49 research outputs found
The Acquisition of Comprehension Skills among High and Low Achievers of Year 4 to 6 Students in Primary School
No full textAbstractComprehension skill is one of the main skills which need to be acquired by primary school students. In the primary school, most of the Years 4 to 6 students is expected to achieve the necessary level of reading fluency based on the prescribed syllabus. Research finding on Year 5 students indicated that they were able to read fluently but could not comprehend what was being read (Nor Hashimah Hashim, 2000). In another study which observed the primary school teachers teaching reading comprehension showed that teachers did not stress on the acquisition of basic comprehension skills (Nor Hashimah Hashim, 2001). Thus, the objective of the present study is to identify the acquisition of comprehension skills of Year 4 to 6 primary school students. Altogether, 4101 students were involved in a comprehension test which consist of 50 multiple choice questions. These items were categorized into three main comprehension categories, namely literal, inferential and critical-creative. Twenty items were developed for literal category, 20 items for inferential category and ten items for critical-creative category which measured six, five and four comprehension skills respectively. This paper discussed the findings on the acquisition of comprehension skills among high and low achievers
Gandingan kata bilangan dan penggandaan bahasa Melayu: sama tak serupa
No full textRamai penahu Melayu, antaranya Asmah (1993), Nik Safiah et al. (1997), Hashim Musa (1993), Liaw Yock Fang dan Abdullah Hassan (1994), dan Za`ba (2000) ada membincangkan kata ganda dengan tumpuan khusus pada aspek morfologi. Ada sedikit perbincangan yang menyentuh tentang makna kata ganda itu sendiri. Nor Hashimah (2002) ada membincangkan kata ganda dari perspektif semantik dengan menyarankan makna khusus dan tidak khusus pada kata tersebut. Kata bilangan kardinal dan bilangan tak tentu turut dibincangkan dalam kata ganda bilangan. Kata kardinal "tiga ekor ayam" tergambar jamaknya pada "tiga" dan "ayam" tidak perlu digandakan. Penahu Melayu juga menyarankan perkara yang serupa untuk kata bilangan tak tentu. "Semua guru" ialah gambaran jamak dan tidak perlu digandakan "guru". Data korpus, sama ada yang bertulis mahupun pertuturan menggambarkan sebaliknya. Fungsi kata ganda bilangan akan menjadi lebih menarik apabila dilihat pada korpus yang lebih luas. Analisis semantik dengan pendekatan rangka rujuk silang dan pemilihan rujukan akan menjelaskan perbezaan kedua-dua kata ganda ini dengan meyakinkan
Pendidikan Remaja Dalam Pusat Pemulihan Mencari Yang Ditinggalkan.
No full textKunci utama dalam membina sumber manusia yang berkualiti dan lestari adalah melalui sebuah sistem pendidikan yang baik. Sebuah sistem pendidikan yang baik mestilah
memiliki ciri-ciri seperti inklusif dan kualiti pendidikan yang saksama serta mempromosikan pembelajaran yang melangkaui kumpulan umur sasaran biasa dan menjangkaui ruang serta kerangka masa yang ditetapkan (Sustainable Development Goal 4). Berdasarkan piawaian tersebut, kita percaya bahawa sistem pendidikan pemulihan seperti pusat pemulihan tidak seharusnya dipisahkan dan ditinggalkan dalam memikirkan tentang pendidikan yang mampan. Kajian ini merupakan satu usaha penerokaan awal bagi memahami pengalaman serta cabaran yang dihadapi dari perspektif pesalah juvana Malaysia dalam meneruskan pendidikan sewaktu menjalani hukuman tahanan di pusat pemulihan
Gandingan kata bilangan dan penggandaan bahasa Melayu: sama tak serupa
