1,721,049 research outputs found
Bab 11 : Teori Pembelajaran
Full text linkTeori merupakan antara perkara asas kepada sesuatu bidang ilmu, termasuklah bidang psikologi pendidikan. Teori-teori pembelajaran dalam psikologi pendidikan memberi fokus kepada aspekaspek pembelajaran dan daripadanya datang idea-idea dan prinsip-prinsip tertentu. Perkataan teori ini sebenarnya tidak asing bagi kita, malah adakalanya digunakan dalam percakapan atau perbualan seharian. Walau bagaimanapun penggunaan perkataan teori dalam perbualan seharian ini mungkin tidak menepati maksud teori yang sebenar. Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan teori
Bab 2 : Teori-teori Perkembangan
Full text linkPengetahuan mengenai pertumbuhan dan perkem
bangan adalah sangat penting di dalam
proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran untuk
perancangan kurikulum dan mencipta teknik
mengajar kepada semua pelajar di dalam pelb
agai peringkat perkembangan. Pertumbuhan dan
perkembangan merupakan dua proses yang sali
ng berkait. Pengetahuan
mengenai psikologi
pertumbuhan dan perkembangan membolehkan
guru memahami perkembangan konsep yang
dicapai oleh kanak-kanak berbagai umur ak
an membolehkan guru merancang serta memilih
bahan bacaan pada peringkat kesukaran yang pali
ng sesuai. Guru perlu mengetahui jenis minat
yang mungkin dibentuk oleh ka
nak-kanak berbagai peringkat
umur untuk memberi dorongan
agar penyertaan pelajar yang berkesan dapat dijayakan di dalam bilik darjah.
Menurut Sharifah Alwiah Alsagof ma
tlama bidang psikologi pertumbuhan dan
perkembangn adalah :
(a)
Untuk beri pemerian yang paling tepat, ob
jektif dan sempurna
tentang asal-usul
fungsi biologi dan psikologi dan seterusnya
untuk menentukan je
nis serta ciri-ciri
perubahan umur di dala
m fungsi-fungsi tersebut.
(b)
Untuk memahami makanisme, proses
dan penentu penentu tingkah laku.
(c)
Untuk meramal tingkah laku
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pembentukan sahsiah remaja melalui konsep kendiri
No full textRemaja merupakan satu peringkat transisi individu yang berusia antara 11 hingga 21 tahun daripada peringkat kanak-kanak kepada peingkat dewasa yang melibatkan perubahan biologi, psikologi, sosial ekonomi dan melibatkan perubahan peringkat tidak matang ke peringkat matang. Masa remaja merupakan satu peringkat perkembangan yang amat penting bagi kehidupan seseorang individu, kerana ia merupakan zaman peralihan bagi kanak-kanak menyediakan diri ke alam dewasa. Zaman ini juga digambarkan sebagai satu jangka masa yang penuh dengan konflik dan masalah kerana berlakunya perubahan psikologikal. Remaja merupakan satu aset utama bagi sesuatu ummah. Generasi hari ini memerlukan generasi remaja bagi mengambil alih peranan pada masa akan datang
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