangube (KS), Lwengera (LW) Msambazi (MS) and Masuguru (MU). Majengo consisted of the following subvillages: Kilole (KI), Majengo (MJ) and Manundu (MA). Magasin consisted of the following subvillages: Kwagunda (KW) and Maguga (MG)<b>.</b> Mnyuzi consisted of the following subvillages: Gereza (GE), Lusanga (LU), Mkwakwani (MK), Mnyuzi (MY) and Shambakapori (SH)<b>.</b> Mandera (MD) was an isolated subvillage.</p