No full textMany Malay grammarians, namely Asmah (1993), Nik Safiah et al. (1997), Hashim Musa (1993), Liaw Yock Fang and Abdullah Hassan (1994), and Za'ba (2000) have discussed about reduplication and their focus primarily on the morphological aspect. There are only a few studies that explore meanings of the reduplicated forms. Nor Hashimah (2002) suggests that based on semantics perspective, Malay redupli-cation conveys specific and non-specific meanings. Numerical cardinals and quantifiers are also regarded as part of reduplication. The phrase `tiga ekor ayam' (three hens) is in plural forms - the numeral `tiga' marks the plurality and the nominal 'ayam' is not reduplicated. Malay grammarians propose the same rule for quantifiers. The phrase ‘semua guru' (all teachers) is already in plural form and therefore the word 'guru' does not need to be reduplicated. Nevertheless, the writ-ten and spoken data prove otherwise. The analysis on functions of numerical reduplications will be more exiting if corpus with big data is examined. Accordingly, semantic analysis of bridging cross-refer-ence and reference assignment explains the di, fferences between the two numerical reduplications adequately.Ramai penahu Melayu, antaranya Asmah (1993), Nik Safiah et al. (1997), Hashim Musa (1993), Liaw Yock Fang dan Abdullah Hassan (1994), dan Za`ba (2000) ada membincangkan kata ganda dengan tumpuan khusus pada aspek morfologi. Ada sedikit perbincangan yang menyentuh tentang makna kata ganda itu sendiri. Nor Hashimah (2002) ada membincangkan kata ganda dari perspektif semantik dengan menyarankan makna khusus dan tidak khusus pada kata tersebut. Kata bilangan kardinal dan bilangan tak tentu turut dibincangkan dalam kata ganda bilangan. Kata kardinal "tiga ekor ayam" tergambar jamaknya pada "tiga" dan "ayam" tidak perlu digandakan. Penahu Melayu juga menyarankan perkara yang serupa untuk kata bilangan tak tentu. "Semua guru" ialah gambaran jamak dan tidak perlu digandakan "guru". Data korpus, sama ada yang bertulis mahupun pertuturan menggambarkan sebaliknya. Fungsi kata ganda bilangan akan menjadi lebih menarik apabila dilihat pada korpus yang lebih luas. Analisis semantik dengan pendekatan rangka rujuk silang dan pemilihan rujukan akan menjelaskan perbezaan kedua-dua kata ganda ini dengan meyakinkan
Bahasa Kiasan dalam Lagu "Mati Hidup Semula": Analisis Semantik Inkuisitif
No full textThe lexical selection in song lyrics requires a serious thought from the author because the lyrics should be poetic, while the desired message is to be accurately communicated to the listeners. The purpose of this study is to describe the meaning and the mind of the author through the figurative language used in the song "Mati Hidup Semula". Two implicit expressions have been selected for analysis, namely "Dulu hidup kurasakan mati" [I used to live but felt dead] and "Setelah mati kuhidup semula" [After being dead I am alive again]. This study is a qualitative analysis by applying the inquisitive semantic approach proposed by Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin (2014). The combination of data, theory, philosophy and culture are able to produce meaningful interpretations of the two implicit expressions so as to illustrate the author's mind. The results of the analysis show that "life" and "death" are not only antonymic at a literal level but have a secondary meaning of dualism. The selection of these two expressions was not done arbitrarily but through the serious thinking of the author.
Keywords: figurative language, song lyrics, "Mati hidup Semula", inquisitive semanticsPemilihan leksikal dalam lirik lagu memerlukan pemikiran tajam penulis kerana kepuitisan perlu ada dalam lirik lagu di samping mesej dapat disampaikan dengan tepat kepada pendengar. Kajian ini bertujuan menghuraikan makna dan akal budi penulis melalui bahasa kiasan yang digunakan dalam lagu "Mati Hidup Semula". Dua ungkapan implisit telah dipilih untuk dianalisis, iaitu "Dulu hidup kurasakan mati" dan "Setelah mati kuhidup semula". Kajian ini berbentuk analisis kualitatif dengan mengaplikasikan pendekatan semantik inkuisitif yang diasaskan oleh Nor Hashimah Jalaluddin (2014). Gandingan data, teori, falsafah dan budaya dapat menghasilkan huraian makna dua ungkapan implisit tersebut sehingga memperlihatkan akal budi penulis. Hasil analisis mendapati hubungan kata "hidup" dengan "mati" bukan sahaja bersifat antonim pada peringkat harfiah tetapi mendukung makna tambahan secara dualisme. Pemilihan kedua-dua ungkapan tersebut tidak dilakukan sewenang-wenang tetapi telah difikirkan dengan teliti oleh penulisnya.
Kata kunci: bahasa kiasan, lirik lagu, mati hidup semula, semantik inkuisiti
Teachers' acquaintance with the developmental of pre-school students: a pilot study
No full textDevelopment of a child’s learning begins at home. Parents are the main person to start and to help the physical, social, emotional, language skills and cognitive development of children (Children, 2005; Saturia Amiruddin, Sombuling, & Kiong, 2014; (Nor Hashimah Hashim & Yahya Che Lah, 2007). The developments of these five aspects in accordance with nature are by genes and environment. Psychologists have recognized that no individual has the same rate of growth (Aliza Ali, Sharifah Nor Puteh, & Zamri Mahamod, 2013; Atan Long, 1980; Azizi Yahaya, Halimah Ma’alip, & Zuhaimy Ismail, 2012; Nor Hashimah Hashim & Yahya Che Lah, 2007). (Shahrin Hashim & Yusof Boon, 2008) enhances that the development of each individual is unique and also have stages. Although there development are the same but they have the different levels from each other based on genetic, environment, education and nutrition
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Preschool Children in Rural Areas on Handwashing and Toothbrushing
No full textEstablishing lifelong hygienic practices begins in early childhood, particularly in rural areas where access to health education and resources may be limited. However, the level of pre-schoolers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about basic hygiene practices in rural areas needs to be better understood. This study investigates the KAP of preschool children in Sik, Kedah, regarding handwashing and toothbrushing. Using a case study design with a qualitative approach, the study involved 16 children, focusing on six for detailed data collection through observations, video recordings, and interviews. The results show that while some children forget to use soap on occasion, these children understand the importance of handwashing as a way to get rid of germs and avoid getting sick. Since they express satisfaction and enjoyment from feeling clean, they have positive attitudes regarding handwashing. Although handwashing is typically performed before meals and after using the restroom, soap use varies. Similar to toothbrushing, children show that brushing is essential for maintaining oral health, which includes avoiding tooth decay and foul breath. The majority of them also understand the significance of brushing twice a day. After brushing, children show enjoyment and a feeling of freshness, and their attitudes are generally positive. Although the frequency varies from person to person, practices are consistent and frequently supervised by the teacher. While pre-schoolers generally show good knowledge and attitudes regarding hygiene practices, inconsistent application emphasises the need for ongoing health education and better resources to improve hygiene practices and health outcomes in rural areas. The implication of this study is that there is a need for enhanced education and resources in rural areas to reinforce consistent hygiene practices and improve overall health outcomes. 
Simpulan Bahasa, Conceptual Metaphors and Malay Knowledge
No full textThis study will be focusing on Malay proverbs. To be exact, it deals with Malay Simpulan Bahasa. Za'ba (2002: 157) states that the “idiom” is also referred to as an ‘expression’, and the meaning of each idiom is conveyed by the combination of the two or more words that are fixed and structurally place in a special arrangement. The data in this study is taken from only one secondary source which is Kamus Bunga Bahasa (1961). The Simpulan Bahasa (SB) chosen for this study consist of only two-word figurative fixed formations. The objective of this study is to show how the meaning of the selected SB can be disambiguated using the Interactive Metaphorical Theory by Black (1962) and Cognitive Semantic Theory by Lakoff and Johnson (1980; 2003). According to Tenas Effendy (2003), many among the Malays today do not understand Malay proverbs. Nor Hashimah and Junaini (2010) also state that almost 60 percent of teens in Malaysia are unable to understand and master the SB well
Assessment of a Reading Comprehension Instrument as It Relates to Cognitive Abilities as Defined by Bloom's Revised Taxonomy
No full textMore often than not, the assessment of literacy has focused upon how well readers attain various levels of reading comprehension or demonstrate proficiency with specific reading skills rather than reveal a readers cognitive abilities as reflected in conceptual frameworks such as Blooms Revised Taxonomy (Anderson, et al., 2001). Where tests of reading comprehension have classified test items by type for the purposes of item analysis, it usually is only by reading skill. The focus of this study is to change from this functional approach to one that examines how well, if at all, a test created in Malay, and translated into English, that was developed for primary and intermediate grade readers, may also be able to determine cognitive levels of understanding as described by Blooms Revised Taxonomy The Cognitive Dimension (Hashim et al., 2006). To accomplish this task, the raters evaluated the questions from both Malay tests using Blooms Revised Taxonomy of Cognitive Abilities. By using the Blooms Revised Taxonomy as a system of classification, the researchers were able to more accurately pinpoint the specific cognitive abilities being assessed by each test item. These findings suggested that classification by cognitive level allows one to measure specific cognitive abilities as defined by Blooms Revised Taxonomy. This is significant because Blooms Revised Taxonomy gives us objectives for classifying the learning, teaching and assessing of the cognitive dimension of thought that is central to instruction in most subject areas, and in relationship to our work in reading comprehension as an aspect of assessment of literacy in a way that differs from most current measures of reading comprehensio
